發(fā)布時間：2018-03-31 12:27

  本文選題：豬膝關節(jié)軟骨　切入點：霍普金森壓桿　出處：《浙江大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：膝關節(jié)為人體最大且構造最復雜的關節(jié)。人在整個生命周期中對膝關節(jié)的使用非常的頻繁,其中膝關節(jié)軟骨在膝關節(jié)活動中起重要作用,其主要功能為穩(wěn)定膝關節(jié),傳遞膝關節(jié)負荷力,緩解壓力。在壓力作用下,膝關節(jié)軟骨被壓縮,解除壓力,又可伸展,類似于彈性墊的效果,可以保護軟骨下的骨骼不受破壞。在強力驟然運動時,膝關節(jié)軟骨發(fā)生沖撞和摩擦損傷的概率很大,膝關節(jié)軟骨的動態(tài)力學性能是關系到膝關節(jié)功能是否正常運行的一個重要力學指標,對建立膝關節(jié)軟骨損傷的精細化仿真模型以研究膝關節(jié)軟骨損傷機理具有重要意義。與關節(jié)軟骨在準靜態(tài)條件下的力學性能相比,人們對其動態(tài)力學性能的研究較少,這是因為生物軟組織材料在動態(tài)加載條件下的力學測試難度很大。鑒于此情況,本文在傳統(tǒng)霍普金森壓桿實驗系統(tǒng)的基礎上發(fā)展了一套能準確測試關節(jié)軟骨動態(tài)力學性能的霍普金森壓桿實驗技術,成功獲得了關節(jié)軟骨的動態(tài)壓縮應力-應變曲線,并發(fā)展了 ZWT本構模型,從而得到了能夠準確描述關節(jié)軟骨在很寬應變率范圍內力學性能的非線性粘彈性本構模型。關節(jié)軟骨的力學性能與其所在生理部位關系較大,而與物種關系不大。由于人體膝關節(jié)軟骨獲取困難,而豬膝關節(jié)軟骨與人膝關節(jié)軟骨在材料本構與參數屬性上有相類似之處,故可用豬膝關節(jié)軟骨代替人膝關節(jié)軟骨對膝關節(jié)軟骨的動力特性進行研究。本文選取新鮮的豬后腿膝關節(jié)處關節(jié)軟骨作為研究對象,首先利用電子萬能疲勞試驗機對其進行了準靜態(tài)壓縮測試。實驗結果表明關節(jié)軟骨具有明顯的粘彈性性質和應變率效應。本文針對膝關節(jié)軟骨這種軟物質在傳統(tǒng)霍普金森壓桿實驗測試中存在的試樣兩端應力無法平衡及透射信號弱的問題,提出了相應的改進措施,并采用改進后的分離式霍普金森壓桿對豬膝關節(jié)軟骨進行了不同應變率下的沖擊壓縮實驗,獲得了成年豬膝關節(jié)軟骨在五種應變率下即500s-1、1000s-1、2000s-1、2700s-1和3500s-1的應力-應變曲線,分析了應變率對關節(jié)軟骨動態(tài)力學性能的影響。本文對不同豬齡膝關節(jié)軟骨進行了生化成分測定,并根據霍普金森壓桿實驗技術獲得了 3種不同豬齡膝關節(jié)軟骨在應變率3500s-1的應力-應變曲線,探討了不同年齡關節(jié)軟骨生化成分對關節(jié)軟骨動態(tài)力學性能的影響。本文以ZWT本構模型為基礎,發(fā)展了一個更適合生物軟組織材料的本構模型。通過對實驗數據進行擬合得到了模型中的材料參數,得到了膝關節(jié)軟骨ZWT本構模型,可用于描述關節(jié)軟骨在準靜態(tài)及高應變率下力學性能的非線性粘彈性本構模型,擬合結果與實驗結果重復性好,可為以后膝關節(jié)的有限元仿真提供關節(jié)軟骨的材料參數。
[Abstract]:The knee joint is the largest and most complicated joint in human body. The knee joint is used frequently in the whole life cycle, in which the articular cartilage plays an important role in the knee joint movement, and its main function is to stabilize the knee joint. Transfer knee joint load to relieve pressure. Under pressure, the cartilage of the knee joint is compressed, relieved of pressure, and can be stretched, similar to the effect of elastic pad, which can protect the bone under cartilage from destruction. The probability of collision and friction damage of articular cartilage is very high. The dynamic mechanical properties of knee cartilage is an important mechanical index related to the function of knee joint. It is of great significance to establish a fine simulation model of articular cartilage injury in order to study the mechanism of articular cartilage injury. Compared with the mechanical properties of articular cartilage under quasi-static conditions, there is less research on the dynamic mechanical properties of articular cartilage. This is because biomechanical testing of biological soft tissue materials under dynamic loading is very difficult. Based on the traditional Hopkinson compression bar experimental system, a set of experimental techniques for measuring the dynamic mechanical properties of articular cartilage have been developed in this paper. The dynamic compression stress-strain curves of articular cartilage have been obtained successfully. The ZWT constitutive model is developed and a nonlinear viscoelastic constitutive model which can accurately describe the mechanical properties of articular cartilage in a wide strain rate range is obtained. The mechanical properties of articular cartilage are closely related to its physiological position. But not related to species. Because of the difficulty of obtaining human knee cartilage, pig knee cartilage is similar to human knee cartilage in material constitutive and parameter properties. Therefore, the dynamic characteristics of knee cartilage can be replaced by porcine articular cartilage. In this paper, the fresh articular cartilage in the knee joint of the hind leg of pig is selected as the research object. Firstly, quasi-static compression test was carried out on the electronic universal fatigue testing machine. The experimental results show that articular cartilage has obvious viscoelastic properties and strain rate effect. In the experimental test of Hopkinson compression bar, the stress at both ends of the specimen can not be balanced and the transmission signal is weak. The corresponding improvement measures were put forward, and the impact compression experiments of pig knee cartilage under different strain rates were carried out by using the improved split Hopkinson pressure bar. The stress-strain curves of the articular cartilage of adult pigs were obtained under five strain rates: 500s-1 / 1000s-1 / 2000s-1 / 2000s-1N / 2700s-1 and 3500s-1, and the effect of strain rate on the dynamic mechanical properties of articular cartilage was analyzed. The biochemical composition of the articular cartilage at different ages was measured in this paper. The stress-strain curves of three kinds of porcine articular cartilage at strain rate 3500s-1 were obtained according to the Hopkinson compression bar technique. The effects of biochemical components of articular cartilage at different ages on the dynamic mechanical properties of articular cartilage were studied. A constitutive model which is more suitable for biological soft tissue materials is developed. The material parameters of the model are obtained by fitting the experimental data, and the ZWT constitutive model of knee cartilage is obtained. The nonlinear viscoelastic constitutive model can be used to describe the mechanical properties of articular cartilage under quasi-static and high strain rate. The fitting results are reproducible with the experimental results, and the material parameters of articular cartilage can be provided for the finite element simulation of knee joint.
【學位授予單位】：浙江大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：R684;R318.01

