本文選題：密質(zhì)骨　切入點：斷裂能　出處：《稀有金屬材料與工程》2015年S1期

【摘要】：通過雙開口四點彎曲試驗測試牛的密質(zhì)骨沿橫向、縱向及徑向3個不同方向斷裂時的斷裂功,結(jié)果顯示骨沿橫向斷裂的斷裂功最大,縱向次之,徑向最小,這表明骨具有明顯地各向異性力學性質(zhì)。對骨斷裂后的3個斷裂面進行掃描電鏡觀察,結(jié)果顯示橫向斷面粗糙度最大,縱向斷面次之,徑向斷面最小。觀察也發(fā)現(xiàn)橫向斷面與骨單元垂直,縱向和徑向斷面與骨單元平行,可以推斷是骨單元與骨間質(zhì)之間的黏合線使這3個斷面上的裂紋發(fā)生了不同程度的折拐,這使得這3個斷面的粗糙度不同,也使得這3個方向上的斷裂功不同。根據(jù)骨斷裂時裂紋的擴展路徑具有統(tǒng)計自相似性,建立骨沿3個方向斷裂時的分形模型,用分形理論的能量耗散計算公式,計算了骨沿3個不同方向斷裂時的能量耗散,得到的結(jié)果與彎曲試驗結(jié)果有較好的一致。
[Abstract]:The fracture work of dense bone along transverse, longitudinal and radial directions was measured by four point bending test with double openings. The results showed that the fracture work along the transverse fracture was the largest, followed by the longitudinal fracture, and the radial fracture was the smallest.This indicates that the bone has obvious anisotropic mechanical properties.Three fracture surfaces after fracture were observed by SEM. The results showed that the roughness of transverse section was the largest, the longitudinal section was the second, and the radial section was the smallest.It is also found that the transverse section is perpendicular to the bone unit, and the longitudinal and radial section is parallel to the bone unit. It can be inferred that the adhesion line between the bone unit and the bone stroma causes the cracks on the three sections to be folded to varying degrees.This makes the roughness of the three sections different and the fracture work in these three directions different.According to the statistical self-similarity of crack propagation paths during bone fracture, a fractal model of bone fracture along three directions is established. The energy dissipation of bone fracture along three different directions is calculated by using the energy dissipation formula of fractal theory.The obtained results are in good agreement with the bending test results.
【作者單位】： 重慶大學煤礦災(zāi)害動力學與控制國家重點實驗室非均質(zhì)材料力學重慶市重點實驗室;
【基金】：國家自然科學基金(11272367)
【分類號】：R68;R318.01

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