發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-05-13 05:18

  本文選題：行為決策 + 博弈行為��； 參考：《溫州大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：行為決策與我們每個(gè)人的生活息息相關(guān),是人類生活中一項(xiàng)基本的活動(dòng)。上至國(guó)家政策的制定,下至個(gè)體的日常生活都會(huì)涉及到行為決策活動(dòng)。腦電波(Electroencephalogram, EEG)是大腦在活動(dòng)時(shí),大量神經(jīng)元同步發(fā)生的突觸后電位經(jīng)總和后形成的。它記錄大腦活動(dòng)時(shí)的電波變化,是腦神經(jīng)細(xì)胞的電生理活動(dòng)在大腦皮層或頭皮表面的總體反映。目前用腦科學(xué)的方法研究行為決策已經(jīng)取得初步的成果,包括經(jīng)濟(jì)行為決策和博弈行為決策在腦電波上的反應(yīng)和特征。本文在之前研究的基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)行為決策在腦電波上的反應(yīng)及特征做進(jìn)一步的研究。通過(guò)制定博弈決策實(shí)驗(yàn)方案和逃生決策模型來(lái)更加系統(tǒng)研究行為決策,并結(jié)合在此行為決策上腦電波的反應(yīng)和特征做進(jìn)一步的研究和說(shuō)明�；诖�,本論文從以下三個(gè)部分開(kāi)展研究工作:1、制定博弈決策實(shí)驗(yàn)方案,通過(guò)系統(tǒng)的獎(jiǎng)懲實(shí)驗(yàn)來(lái)判斷當(dāng)人們得與失的時(shí)候在腦電波上的反應(yīng)與特征,并指出在大腦哪個(gè)區(qū)域是參與決策的主要部分以及人們?cè)谧鲞x擇時(shí)腦電波的特征。結(jié)果表明,前額葉區(qū)域是大腦參與決策的主要部分,損失相比收益來(lái)說(shuō)對(duì)此大腦區(qū)域造成的影響更加強(qiáng)烈。2、恐慌是逃生行為中一個(gè)重要的心理行為,不同的恐慌程度會(huì)對(duì)逃生效率產(chǎn)生較大的影響。為了研究不同的恐慌狀態(tài)在腦電波上的反應(yīng)及特征我們?cè)O(shè)置三種不同的情景分別為正常情景、火災(zāi)情景和放松情景,并在著三種不同的情景下分別引發(fā)出被試的正常狀態(tài)、恐慌狀態(tài)和放松狀態(tài)。被試在這三種不同的狀態(tài)下由Oddball實(shí)驗(yàn)中的靶刺激引發(fā)出不同狀態(tài)下的P300,通過(guò)對(duì)P300特征的分析,結(jié)果表明恐慌狀態(tài)下P300的潛伏期提前而放松狀態(tài)下P300的潛伏期推遲。3、建立逃生決策模型,本文通過(guò)仿真模擬建立疏散模型。在模型中引入恐慌參數(shù)的概念,恐慌參數(shù)值越高表明恐慌程度越高。在不同的恐慌狀態(tài)下行人表現(xiàn)出不同逃生行為�？只艆�(shù)表明行人在逃生中的恐慌程度,研究表明恐慌程度既不是越高越好也不是越低越好,而是在相對(duì)一個(gè)適度的恐慌狀態(tài)下能夠積極有序的疏散并使逃生效率達(dá)到最佳。本文通過(guò)對(duì)以上三部分內(nèi)容的系統(tǒng)研究,將行為決策與腦科學(xué)結(jié)合起來(lái),用腦電波來(lái)測(cè)量不同的決策下腦電波的反應(yīng)及特征具有重要的意義。其研究結(jié)果使我們能夠更好的從大腦機(jī)制出發(fā)來(lái)理解行為決策。博弈行為決策中通過(guò)對(duì)腦電信號(hào)的分析使我們了解到大腦在參與決策過(guò)程中對(duì)不同區(qū)域所產(chǎn)生的影響。在逃生行為決策分析的過(guò)程中,能夠使我們制定更佳的逃生策略,并能夠使我們更加清楚的認(rèn)識(shí)到恐慌狀態(tài)對(duì)腦電波產(chǎn)生的影響。本文的研究?jī)?nèi)容和結(jié)果對(duì)下一步的相關(guān)研究也將具有一定的參考價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:Behavioral decision-making is closely related to the life of each of us and is a basic activity in human life. From the formulation of national policy to the daily life of individuals, it involves behavioral decision-making activities. Electroencephalograms (EGG) are formed by the sum of postsynaptic potentials of a large number of neurons in the brain. It records changes in electrical waves during brain activity and is a general reflection of the electrophysiological activity of brain nerve cells on the surface of the cerebral cortex or scalp. At present, the method of brain science has been used to study behavioral decision making, including the reaction and characteristics of economic behavior decision and game behavior decision on brain wave. On the basis of previous studies, this paper makes a further study on the response and characteristics of behavioral decision making on brain waves. By making the experimental scheme of game decision and the model of escape decision, the behavior decision is studied more systematically, and the reaction and characteristics of brain wave in this behavior decision are further studied and explained. Based on this, this paper carries out research work from the following three parts: 1, formulates the game decision experiment scheme, through the systematic reward and punishment experiment to judge the reaction and the characteristic of the brain wave when people get and lose. It also points out which part of the brain is the main part of decision-making and the characteristics of brain waves when people make choices. The results showed that the prefrontal region was the main part of the brain involved in decision-making, and that loss had a stronger effect on the brain region than income. Panic was an important psychological behavior in escape behavior. Different levels of panic can have a greater impact on escape efficiency. In order to study the response and characteristics of different panic states on brain waves, we set up three different scenarios: normal scenario, fire scenario and relaxation scenario. Panic and relaxation. In these three different states, the target stimuli in the Oddball experiment led to P300 in different states, and the characteristics of P300 were analyzed. The results show that the latency of P300 in panic state is earlier than that in relaxed state. The decision model of escape is established, and the evacuation model is established by simulation in this paper. The concept of panic parameter is introduced into the model, and the higher the panic parameter value is, the higher the panic degree is. In different panic states, pedestrians show different escape behavior. Panic parameters indicate the degree of panic in the escape of pedestrians. Research shows that the degree of panic is not the higher the better or the lower the better, but in a relatively moderate state of panic can actively and orderly evacuation and achieve the best escape efficiency. In this paper, through the systematic study of the above three parts, it is of great significance to combine behavioral decision making with brain science, and to measure the responses and characteristics of brain waves under different decisions by using brain waves. The findings enable us to better understand behavioral decisions in terms of brain mechanisms. Through the analysis of EEG in game behavior decision making, we can understand the influence of brain on different regions in the process of decision making. In the process of decision analysis of escape behavior, we can make a better escape strategy, and can make us understand more clearly the effect of panic state on brain waves. The research content and result of this paper will also have certain reference value to the next related research.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：溫州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：R318

