本文選題：心臟瓣膜 + 脈動流檢測��； 參考：《沈陽工業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：心臟為人體循環(huán)系統(tǒng)提供源源不斷的動力,心臟瓣膜作為閥門控制血液的單向流動。然而人的一生中瓣膜需要開合數(shù)十億次,每個心動周期都要經(jīng)歷大變形過程,復(fù)雜的應(yīng)力應(yīng)變情況使瓣膜易發(fā)生鈣化、撕裂等病變,從而影響整體循環(huán)系統(tǒng)的正常運轉(zhuǎn)。為了更好地提高人工心臟瓣膜在體內(nèi)的運行性能,瓣膜的體外性能測試是十分必要的。脈動流檢測能夠有效地模擬體內(nèi)的循環(huán)環(huán)境,因而成為檢測心臟瓣膜流體動力學(xué)性能的重要手段。本文以體外脈動流檢測為基礎(chǔ),結(jié)合有限元分析方法有效地分析心臟瓣膜的結(jié)構(gòu)力學(xué)性能、流體動力學(xué)功能間關(guān)系。本文研究脈動波在血液中的傳播特性,理論推導(dǎo)心臟瓣膜在流體力作用下發(fā)生大變形情況時應(yīng)力、變形關(guān)系式,并利用MATLAB繪制關(guān)系曲線。對心臟瓣膜流體動力學(xué)性能進(jìn)行脈動流檢測分析,研究心輸出量、平均主動脈壓力和心室驅(qū)動曲線對瓣膜性能的影響。為了深入分析心臟瓣膜在體內(nèi)運行環(huán)境下微觀受力情況,利用有限元技術(shù)研究瓣膜的力學(xué)性能。采用模態(tài)分析研究瓣膜結(jié)構(gòu)的振動特性,諧響應(yīng)分析不同頻率的載荷作用下的動力響應(yīng);利用結(jié)構(gòu)顯示動力學(xué)模擬瓣膜運動過程大變形情況,基于任意拉格朗日-歐拉算法建立瓣膜和血液的流固耦合模型,分析瓣膜在血液循環(huán)系統(tǒng)下的運動情況,為后續(xù)人工瓣膜設(shè)計提供參數(shù)優(yōu)化。結(jié)果表明,理論研究得出流體力作用下瓣膜表面中部受力最大,并以軸對稱形式變化。生物瓣膜在體外脈動流檢測下的各性能指標(biāo)數(shù)值均符合ISO 5840國際檢測標(biāo)準(zhǔn),其中瓣膜的平均主動脈壓力過大會增加血液泄漏百分比,心輸出量過小會減小有效開口面積。有限元仿真結(jié)果顯示,瓣膜收縮期應(yīng)力集中在彎曲變形嚴(yán)重的腹部以及瓣葉縫合邊;舒張期應(yīng)力集中在瓣葉縫合邊的兩側(cè),仿真結(jié)果驗證了理論計算的正確性。在脈動檢測的不同時間點,瓣膜有限元模型與實驗條件下的開口面積、流速近似相等,證明了有限元仿真的可靠性。
[Abstract]:The heart provides constant power to the human circulatory system. The heart valve acts as a valve to control the unidirectional flow of blood. However, the valve needs to be opened and closed billions of times in human life, each cardiac cycle has to undergo a large deformation process, complex stress-strain conditions make the valve prone to calcification, tear and other lesions, thus affecting the normal operation of the whole circulatory system. In order to improve the performance of prosthetic heart valve in vivo, it is necessary to test its performance in vitro. Pulsating flow detection can effectively simulate the circulation environment in the body, so it is an important means to detect the hydrodynamic performance of heart valve. Based on the detection of pulsating flow in vitro, the relationship between the structural mechanical properties and hydrodynamic functions of heart valves is analyzed effectively by using finite element method. In this paper, the propagation characteristics of pulsating wave in blood are studied. The formula of stress and deformation of heart valve under the action of fluid and force is deduced theoretically, and the relation curve is drawn by MATLAB. The effects of cardiac output, mean aortic pressure and ventricular drive curve on the valve performance were studied. In order to analyze the microcosmic stress of heart valve in vivo, the mechanical properties of valve were studied by finite element method. Modal analysis is used to study the vibration characteristics of the valve structure, and the harmonic response is used to analyze the dynamic response under the load of different frequencies, and the large deformation of the valve motion is simulated by the structure display. Based on any Lagrangian Euler algorithm, the fluid-solid coupling model of valve and blood is established, and the movement of valve under circulatory system is analyzed, which provides parameters optimization for the subsequent design of artificial valve. The results show that the central force on the surface of the valve is the largest and changes in the form of axisymmetric under the action of fluid force. The values of the biological valves under pulsating flow in vitro all accord with the ISO 5840 international standard. The mean aortic pressure of the valve increases the percentage of blood leakage and the cardiac output decreases the effective opening area. The finite element simulation results show that the stress during the valve contraction is concentrated on the abdomen with severe bending deformation and the edge of the flap is sutured, and the stress in the diastolic phase is concentrated on the two sides of the suture edge of the valve. The simulation results verify the correctness of the theoretical calculation. At different time points of pulsation detection, the opening area and velocity of the valve in the finite element model are approximately equal to those in the experimental condition, which proves the reliability of the finite element simulation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：沈陽工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：R318.1

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