本文選題：生物瓣膜 + 心臟力學(xué)　； 參考：《山東大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：心臟為人體血液提供源源不斷的動(dòng)力,一旦其瓣膜發(fā)生病癥,將會(huì)危及人的生命安全。瓣膜置換是治療風(fēng)濕性心臟瓣膜病的主要手段。目前應(yīng)用于臨床的瓣膜主要分為機(jī)械瓣和生物瓣。生物瓣具有優(yōu)良的血流動(dòng)力學(xué)性能、不需要終生抗凝、血栓發(fā)生堵塞率低以及與心臟瓣膜有關(guān)的并發(fā)癥發(fā)生少等優(yōu)異性,使其在治療心臟瓣膜病占有率上呈逐年上升的趨勢(shì)。然而,由于瓣葉的形態(tài)、瓣膜材料以及血液的流動(dòng)狀態(tài)等因素,使得瓣膜易產(chǎn)生組織鈣化、瓣葉撕裂等失效方式,不能夠滿足臨床上對(duì)生物瓣膜壽命的較高期望。機(jī)械應(yīng)力是造成生物瓣膜鈣化和瓣葉撕裂的主要原因,設(shè)計(jì)并研制出性能優(yōu)良、耐久性的生物瓣膜是國(guó)內(nèi)外亟待解決的問題。 論文首先以薄膜殼理論和心瓣流體力學(xué)理論為依據(jù),利用計(jì)算機(jī)輔助設(shè)計(jì)軟件PRO/E設(shè)計(jì)出橢球型面生物瓣膜模型。依據(jù)臨床數(shù)據(jù)構(gòu)建出動(dòng)脈壁模型,然后利用ANSYS/WORKBENCH得到生物瓣膜與血液的流固耦合模型�；谘芰W(xué)和心臟力學(xué),用ALE法推導(dǎo)出瓣葉與血液耦合的基本框架、原理與耦合方程,給出了ALE法在生物瓣膜流固耦合分析的上的可行性以及重要性。為了使模型的受力情況更接近真實(shí)環(huán)境,采用了臨床上生理相關(guān)參數(shù)。最后,應(yīng)用有限元分析軟件ANSYS/WORKBENCH對(duì)所建模型進(jìn)行有限元分析,得出應(yīng)力分布結(jié)果,分別比較幾種不同參數(shù)對(duì)生物瓣膜力學(xué)性能的影響。 通過對(duì)生物瓣膜力學(xué)性能的分析,可以看出,生物瓣膜在工作情況下,其瓣葉上所受的最大等效應(yīng)力和應(yīng)力集中出現(xiàn)在瓣葉與瓣架的縫合區(qū)域,這與臨床資料顯示的瓣葉容易主要發(fā)生撕裂和組織鈣化的病變區(qū)域是相符的。通過不同的生物瓣膜瓣葉泊松比對(duì)生物瓣膜力學(xué)性能的分析,當(dāng)泊松比為0.3時(shí),其瓣葉上各項(xiàng)主要參數(shù)都要優(yōu)異與所選擇的其它組對(duì)照數(shù)據(jù),其動(dòng)態(tài)力學(xué)性能較優(yōu)。分析不同的彈性模量對(duì)生物瓣膜的力學(xué)性能顯示,當(dāng)生物瓣膜材料的彈性模量選擇為1500Pa時(shí),其動(dòng)態(tài)力學(xué)各項(xiàng)性能較優(yōu)�？紤]瓣葉不同厚度對(duì)生物瓣膜力學(xué)性能的分析顯示,當(dāng)瓣葉的厚度為0.54mm時(shí),其瓣葉各項(xiàng)動(dòng)態(tài)力學(xué)性能較優(yōu)。分析血液入口速度對(duì)生物瓣膜力學(xué)性能影響時(shí),當(dāng)入口速度為1m/s時(shí),瓣葉上各項(xiàng)動(dòng)態(tài)力學(xué)性能較優(yōu),其更好的滿足了臨床上的要求。通過對(duì)生物瓣膜的流固耦合動(dòng)態(tài)分析,得到了不同參數(shù)對(duì)生物瓣膜力學(xué)性能影響,為設(shè)計(jì)和優(yōu)化生物瓣膜,提高生物瓣膜耐久性提供重要的基礎(chǔ)。 本文使用有限元方法對(duì)生物瓣膜的流固耦合動(dòng)態(tài)力學(xué)性能進(jìn)行分析,所得到的瓣葉在血液的載荷作用下的應(yīng)力分布更加真實(shí),是瓣膜設(shè)計(jì)和分析的重要嘗試,為瓣葉的設(shè)計(jì)、優(yōu)化和加工提供了重要的參考和實(shí)驗(yàn)依據(jù),對(duì)評(píng)估生物瓣膜的壽命和撕裂有著重要的指導(dǎo)意義。
[Abstract]:Everfount heart to provide power for human blood, once the valve disease, will endanger the safety of human life. Valve replacement is the main method for the treatment of rheumatic heart disease. The clinical application of valve consists of mechanical valve and bioprosthetic valve. The biological valve has excellent hemodynamic performance, does not require life-long anticoagulation the low rate of thrombosis, blockage and associated with heart valve complications less excellent, in the treatment of valvular heart disease share increased year by year. However, because the valve leaf shape, valve material and blood flow condition, the valve is easy to produce tissue calcification, leaflet laceration etc. the failure mode, can not meet the clinical on biovalve life of high expectations. Mechanical stress is a major cause of bioprosthetic heart valve calcification and leaflet laceration, designed and developed the performance Good and durable biological valve is an urgent problem to be solved at home and abroad.