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 沈長(zhǎng)浩;;大型商場(chǎng)安全疏散消防設(shè)計(jì)解析[J];黑龍江科技信息;2015年30期

2 陳石;李虹;;雙加工逃生決策的順序替代效應(yīng)[J];心理科學(xué);2014年01期

3 苗志宏;李智慧;;一種基于SPH方法的人員疏散混合模型及模擬[J];自動(dòng)化學(xué)報(bào);2014年05期

4 李海江;;特別重大火災(zāi)人員傷亡統(tǒng)計(jì)與分析[J];中國(guó)減災(zāi);2013年05期

5 周愛(ài)保;李世峰;夏瑞雪;徐科朋;朱婧;蔡美君;;P300在自我研究中的應(yīng)用與發(fā)展[J];醫(yī)學(xué)與哲學(xué)(A);2012年07期

6 孫亮;馬躍;廉東本;;一種基于博弈論的疏散出口選擇模型[J];計(jì)算機(jī)系統(tǒng)應(yīng)用;2012年01期

7 孫澄宇;胡拓;德 福理斯 博克;;多出口選擇中的幾何影響因素定量化研究[J];建筑科學(xué);2011年12期

8 陸卓謨;秦文虎;;火災(zāi)中基于個(gè)體行為的人群疏散仿真[J];東南大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(自然科學(xué)版);2011年06期

9 高巖;劉磊;楊建芳;;應(yīng)急系統(tǒng)中逃生與疏散策略的研究[J];上海理工大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2011年04期

10 施正威;陳治亞;周樂(lè);凌景文;;多出口條件行人疏散的元胞自動(dòng)機(jī)模型[J];系統(tǒng)工程;2010年09期

，

本文編號(hào)：1881825