【摘要】： 【目的】研究濕疹患者的主要致敏原及斑貼試驗(yàn)在不同性別、部位和年齡中可能存在的差異。 【方法】對華山醫(yī)院皮膚科門診確診的68例濕疹患者采集詳細(xì)臨床病史及進(jìn)行斑貼試驗(yàn)。所有病例按照皮疹部位分為手部濕疹組及軀干四肢濕疹組,分析在不同組別中各種致敏原斑貼試驗(yàn)陽性率。并按照性別、年齡分組研究在不同組別中,各種致敏原斑貼試驗(yàn)陽性率。使用卡方檢驗(yàn)和fisher精確概率法用于確定各組間差異的統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。使用SAS 9.2統(tǒng)計(jì)軟件。 【結(jié)果】68例患者中,斑貼實(shí)驗(yàn)陽性病例53例,總體陽性率77.94%,其中手部濕疹25例,陽性率86%,軀干四肢濕疹28例,陽性率71.79%。陽性率居于前五位的致敏原分別為：硫酸鎳16例(23.53%)、卡巴混合物15例(22.06%)、氯化鈷14例(20.59%)、硫柳汞11例(16.18%)、重鉻酸鉀10例(14.71%)手部濕疹組主要致敏原依次為：卡巴混合物、硫酸鎳、重鉻酸鉀、硫柳汞、Cl+Me-異噻唑啉酮、對苯二胺。軀干四肢濕疹組主要致敏原依次為：硫酸鎳、氯化鈷、卡巴混合物、硫柳汞、Cl+Me-異噻唑啉酮、對苯二胺。手部濕疹組中卡巴混合物的陽性率明顯高于軀干四肢組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05)。在男性患者中環(huán)氧樹脂和巰基苯并噻唑兩者陽性率明顯高于女性患者,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05)。女性患者中夸特-15的陽性率高于男性患者,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05)。斑貼試驗(yàn)陽性率在不同年齡組間無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。 【結(jié)論】硫酸鎳、卡巴混合物、氯化鈷、硫柳汞、重鉻酸鉀可能是濕疹最主要致敏原。斑貼實(shí)驗(yàn)對明確濕疹接觸性致敏原及日常防護(hù)有重要意義。
[Abstract]:[objective] to study the differences of major allergens and patch test in eczema patients by sex, site and age. [methods] 68 cases of eczema diagnosed in the dermatology department of Huashan Hospital were collected the detailed clinical history and patch test. All cases were divided into hand eczema group and trunk and limb eczema group according to the site of skin rash. According to sex and age, the positive rates of various allergen patch tests were studied in different groups. Chi-square test and fisher accurate probability method were used to determine the statistical significance of the differences between groups. Using SAS 9.2 statistical software. [results] among 68 cases, 53 cases were positive for patch test, the total positive rate was 77.94, including 25 cases of hand eczema, 86 cases of positive rate, 28 cases of trunk and limb eczema, the positive rate of 71.79 measures. The positive rates of nickel sulfate in 16 cases (23.53%), carbamates mixture in 15 cases (22.06%), cobalt chloride in 14 cases (20.59%), thiomersal in 11 cases (16.18%), the positive rates of the first five allergens were: nickel sulfate in 16 cases (23.53%). The main allergens in 10 cases (14.71%) of hand eczema were carbapa mixture, nickel sulfate, potassium dichromate, thiomersal, Cl Me- isothiazolone and p-phenylenediamine. The main allergens in trunk and limb eczema group were nickel sulfate, cobalt chloride, carbapa mixture, thiomersal, Cl Me- isothiazolinone and p-phenylenediamine. The positive rate of carbapa mixture in hand eczema group was significantly higher than that in trunk and limbs group (P0.05). The positive rate of epoxy resin and mercaptobenzothiazole in male patients was significantly higher than that in female patients (P0.05). The positive rate of Quat-15 in female patients was higher than that in male patients, the difference was statistically significant (P0.05). The positive rate of patch test was not statistically significant among different age groups. [conclusion] Nickel sulfate, carbapa mixture, cobalt chloride, thiomersal and potassium dichromate may be the main allergens in eczema. Patch test is of great significance in identifying contact allergens and daily protection of eczema.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：復(fù)旦大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：R758.23

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