Firstly, with the membrane theory and heart valve fluid mechanics theory, computer aided design software PRO/E to design the surface biovalve ellipsoid model by using computer. On the basis of clinical data to construct out vein wall model, and then use ANSYS/WORKBENCH to get biovalve blood and fluid solid coupling model. Vascular mechanics and cardiac mechanics based on the basic framework for ALE deduced the leaflet and blood coupling, principle and coupling equation, gives the ALE method in fluid solid coupling analysis of bioprosthetic heart valve and the importance of the force. In order to make the model more close to the real environment, the physiological parameters related to clinical application. Finally, the finite element analysis software of ANSYS/WORKBENCH the model of finite element analysis, the stress distribution results, compare different parameters influence on the mechanical properties of several kinds of biological valves.
Through the analysis of biovalve mechanical properties can be seen, biovalve in working condition, the maximum equivalent by the leaflet on stress and stress concentration occurs in the region and valve leaflet suture frame, the lesions and clinical data show Ye Rongyi flap occurred mainly tear and calcification is consistent. Through the analysis of different mechanical properties of bioprosthetic heart valve leaflets with Poisson ratio, when the Poisson ratio is 0.3, the valve on the main parameters are excellent with the choice of the other group data, the dynamic mechanical properties are excellent. Analysis of different elastic modulus on the mechanical properties of biovalve show when the elastic modulus of biovalve material selection for 1500Pa, its dynamic mechanical performance is excellent. Considering the analysis of valve leaf thickness on the mechanical properties of the bioprosthetic heart valve leaflets showed that when the thickness is 0.54mm, the leaflets The dynamic mechanical properties of the better. Analysis of the influence of blood entrance velocity on the mechanical properties of biological valves, when the entrance speed is 1m/s, the leaflets on the dynamic mechanical performance is better and better to meet the clinical requirements. The biovalves FSI dynamic analysis, the effects of different parameters on the biological valve mechanical properties for the design and optimization of biovalve, improve provides an important basis of biological valve durability.
In this paper, using the finite element method of biovalve fluid solid coupling dynamic mechanical performance analysis, the leaflets at the loading of the blood and the stress distribution is more realistic, is an important attempt to valve design and analysis, for the design of leaflets, provide reference and experimental basis to optimization and processing. Has an important guiding significance for the evaluation of bioprosthetic heart valve life and tear.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：R318.01

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