納米材料生物有序組裝及臨床應(yīng)用
發(fā)布時間:2018-02-10 21:28
本文關(guān)鍵詞: 電化學(xué)免疫傳感器 石墨烯 納米材料 腫瘤標(biāo)志物 出處:《濟(jì)南大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文 論文類型:學(xué)位論文
【摘要】:眾所周知,作為一種新型的檢測裝置,免疫傳感器在過去的幾十年里已經(jīng)引起了人們的極大關(guān)注,主要是因為其在各個領(lǐng)域都具有潛在的應(yīng)用價值,如食品工業(yè)[1]、生物技術(shù)[2]、化學(xué)制藥[3]、環(huán)境污染檢測[4]和臨床檢測[5]。尤為重要的是,由于其較好的兼容性,儀器的簡單操作和高的靈敏度和選擇性,電化學(xué)免疫傳感器作為一種新的分析工具和儀器,在腫瘤標(biāo)志物的臨床檢測中得到了廣泛的應(yīng)用。 通過大量的數(shù)據(jù)收集可以看出,在每年的記錄里都可以發(fā)現(xiàn)全世界患有乳腺癌的女性有一百萬左右,對于婦女健康狀況危害的各種腫瘤很多,其中危害最大的是乳腺癌[6]。一直以來全球的醫(yī)學(xué)界都一直致力于對乳腺癌的檢測研究,在不斷的研究過程中,科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)有一種可以作為乳癌診斷的腫瘤標(biāo)志物,那就是糖抗原15-3(carbohydrateantigen15-3, CA15-3),同時對于它的檢測還可以應(yīng)用到腫瘤預(yù)后[7]。明星材料石墨烯由于其獨特的物理化學(xué)性質(zhì)已經(jīng)引起全世界的廣泛關(guān)注,是一種全新的材料[8]。在本研究中,我們報道了一種新型的基于石墨烯的免疫傳感器用于CA15-3的簡單、快速和超靈敏檢測。一方面,簡單體現(xiàn)在兩點,一是免疫傳感器的簡單構(gòu)建,二是在合成石墨烯的過程中體現(xiàn)出方法的簡單和新穎性;另一方面,免疫傳感器的靈敏度通過石墨烯表層的大的比表面積可以吸附大量的抗體從而得到大大的加強(qiáng)[9]。此外,電解液和電極表面之間的電子的傳遞速度由于石墨烯較高的導(dǎo)電性而得到增強(qiáng)。制備傳感器可以通過下面的方法來實現(xiàn):把合成的石墨烯修飾到已經(jīng)經(jīng)過事先拋光清洗的玻碳電極的表面上,通過石墨烯上的羧基和抗體上的氨基發(fā)生酰胺化反應(yīng)使CA15-3結(jié)合到電極上,抗原抗體在電極表面的結(jié)合形成復(fù)合物,造成電極上的電子傳遞速率會大大降低。電流信號隨著CA15-3的濃度變化而發(fā)生變化,并成線性關(guān)系,具有一定的檢測線性范圍,其范圍為0.1U/mL—20U/mL,檢出限為0.012U/mL。通過這種方式構(gòu)建的傳感器具有很大的優(yōu)勢,因為它具備了非常多的優(yōu)點,比如說選擇性好,靈敏度也很高,此外,穩(wěn)定性也很好,并且檢測簡單易操作。由此可見,這種新型的免疫傳感器在臨床上對于腫瘤標(biāo)志物的快速檢測方面具有非常好的應(yīng)用前景。 在這篇文章中,我們還報道了一種新型的電化學(xué)免疫傳感器用于甲胎蛋白(AFP)的檢測,此類傳感器基于石墨烯納米材料和Au Pd立方體納米粒子。簡言之,由于石墨烯較強(qiáng)的導(dǎo)電性和大的比表面積,AFP抗體通過酰胺化反應(yīng)很容易結(jié)合到電極的表面,信號放大的方法是通過標(biāo)記二抗的Au Pd納米材料來實現(xiàn)的。得到的此類夾心型免疫傳感器檢測效果很好,,在AFP的檢測過程中能夠體現(xiàn)出的線性范圍較寬,即為0.05—30ng/mL之間,檢測限低,即為0.005ng/mL。由此制備的傳感器穩(wěn)定性良好,并且具有很好的再生性。由此可以推斷,這類傳感器的應(yīng)用范圍可以得到推廣,即可以應(yīng)用到其他腫瘤標(biāo)志物的檢測,從而達(dá)到在臨床上的診斷和預(yù)后的目的。
[Abstract]:As a new type of detection device , as a new type of detection device , the immunosensor has attracted great attention in the past few decades , mainly because it has potential application value in various fields , such as food industry , biotechnology , chemical pharmacy , environmental pollution detection and clinical detection . Especially , because of its good compatibility , simple operation and high sensitivity and selectivity of the instrument , electrochemical immunosensor as a new analytical tool and instrument has been widely used in the clinical detection of tumor markers . Through a large amount of data collection , it can be seen that , in every year ' s records , there are about one million women with breast cancer in the world , many of which are harmful to women ' s health , and most of them are breast cancer . Since the world ' s medical community has been working on breast cancer detection , scientists have found a tumor marker that can be diagnosed as breast cancer , that is , the sugar antigen 15 - 3 ( carbofrateantigen15 - 3 , CA15 - 3 ) , and its detection can also be applied to the prognosis of the tumor . Due to its unique physical and chemical properties , the star material graphene has attracted wide attention worldwide , and it is a brand - new material . In this study , we reported a new type of graphene - based immunosensor used in the simple , rapid and ultra - sensitive detection of CA15 - 3 . On the one hand , it is simple to construct the immunosensor . In addition , the transfer rate of electrons between the electrolyte and the electrode surface is enhanced due to the high conductivity of the graphene . The preparation sensor can be realized by modifying the synthesized graphene to the surface of the glassy carbon electrode which has been cleaned in advance , and the detection limit is 0.012U / mL .
鍦ㄨ繖綃囨枃绔犱腑,鎴戜滑榪樻姤閬撲簡涓
本文編號:1501475
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