本文關(guān)鍵詞：人體天然牙及牙科修復(fù)材料沖擊磨損行為的體外試驗(yàn)研究　出處：《西南交通大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 人體天然牙 沖擊 磨損 鈦合金 羥基磷灰石 水分

【摘要】：牙齒是人體重要的咀嚼器官,在中樞神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)的支配下,以咀嚼肌為動力,(?)為程序,周而復(fù)始進(jìn)行咀嚼循環(huán)。在咀嚼過程中,上下對頜牙在咬合力的作用下發(fā)生沖擊加載和切向滑動,從而對食物進(jìn)行切割、粉碎和磨細(xì)等系列機(jī)械加工。上下對頜牙在咬合力作用下的沖擊接觸和滑動摩擦導(dǎo)致牙(?)面發(fā)生沖擊磨損和滑動磨損,通常臨床上觀察到的牙齒咬合面磨損是沖擊磨損和滑動磨損共同作用的結(jié)果。因此,開展人牙沖擊磨損的相關(guān)研究,以便全面深入了解人體天然牙的磨損機(jī)制,為臨床防治牙齒過度磨損和研發(fā)新型牙科修復(fù)材料提供理論依據(jù)。 本文采用小載荷沖擊磨損試驗(yàn)機(jī),使用顯微硬度儀、掃描電子顯微鏡、激光共聚焦顯微鏡、表面輪廓儀等分析測試設(shè)備,研究了人牙的沖擊磨損行為以及牙齒中水分對牙齒沖擊磨損行為的影響,此外,對比考察了人牙與兩種常見牙科修復(fù)材料鈦合金和合成羥基磷灰石的沖擊磨損行為。旨在全面深入了解人牙沖擊磨損機(jī)制及磨損特性。取得的主要結(jié)果和結(jié)論如下： (1)人體天然牙沖擊磨損體積隨循環(huán)次數(shù)的增加呈非線性增大,在磨損初期,人牙表面呈現(xiàn)輕微塑性變形；隨著沖擊次數(shù)增加,磨損表面出現(xiàn)剝落,磨損加��；在沖擊力的反復(fù)作用下剝落下來的釉質(zhì)磨屑尺寸逐漸變小,在磨損表面形成磨屑層,磨損速率降低,磨斑剖面未產(chǎn)生裂紋。牙齒中水分對牙齒的沖擊磨損行為具有一定影響。隨著干燥時間增長,牙齒表面斷裂韌性降低,更容易發(fā)生剝落,磨屑層形成時間減小,磨損速率更快的減緩,磨斑剖面產(chǎn)生裂紋。 (2)鈦合金和合成羥基磷灰石沖擊磨損體積均隨循環(huán)次數(shù)的增加呈非線性增大,在沖擊過程中,鈦合金磨斑剖面未產(chǎn)生裂紋,合成羥基磷灰石磨損表面未產(chǎn)生硬化,磨斑剖面出現(xiàn)微裂紋。 (3)同脆性的合成羥基磷灰石相比,人牙沖擊磨損行為更接近韌性的鈦合金。
[Abstract]:The tooth is an important human organ of mastication, in the control of the central nervous system, with masticatory muscle power, (?) for the program, and for chewing cycle. During chewing, upper and lower jaw in bite force under impact loading and tangential sliding, so as to cut food, crushing a series of machining and grinding. Upper and lower jaw in bite force under the action of impact contact and sliding friction cause tooth surface (?) impact wear and wear, usually observed in clinical tooth occlusal surface wear is the impact wear and sliding wear together. Therefore, to carry out related research the impact of tooth wear, in order to in-depth understanding of the wear mechanism of human tooth, and provide a theoretical basis for clinical prevention and treatment of excessive tooth wear and the development of new dental restorative materials.
The small load impact wear testing machine, using microhardness tester, scanning electron microscope, laser confocal microscopy, surface profiler analysis and test equipment, water impact, impact wear behaviors of human tooth and tooth wear behavior of tooth impact in addition, were investigated and compared with two common dental dental restoration titanium alloy and hydroxyapatite impact wear behavior. In order to understand human tooth impact wear mechanism and wear characteristics. The main results and conclusions are as follows:
(1) the impact of human tooth wear volume increase nonlinearly with the increase of the cycle number in the early human tooth surface abrasion, slight plastic deformation; with the increase of impact times, wear surface spalling and wear; in the repeated impact by peeling off the enamel debris size becomes smaller, the wear the surface of the formation of debris layer, the wear rate decreased, the worn profile without cracks. The moisture in the teeth on the tooth impact wear behavior has certain influence. As the drying time increases, reduce the tooth surface and fracture toughness, more prone to spalling, debris layer formation time decreases faster wear rate slowed down, the worn profile produced crack.
(2) the impact wear volume of titanium alloy and hydroxyapatite increases linearly with the increase of cycle times. During the impact process, there is no crack in the grinding spot section of titanium alloy. The hydroxyapatite wear surface does not harden, and the micro cracks appear on the worn spot.
(3) compared with the brittle synthetic hydroxyapatite, the impact wear behavior of the human teeth is closer to the toughness of the titanium alloy.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：R783.1

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