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  本文選題：醫(yī)療系統(tǒng)　切入點：康復訓練　出處：《華中科技大學》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：基于機器視覺的標記檢測方法在工業(yè)控制、農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)、國防建設等領域內都有廣泛的應用，，但在醫(yī)療領域的應用相對比較少。針對目前醫(yī)用體外沖擊波碎石機在對腎臟結石患者進行結石定位過程中需要全程開啟X射線對結石進行成像定位，會對病患和醫(yī)護人員造成不必要的X射線的輻射的現(xiàn)狀，以及中風病人康復訓練方式缺乏自主性和趣味性等問題，利用機器視覺的原理，開發(fā)并設計了一套能夠減少X射線輻射的沖擊波碎石機輔助定位系統(tǒng)和通過游戲方式輔助中風病人進行康復訓練的人機交互系統(tǒng)。 在沖擊波碎石機輔助定位系統(tǒng)中，采用大小相同且相鄰的矩形格子作為標記，并使用Lucas-Kanade光流法檢測標記上的角點，通過角點檢測、角點跟蹤和運動補償?shù)燃夹g，將對結石的定位問題轉化為標記的運動跟蹤的問題，實現(xiàn)對結石的輔助定位功能。在中風病人康復治療系統(tǒng)中，采用LED燈產(chǎn)生的光斑作為標記，通過閾值分割、質心提取的方法檢測標記，該系統(tǒng)通過標記跟蹤患肢的運動，使患肢能夠進行康復訓練，針對上下肢的康復訓練，分別設計了單人足球游戲、乒乓球游戲和空氣曲棍球游戲。 通過臨床實驗，沖擊波碎石機輔助定位系統(tǒng)能夠較準確地實現(xiàn)輔助定位的功能，有效地減少了X射線輻射量；中風病人康復治療系統(tǒng)能夠讓患者主動地運動上下肢體進行康復訓練，增加了康復訓練的樂趣。
[Abstract]:Marking detection methods based on machine vision have been widely used in industrial control, agricultural production, national defense construction and other fields. However, the application of extracorporeal shock wave lithotriptor in the field of medical treatment is relatively few. In order to locate the stones in kidney stone patients with extracorporeal shock wave lithotriptor, it is necessary to turn on X-ray to locate the stones in the whole process. Problems such as unnecessary X-ray radiation to patients and health care workers, lack of autonomy and interest in rehabilitation training for stroke patients, and the use of the principles of machine vision, An auxiliary locating system of shock wave lithotriptor which can reduce X-ray radiation and a man-machine interaction system which can assist stroke patients with rehabilitation training by game are developed and designed. In the auxiliary positioning system of shock wave lithotriptor, the rectangular lattice of the same size and adjacent size is used as the mark, and the corner point on the mark is detected by Lucas-Kanade optical flow method, and the corner detection, corner tracking and motion compensation are adopted. The problem of stone location is transformed into the problem of tagged motion tracking, and the auxiliary location function of stone is realized. In the rehabilitation treatment system of stroke patients, the spot produced by LED lamp is used as the mark, and the threshold value is used to segment the stone. The method of centroid extraction is used to detect the marks. The system tracks the movement of the affected limbs through the markers, so that the affected limbs can be rehabilitated. For the rehabilitation training of the upper and lower limbs, the single player football game, the table tennis game and the air hockey game are designed respectively. Through clinical experiments, the auxiliary positioning system of shock wave lithotriptor can realize the function of auxiliary positioning more accurately, and effectively reduce the amount of X-ray radiation. The rehabilitation system for stroke patients enables them to exercise their upper and lower limbs actively, thus increasing the fun of rehabilitation training.
【學位授予單位】：華中科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：R319;TP391.41

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