本文選題：生物力學(xué) + 頭部模型　； 參考：《蘭州理工大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著我國(guó)國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)水平的提高，汽車保有量也在逐年增加，頻繁發(fā)生的交通事故隨之而來(lái)。在大量的交通事故中，，頭部損傷占重要的比例，其高致殘率及高死亡率也造成了直接的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失和家庭不幸等諸多社會(huì)、經(jīng)濟(jì)問(wèn)題。因此頭部損傷機(jī)理的研究及其防護(hù)技術(shù)在世界各國(guó)都受到高度重視，并投入了大量人力物力進(jìn)行研究。 頭部具有極為復(fù)雜的解剖學(xué)結(jié)構(gòu)，同時(shí)包含了人體中樞神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)最重要的器官，對(duì)頭部進(jìn)行研究的手段受到極大的限制。在過(guò)去的幾十年中，研究人員在頭部損傷機(jī)理的研究領(lǐng)域提出了很多種假說(shuō)，但是真正意義上能夠完整揭示致傷機(jī)制的理論仍然有待完善。本文通過(guò)對(duì)頭部解剖學(xué)的認(rèn)識(shí)以及頭部損傷機(jī)理的研究，以有限元分析軟件ABAQUS和三維建模軟件CATIA為工具，建立一個(gè)合理的人體頭部有限元模型，通過(guò)有限元方法分析交通事故中頭部的生物力學(xué)響應(yīng)及影響頭部損傷的因素。 本文研究了相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)中頭部模型以及人體生物形態(tài)，應(yīng)用三維建模軟件CATIA建立了與實(shí)際結(jié)構(gòu)相符的頭部幾何模型，由于頭部結(jié)構(gòu)的復(fù)雜性，對(duì)模型進(jìn)行了適當(dāng)簡(jiǎn)化。為了驗(yàn)證頭部模型的合理性，將模型導(dǎo)入ABAQUS中并進(jìn)行有限元網(wǎng)格劃分計(jì)算機(jī)實(shí)驗(yàn)。依據(jù)頭部標(biāo)定試驗(yàn)方法的計(jì)算機(jī)實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明：采用2mm的網(wǎng)格大小可以保證計(jì)算的準(zhǔn)確性；造成損傷的頭部合成加速度最大值為2305m·s-2，滿足頭部標(biāo)定試驗(yàn)，即所得數(shù)值位于205～2695m·s-2之間，從而確定頭部模型是合理的。 采用軟件ABAQUS模擬了頭部碰撞汽車發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)罩板的生物力學(xué)響應(yīng)，對(duì)汽車的行駛速度、罩板的厚度以及撞擊角度等三個(gè)因素進(jìn)行了分析。計(jì)算機(jī)實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明：罩板越厚、撞擊速度和撞擊角度越大，對(duì)頭部的損傷也嚴(yán)重。研究方法為汽車安全性和頭部創(chuàng)傷防護(hù)研究提供了參考。
[Abstract]:With the improvement of China ' s national economy , the quantity of automobiles is increasing year by year , and frequent traffic accidents are coming . In a large number of traffic accidents , head injury is an important proportion , and its high disability rate and high mortality rate also result in many social and economic problems such as direct economic loss and family misfortune . Therefore , the research on the mechanism of head injury and its protection technology are highly valued in all countries of the world , and a great deal of manpower and material resources are put into research .

In the past few decades , the research on the mechanism of head injury has been greatly limited . In the past few decades , the researchers have put forward many hypotheses in the field of the research of head injury mechanism .

In order to verify the rationality of the head model , the model is introduced into the software and the finite element mesh is used to divide the computer experiments . The results show that the accuracy of calculation can be ensured by using the mesh size of 2mm .
The maximum synthetic acceleration of the head is 230m 路 s - 2 , and the head calibration test is satisfied , that is , the obtained value lies between 205 and 2695m 路 s - 2 , so it is reasonable to determine the head model .

The biomechanical response of the head - impact automobile engine cover plate is simulated by using the software , and three factors , such as the running speed of the automobile , the thickness of the cover plate and the impact angle , are analyzed . The results show that the thicker the cover plate , the larger the impact velocity and the impact angle , the damage to the head is also serious . The research method provides a reference for the safety and head trauma protection research .
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：R318.01

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 張露;人體下肢有限元模型構(gòu)建及著襪舒適性數(shù)值分析[D];武漢紡織大學(xué);2013年

本文編號(hào)：1936299