發(fā)布時間：2018-06-21 16:08

  本文選題：花粉 + 真菌��； 參考：《華中科技大學(xué)》2011年博士論文

【摘要】：目的調(diào)查武漢市氣傳花粉和真菌的種類和飄散規(guī)律及武漢市過敏性疾病患者的過敏原分布情況,并探討花粉濃度對過敏性鼻炎患者臨床癥狀及抗過敏治療效果的影響。 方法2010年1月至2011年1月期間,采用Rotorod容量法采樣器每日進(jìn)行氣傳花粉和真菌曝片,計(jì)數(shù)每日花粉和真菌的種類和數(shù)量；對2010年1月至2010年12月在我科就診的1945例過敏性疾病患者進(jìn)行過敏原皮膚點(diǎn)刺試驗(yàn),記錄結(jié)果并進(jìn)行臨床分析；在法國梧桐花粉播散期,選擇30例梧桐花粉過敏的季節(jié)性過敏性鼻炎患者為試驗(yàn)組,同時選擇30例塵螨過敏的過敏性鼻炎患者作為對照組,每日口服氯雷他定片10毫克,連用28天,5例法國梧桐花粉過敏患者未予治療隨訪完整個花粉季節(jié),所有過敏性鼻炎患者每天均記錄過敏性鼻炎癥狀。 結(jié)果：(1)全年監(jiān)測到花粉種類44種,武漢市氣傳花粉飄散高峰期在春季3-4月份和秋季9-10月份,春季花粉以樹類花粉如�？�、懸鈴木屬花粉為主,秋季花粉以草類花粉蒿草、凬草、豚草花粉為主；(2)全年監(jiān)測到真菌種類47種,武漢市氣傳真菌飄散高峰期在春季3-5月份和秋季8-10月份,武漢市最常見的氣傳真菌為芽枝菌、黑粉菌、鏈格孢霉、小球腔菌和附球菌。(3)1945例患者中,過敏原檢查陽性率為67.04%,最常見的過敏原為塵螨和蟑螂�；ǚ圻^敏的比例為9.46%,真菌過敏的比例為7.20%。過敏性鼻炎合并哮喘、過敏性鼻炎、支氣管哮喘的過敏原檢查陽性率分別為84.88%、76.69%和73.91%,蕁麻疹、濕疹/特應(yīng)性皮炎的過敏原檢查陽性率分別為39.22%和39.60%。(4)法國梧桐花粉濃度在200粒/m3以下時,花粉濃度與法國梧桐花粉過敏性鼻炎患者癥狀積分顯著相關(guān)；花粉播散期法國梧桐花粉過敏性鼻炎患者的癥狀積分高于塵螨過敏性鼻炎患者,而在花粉播散期過后,法國梧桐花粉過敏性鼻炎患者的癥狀積分要低于塵螨過敏性鼻炎患者。 結(jié)論：本研究明確了武漢市氣傳花粉和真菌的種類和季節(jié)性特征,對本地區(qū)花粉和真菌相關(guān)的過敏性疾病的防治提供了參考資料；塵螨、蟑螂、花粉和真菌是武漢市過敏性疾病患者的最常見過敏原,呼吸道過敏性疾病的過敏原陽性檢出率高于皮膚過敏性疾��；花粉濃度對過敏性鼻炎抗過敏治療效果有重要影響,在對過敏性鼻炎治療藥物的效果進(jìn)行評價時,應(yīng)同時對相關(guān)過敏原如花粉等進(jìn)行監(jiān)測。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the types and patterns of airborne pollen and fungi in Wuhan and the distribution of allergens in patients with allergic diseases in Wuhan, and to explore the effect of pollen concentration on the clinical symptoms and antiallergic effects of allergic rhinitis.
Methods from January 2010 to January 2011, the Rotorod volumetric sampler was used for daily pollen and fungal aeration to count the types and quantities of daily pollen and fungi. The allergen skin skin prick test was carried out in 1945 patients with allergic diseases from January 2010 to December 2010, and the results were recorded and clinical analyzed. In the period of the parasol pollen dissemination in France, 30 cases of allergic rhinitis with allergic Rhus pollen allergy were selected as the experimental group, and 30 allergic rhinitis patients with allergy to dust mite were selected as the control group. 10 mg of Loratadine Tablets was taken daily for 28 days, and 5 cases of Chinese parasol powder allergy were not treated in the whole pollen season. All allergic rhinitis patients have symptoms of allergic rhinitis every day.
Results: (1) 44 kinds of pollen species were monitored throughout the year. The peak period of pollen dispersal in Wuhan was in spring 3-4 and autumn 9-10. In spring, pollen was dominated by tree pollen, such as Morus, and Artemisia Artemisia, herbage and ragweed in autumn. (2) 47 species of fungi were monitored and Wuhan gas facsimile was monitored in the year. The peak period was in the spring 3-5 months and the autumn 8-10 months. The most common gas borne fungi in Wuhan were buds, powdery mildew, cyclosporin, mylmaria, and Streptococcus. (3) the positive rate of allergen was 67.04%, the most common allergy was dust mites and cockroaches. The proportion of pollen allergy was 9.46%, and the proportion of fungal allergy was 7. .20%. the positive rates of allergic rhinitis with asthma, allergic rhinitis, and bronchial asthma were 84.88%, 76.69% and 73.91%, urticaria, and eczema / atopic dermatitis were 39.22% and 39.60%. (4), respectively, when the pollen concentration of French parasol was below 200 /m3, and the pollen concentration and the anaphylaxis of Chinese parasol pollen The symptom score of the patients with rhinitis was significantly correlated, and the symptom scores of the anaphylactic rhinitis patients in the stage of pollen dissemination were higher than those of the dust mite allergic rhinitis, and the symptom score of the anaphylactic rhinitis in French parasol pollen was lower than that of the allergic rhinitis patients after the pollen dissemination period.
Conclusion: This study provides a reference for the prevention and control of anaphylactic diseases related to pollen and fungi in Wuhan. Dust mites, cockroaches, pollen and fungi are the most common anaphylaxis in patients with allergic diseases in Wuhan and allergen positive detection of respiratory allergic diseases. The rate of anaphylaxis is higher than that of skin allergic diseases; pollen concentration has an important effect on the antiallergic effect of allergic rhinitis. When the effect of allergic rhinitis is evaluated, the related allergen, such as pollen, should be monitored at the same time.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：R758.2;R765.21

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本文編號：2049401