本文選題：超譜圖 + 虛擬　； 參考：《天津大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：皮膚位于機(jī)體表面,保護(hù)內(nèi)部組織免受外界刺激的傷害,也可作為反映全身狀況的窗口。皮膚的異�；蚣膊〔粌H影響到人們的正常生活,更有可能威脅到人類的生命。光學(xué)方法在皮膚疾病的無創(chuàng)檢測中具有重要作用,針對當(dāng)前檢測方法中存在的光譜技術(shù)檢測缺少組織的結(jié)構(gòu)信息、圖像技術(shù)檢測缺少組織的成分信息、高光譜技術(shù)檢測缺少結(jié)構(gòu)和成分的交互信息以及探測深度較淺等不足,本課題從組織中光傳輸?shù)摹跋憬丁蹦Ｐ偷幕纠碚?提出了體表內(nèi)部虛擬超譜圖(VIHBS)技術(shù),該技術(shù)通過構(gòu)造組織位置、波長和光強(qiáng)的關(guān)系曲線,可同時(shí)獲得組織的光譜和“圖像”信息,反映組織內(nèi)部成分和結(jié)構(gòu)的變化。為消除VIHBS檢測中環(huán)境光的影響和抑制暗儀器電流,本課題采用了調(diào)制光源技術(shù)。 首先搭建了VIHBS檢測系統(tǒng)。系統(tǒng)主要包括調(diào)制光源、水平電控平移臺、光譜儀和PC機(jī),可實(shí)現(xiàn)VIHBS數(shù)據(jù)的自動采集存貯的功能。調(diào)制光源設(shè)計(jì)包括機(jī)械斬光器和上位機(jī)串口通信系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì),為整個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)系統(tǒng)提供操作簡單的調(diào)制輸入光信號。水平電控平移臺由移動機(jī)械結(jié)構(gòu)和移動控制系統(tǒng)組成,實(shí)現(xiàn)光纖探測器一定的線性范圍內(nèi)的可控的往返移動。上位機(jī)軟件采用LabVIEW語言開發(fā),上位機(jī)和下位機(jī)通過串口通信控制平移臺的狀態(tài),并完成光譜數(shù)據(jù)采集。然后對VIHBS系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了穩(wěn)定性測試。 本課題對VIHBS技術(shù)的可行性、調(diào)制技術(shù)的有效性以及VIHBS初步應(yīng)用進(jìn)行了實(shí)驗(yàn)研究。在VIHBS可行性實(shí)驗(yàn)中,通過比較正常蘋果和人為摻雜質(zhì)的蘋果的VIHBS特性,實(shí)現(xiàn)有效的區(qū)分和定位,并證明了VIHBS技術(shù)的分類效果優(yōu)于反射光譜。在調(diào)制光源的測試中,人為添加雜散光干擾,對比調(diào)制前后VIHBS圖像,證明了調(diào)制方法可以有效消除環(huán)境干擾的影響,抑制儀器暗電流。最后對VIHBS技術(shù)進(jìn)行了初步研究,采用調(diào)制光源,以豬肉為實(shí)驗(yàn)對象,構(gòu)造豬肉結(jié)構(gòu)和成分變化的模擬實(shí)驗(yàn),通過VIHBS技術(shù)進(jìn)行分析表明,在可見光范圍內(nèi)VIHBS技術(shù)初步實(shí)現(xiàn)了豬肉中異物(紅色濾光片)的定位檢測;以及在近紅外波段實(shí)現(xiàn)對注入強(qiáng)散射雜質(zhì)脂肪乳的豬肉的篩查作用。 今后,隨著研究的深入,采用統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)以及數(shù)據(jù)挖掘手段,把VIHBS數(shù)據(jù)與組織的一種或多種特征相對應(yīng),實(shí)現(xiàn)VIHBS結(jié)構(gòu)和成分信息的同時(shí)處理,應(yīng)用于人體皮膚組織內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)和成分變化的早期診斷,將會具有很好的臨床應(yīng)用前景。
[Abstract]:Skin is located on the surface of the body and protects the internal tissue from external irritation. It also serves as a window to reflect the state of the body. Skin abnormalities or diseases not only affect people's normal life, but also threaten human life. Optical method plays an important role in noninvasive detection of skin diseases. The technology of hyperspectral detection lacks the interactive information of structure and composition, and the detection depth is shallow. Based on the basic theory of "banana" model of light transmission in tissue, a virtual hyperspectral image (VIHBS) technique is proposed in this paper. By constructing the relationship curves of the position, wavelength and intensity of the tissue, the spectral and "image" information of the tissue can be obtained at the same time, which reflects the changes of the internal composition and structure of the tissue. In order to eliminate the influence of ambient light in VIHBS detection and suppress the current of dark instrument, modulation light source technology is adopted in this paper. First, the VIHBS detection system is built. The system mainly includes modulated light source, horizontal electronic control translation table, spectrometer and PC, which can realize the function of automatic acquisition and storage of VIHBS data. The design of modulation light source includes the design of mechanical chopper and serial port communication system of host computer, which provides a simple modulation input optical signal for the whole experimental system. The horizontal electrically controlled translation platform is composed of a mobile mechanical structure and a mobile control system, which realizes the controllable and round-trip movement of the optical fiber detector in a certain linear range. The upper computer software is developed by LabVIEW language. The upper computer and the lower computer control the status of the translation table through serial communication, and complete the spectral data acquisition. Then the stability of VIHBS system is tested. The feasibility of VIHBS technology, the effectiveness of modulation technology and the preliminary application of VIHBS are studied experimentally. In the feasibility experiment of VIHBS, by comparing the VIHBS characteristics of normal apple and artificially doped apple, we can distinguish and locate effectively, and prove that the classification effect of VIHBS technology is better than that of reflection spectrum. In the test of modulation light source, the VIHBS images before and after modulation are compared by adding stray light interference. It is proved that the modulation method can effectively eliminate the influence of environmental interference and suppress the dark current of the instrument. Finally, the VIHBS technology is studied preliminarily. The structure and composition of pork are simulated by using modulated light source and pork as experimental object. The results of VIHBS analysis show that, The localization of foreign body (red filter) in pork was preliminarily realized by VIHBS in the visible range, and the screening of pork injected with strong scattering impurity fat emulsion was realized in near infrared band. In the future, with the development of the research, the VIHBS data can be matched with one or more features of the organization by means of statistics and data mining to realize the simultaneous processing of VIHBS structure and component information. Application in early diagnosis of changes in internal structure and composition of human skin tissue will have a good clinical application prospect.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：R310

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