本文選題：羥基磷灰石 + 殼聚糖　； 參考：《天津醫(yī)科大學》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：目的： 觀察羥基磷灰石-殼聚糖載溶菌酶生物材料修復兔橈骨缺損的成骨效果,為人工骨材料的進一步研究和臨床應用提供理論基礎和實驗依據(jù),為骨缺損和骨不連的治療提供新的途徑。 方法： 取健康新西蘭大白兔36只,體重2.5kg-3.5kg之間,雌雄不限。采用隨機法將動物分為三組： A組：空白對照組；B組：自體骨移植對照組；C組：材料移植組。每組12只。將兔的雙側橈骨中段連同骨膜切除12mm長的骨段,做成標準的骨缺損模型。A組不做任何處理,B組植入原位骨,C組植入復合材料。分別于術后4,8,12W行大體標本觀察,X線平片及病理切片組織學觀察新型骨修復材料的成骨效果,對X線平片及病理切片組織學觀察的結果采用Lane-Sandhu法,進行方差分析,并得出結論。 結果： 1.大體觀察顯示B組和C組植入12W后骨缺損愈合,塑形基本接近正常。A組顯示骨折斷端封閉,未形成骨性連接。 2.X線平片顯示隨著時間延長,B組和C組骨缺損處骨痂逐漸增多,12W基本愈合,塑形完成,其中C組所植入材料逐漸降解,材料降解與骨長入幾近同步,逐漸被骨組織取代。A組見骨折斷端有部分骨痂形成,量少,12W時未見骨性修復,髓腔封閉,形成骨不連。用Lane-Sandhu法X線評分方差分析比較：A組與C組相比P0.05,差異有顯著性；B組與C組比,P0.05,差異沒有顯著性；A組與B組比,P0.05,差異有顯著性。 3.組織學觀察在各時間段內(nèi),在纖維結締組織、骨痂、骨小梁和類骨組織的生成量以及成骨細胞方面B組和C組均好于A組。用Lane-Sandhu法組織學評分P值：A組與C組相比P0.05,差異有顯著性；B組與C組比,P0.05,差異沒有顯著性；A組與B組比,P0.05,差異有顯著性。 結論： 1.羥基磷灰石-殼聚糖載溶菌酶生物材料具有良好的生物相容性,植入后未出現(xiàn)毒性及異物反應,傷口愈合正常,未出現(xiàn)明顯傷口感染、材料暴露和組織壞死。動物運動、進食、精神狀態(tài)都呈現(xiàn)健康狀態(tài)。 2.羥基磷灰石-殼聚糖載溶菌酶生物材料具有良好的骨傳導性,能為新骨的形成提供支架,植入后,與骨組織的接觸處及材料的內(nèi)外表面均有骨形成。 3.羥基磷灰石-殼聚糖載溶菌酶生物材料具有良好的可降解性,植入后,隨著時間的推移,復合材料逐漸降解,最終被骨組織所替代,且材料降解與新骨長入幾乎呈同步性。 4.羥基磷灰石-殼聚糖載溶菌酶生物材料具有良好的成骨作用,可作為一種新型復合人工骨材料修復骨缺損,從而為臨床治療提供一條新途徑。
[Abstract]:Objective: To observe the osteogenic effect of hydroxyapatite-chitosan loaded lysozyme biomaterials in repairing rabbit radius defect and to provide theoretical and experimental basis for further study and clinical application of artificial bone materials. To provide a new approach for the treatment of bone defect and nonunion. Methods: Take 36 healthy New Zealand white rabbits, weight between 2.5kg-3.5kg, male and female. The animals were randomly divided into three groups: group A: blank control group: group B: bone autograft group: group C: material transplantation group. There were 12 rats in each group. The bilateral radial midsection and periosteum were removed to make the standard bone defect model. Group A was implanted into the in-situ bone graft C group without any treatment. The osteogenic effects of the new bone repair materials were observed by X-ray plain film and histopathologic section respectively at 4: 8 and 12 weeks after operation. The results of X-ray plain film and pathological section were observed by Lane-Sandhu method, and the results were analyzed by variance analysis, and a conclusion was drawn. Results: 1. Gross observation showed that the bone defect healed after 12 W implantation in group B and C, and the plastic shape was close to normal. Group A showed that the broken end of fracture was closed and no bony connection was formed. 2. X-ray plain film showed that the callus of bone defect in group B and group C gradually increased and healed for 12 W, and the materials implanted in group C were gradually degraded, and the degradation of materials was nearly synchronized with bone growth. In group A, partial callus was formed at the broken end of fracture, and no bone repair was found at 12W, and the medullary cavity was closed, resulting in nonunion. There was a significant difference between group B and group C (P 0.05). There was no significant difference (P 0.05) between group A and group B (P 0.05), and there was no significant difference between group A (P 0.05) and group B (P 0.05). 3. Histologically, the formation of fibrous connective tissue, callus, trabecula and osteoid tissue and osteoblasts in group B and group C were better than those in group A. The histological score of P: a group was significantly higher than that of C group (P 0.05) by Lane-Sandhu method. There was no significant difference between group A and group B (P 0.05), and there was no significant difference between group A and group B (P 0.05), and there was no significant difference between group A and group B (P 0.05). Conclusion: 1. Hydroxyapatite-chitosan loaded lysozyme biomaterials have good biocompatibility, no toxicity and foreign body reaction after implantation, normal wound healing, no obvious wound infection, material exposure and tissue necrosis. Animal movement, eating, and mental state all show healthy state. 2. Hydroxyapatite-chitosan-loaded lysozyme biomaterials have good bone conductivity and can provide scaffolds for the formation of new bone. 3. Hydroxyapatite / chitosan loaded lysozyme biomaterials have good biodegradability. After implantation, the composites gradually degrade and are replaced by bone tissue, and the degradation of the materials is almost synchronized with the growth of new bone. 4. Hydroxyapatite-chitosan loaded lysozyme biomaterials have a good osteogenic effect and can be used as a new composite artificial bone material to repair bone defects, thus providing a new way for clinical treatment.
【學位授予單位】：天津醫(yī)科大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：R318.08

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