本文選題：熒光診斷 + 牙結(jié)石　； 參考：《沈陽理工大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：21世紀(jì)是生命科學(xué)與信息科學(xué)的時(shí)代，光學(xué)診斷是一種無損、高效、高靈敏的診斷方法，具有廣闊的應(yīng)用前景。本文利用激光誘導(dǎo)熒光原理，開展了熒光光譜像診斷牙結(jié)石和雙色熒光診斷牙結(jié)石的研究，具體如下： 首先，搭建了激光誘導(dǎo)熒光診斷系統(tǒng)，通過對(duì)比不同光源激發(fā)下牙結(jié)石和正常牙齒的熒光光譜特征，得到適合牙結(jié)石臨床診斷的光源。在405nm發(fā)光二極管的激發(fā)下，正常牙齒和牙結(jié)石的熒光光譜存在顯著差異，牙結(jié)石在510nm處有明顯的熒光峰，而正常牙齒在510nm處產(chǎn)生的熒光非常弱，，幾乎探測不到。在He-Ne激光器的激發(fā)下，牙結(jié)石的熒光波峰在680nm附近，而正常牙齒觀測不到明顯的熒光峰。在波長為635nm的半導(dǎo)體激光器的激發(fā)下，正常牙齒和牙結(jié)石都在680nm處產(chǎn)生了明顯的熒光峰，但是在700nm之后只有牙結(jié)石的光譜能觀測到熒光。 其次，分析對(duì)比牙結(jié)石和正常牙齒的熒光光譜特征，建立診斷牙結(jié)石的靈敏診斷方法。利用熒光峰的區(qū)域面積(650-730nm)與反射光峰的區(qū)域面積（618-648nm）比值R S(618648)S(650730)來判定牙齒是否病變,得到的靈敏度和準(zhǔn)確度高達(dá)90%以上。牙結(jié)石的表面覆蓋豬肉組織后，以R=0.9為閾值仍然得到了93.3%靈敏度和100%準(zhǔn)確度。 最后，建立了一種診斷牙結(jié)石的雙色熒光成像方法。根據(jù)正常牙組織和牙結(jié)石的熒光光譜特征，選擇藍(lán)色發(fā)光二極管（LED）為激發(fā)光源，利用紅色濾光片和綠色濾光片分別與CCD相結(jié)合對(duì)樣品進(jìn)行偽顏色成像。通過對(duì)這兩種熒光圖像進(jìn)行一定的數(shù)學(xué)運(yùn)算來提高圖像對(duì)比度。檢測結(jié)果表明，利用單一的紅色熒光或者綠色熒光成像很難區(qū)分辨別牙結(jié)石，然而，利用雙色熒光成像方法能提高圖像的清晰度和分辨率。這項(xiàng)研究將會(huì)為牙結(jié)石的清洗提供一種有效的診斷方法。
[Abstract]:The 21st century is the era of life science and information science. Optical diagnosis is a kind of nondestructive, efficient and sensitive diagnostic method, which has a broad application prospect. In this paper, using the principle of laser-induced fluorescence, the study on the diagnosis of dental calculi by fluorescence spectrography and two-color fluorescence was carried out, as follows: Firstly, a laser induced fluorescence diagnosis system was set up, and the light source suitable for clinical diagnosis of dental calculi was obtained by comparing the fluorescence spectrum characteristics of lower teeth and normal teeth excited by different light sources. Under the excitation of 405nm diode, the fluorescence spectra of normal teeth and dental stones were significantly different. There were obvious fluorescence peaks in 510nm, but the fluorescence of normal teeth in 510nm was very weak and could hardly be detected. Under the excitation of He-Ne laser, the fluorescence peak of dental calculi is near 680nm, but no obvious fluorescence peak is observed in normal teeth. Under the excitation of a semiconductor laser with wavelength of 635nm, both normal teeth and dental calculi have obvious fluorescence peaks at 680nm, but only the fluorescence can be observed in the spectrum of dental calculi after 700nm. Secondly, a sensitive method for the diagnosis of dental calculi was established by analyzing and comparing the fluorescence spectrum characteristics of dental calculi and normal teeth. The ratio of the area of fluorescence peak (650-730nm) to the area of reflection peak (618-648nm) is used to determine whether the tooth is diseased or not, and the sensitivity and accuracy are over 90%. After the surface of dental stone was covered with pork tissue, the sensitivity of 93.3% and the accuracy of 100% were obtained by using RD0.9 as the threshold. Finally, a two-color fluorescence imaging method for the diagnosis of dental calculi was established. According to the fluorescence spectrum characteristics of normal tooth tissue and dental stone, blue light-emitting diode (LED) was selected as the excitation light source, and the pseudo-color imaging of the sample was performed by combining the red filter and green filter with CCD, respectively. The contrast of these two kinds of fluorescence images is improved by mathematical operation. The results show that it is difficult to distinguish tooth stone by single red fluorescence or green fluorescence imaging. However, using two-color fluorescence imaging can improve the definition and resolution of the image. This study will provide an effective diagnostic method for the cleaning of dental calculi.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：沈陽理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：TN249;R318.51

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