【參考文獻】

相關期刊論文 前10條

1 王寶珍;胡時勝;;肌肉類粘彈性超軟材料SHPB實驗的應力應變均勻性分析[J];實驗力學;2011年04期

2 王禮立;董新龍;孫紫建;;高應變率下計及損傷演化的材料動態(tài)本構行為[J];爆炸與沖擊;2006年03期

3 王曉燕;盧芳云;林玉亮;;SHPB實驗中端面摩擦效應研究[J];爆炸與沖擊;2006年02期

4 林玉亮;盧芳云;盧力;;石英壓電晶體在霍普金森壓桿實驗中的應用[J];高壓物理學報;2005年04期

5 王玉梅,師建軍,溫世明;人濕橈骨干的沖擊壓縮實驗研究[J];西安交通大學學報(醫(yī)學版);2002年05期

6 董啟榕,王以進,鄭祖根;關節(jié)軟骨的生物力學特性研究[J];蘇州醫(yī)學院學報;1999年03期

7 翁習生,仉建國,張嘉,邱貴興,馬洪順,朱慶三;髕骨軟骨粘彈特性的實驗研究[J];中國醫(yī)學科學院學報;1999年01期

8 吳幾愷，謝絳利，，張均一, 姚樹仁;關節(jié)軟骨抗張強度的實驗研究[J];白求恩醫(yī)科大學學報;1995年05期

9 李振宇;馬洪順;姜鴻志;;關節(jié)軟骨力學性能實驗研究[J];試驗技術與試驗機;1989年02期

10 李晉唐;C.G.Armstrong;V.C.Mow;;拉伸時應變速度對關節(jié)軟骨力學性質的影響[J];成都科技大學學報;1983年02期

相關博士學位論文 前1條

1 王寶珍;肌肉類軟組織動態(tài)力學性能研究[D];中國科學技術大學;2010年

相關碩士學位論文 前1條

1 任朝峰;骨替代材料動態(tài)力學相容性研究[D];天津大學;2007年

本文編號：1690737