本文選題：化妝品 + 化妝品皮炎��； 參考：《天津醫(yī)科大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著我國經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展,人民生活水平的逐步提高,越來越多的人民群眾開始注重自身的容貌的修飾。不論男女老少,都希望呈現(xiàn)出整潔的外表,所以越來越多的人開始使用化妝品,發(fā)揚自身優(yōu)點,補救缺陷,改善生活質(zhì)量。隨著化妝品的廣泛應(yīng)用,化妝品皮炎的患病率逐年升高,因此應(yīng)提高對化妝品及化妝品皮炎的認(rèn)識。研究目的:通過對天津地區(qū)不同人群調(diào)查,了解本地區(qū)人群化妝品皮炎的患病率,化妝品使用習(xí)慣及人們對化妝品皮炎相關(guān)知識了解的狀況,總結(jié)出不同種類化妝品的不良反應(yīng)發(fā)生率,尋找影響化妝品皮炎發(fā)病的危險因素及預(yù)防措施,從而指導(dǎo)人們化妝品使用、減少化妝品皮炎的發(fā)病。方法:2014年8月至2016年1月通過在天津醫(yī)科大學(xué)總醫(yī)院門診、天津市公安醫(yī)院門診、天津醫(yī)科大學(xué)及南開大學(xué)在校學(xué)生、居委會及企事業(yè)單位、政府機關(guān)發(fā)放問卷調(diào)查表的方式,對被調(diào)查者的個人資料、化妝品的使用及過敏情況、對化妝品及化妝品皮炎的認(rèn)知情況等相關(guān)內(nèi)容進行調(diào)查,共發(fā)放問卷2000份,有效問卷1961份,進行統(tǒng)計分析。結(jié)果:在接受調(diào)查的天津地區(qū)化妝品使用者中,化妝品皮炎的患病率達到27.79%。日常使用化妝品的女性為100%。年齡在30歲~及35歲~的女性所占比例最大,分別為23.20%和19.21%。公司職員、自由職業(yè)、事業(yè)單位人員排在前三位,分別為27.84%、21.20%、15.81%。月收入在3000-7000元的化妝品使用者最多,占總的化妝品使用人數(shù)的49.71%。在日常使用的化妝品中,最常用的是進口品牌(2514種),國產(chǎn)品牌次之(1923種),無批準(zhǔn)文號者最少(168種);在使用種類方面,最常用的化妝品為普通護膚類(1852種),其次為清潔類(1020種)、防曬類(640種)、彩妝類(512種)�？梢芍旅舻幕瘖y品種類共954種,包括國產(chǎn)品牌439種,進口品牌368種,其中排在前四位的分別是:護膚類為311種(32.60%),彩妝類153種(16.04%),清潔類126種(13.21%),防曬類100種(10.48%)。此外,有147例可疑致敏化妝品是無批準(zhǔn)文號產(chǎn)品(包括美容院自制產(chǎn)品)。天津地區(qū)的化妝品使用者,以咨詢朋友、網(wǎng)絡(luò)、電視或廣播為獲得化妝品、化妝品皮炎知識的主要途徑,獲取相關(guān)知識的途徑比較有限,應(yīng)實施多種形式、多種渠道的相關(guān)教育。大部分化妝品過敏者均使用國產(chǎn)、進口品牌中有批準(zhǔn)文號的化妝品。使用國產(chǎn)化妝品的過敏率比使用進口化妝品的過敏率高。化妝品過敏者的皮膚表現(xiàn):主要為急性皮炎,皮疹主要以紅斑、丘疹、水腫為主,少數(shù)表現(xiàn)為慢性皮炎,表現(xiàn)為色素沉著、色素脫失等�？捎刑弁础W、燒灼感。在536名化妝品過敏者中,未做過斑貼試驗的高達占92.16%,而做過斑貼實驗的僅占7.84%。說明應(yīng)加強在人群中宣傳斑貼實驗實施的必要性。性別是化妝品皮炎患病的獨立影響因素,女性化妝品使用者較男性使用者患化妝品皮炎的風(fēng)險更大,差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義。化妝品的使用頻率中,每天均用的人,占45.26%,經(jīng)常使用的占15.55%,偶爾使用的占39.19%,化妝品皮炎患者使用頻率高的比例顯著高于非化妝品皮炎患者。有1177名化妝品使用者會同時使用多種化妝品,占61.02%,有397例化妝品皮炎患者同時使用2種或2種以上化妝品�；瘖y品皮炎患者使用化妝品種類要顯著多于非化妝品皮炎人群。化妝品皮炎患者的皮膚類型分布為:混合型為247例,占46.08%;油性為61例,占11.38%;干性為100例,占18.66%;中性為44例,占8.21%,表明混合型皮膚類型的患者最多。在研究人群中,化妝品皮炎患病的危險因素主要包括性別、皮膚類型、使用頻率、混合使用情況。按性別分層分析發(fā)現(xiàn),混合使用情況是男性患化妝品皮炎的危險性因素,皮膚類型、使用頻率是女性患化妝品皮炎的危險性因素。結(jié)論:1.在接受調(diào)查的天津地區(qū)化妝品使用者中,化妝品皮炎的患病率達到27.79%。調(diào)查結(jié)果顯著高于門診確診的化妝品皮炎患者數(shù)量,應(yīng)提醒化妝品過敏者及時就醫(yī)。2.在536名化妝品過敏者中,未做過斑貼試驗而明確診斷的占92.16%,而做過斑貼實驗的僅占7.84%。說明應(yīng)加強在人群中宣傳斑貼試驗。3.天津地區(qū)的化妝品使用者,以咨詢朋友、網(wǎng)絡(luò)、電視或廣播為獲得化妝品、化妝品皮炎知識的主要途徑,獲取化妝品及化妝品皮炎的相關(guān)知識的途徑比較有限。對化妝品使用者應(yīng)實施多種形式、多種渠道的相關(guān)健康教育。4.在研究人群中,化妝品皮炎患病的危險因素主要包括性別、皮膚類型、使用頻率、混合使用情況。按性別分層分析發(fā)現(xiàn),混合使用情況是男性患化妝品皮炎的危險性因素,皮膚類型、使用頻率是女性患化妝品皮炎的危險性因素。
[Abstract]:With the development of our country's economy and the gradual improvement of the people's living standard, more and more people begin to pay attention to their appearance modification. No matter whether men or women or young or old, they are hoping to show a clean appearance. So more and more people begin to use cosmetics, develop their own advantages, remedy defects and improve the quality of life. The prevalence of cosmetic dermatitis increased year by year. Therefore, the understanding of cosmetics and cosmetic dermatitis should be improved. Objective: to understand the prevalence rate of cosmetic dermatitis in the local population, the use habits of cosmetics and the knowledge about the dermatitis related to cosmetics in Tianjin area. The incidence of adverse reactions of kinds of cosmetics, to find out the risk factors and preventive measures affecting the incidence of cosmetic dermatitis, so as to guide the use of cosmetics and reduce the incidence of cosmetic dermatitis. Methods: from August 2014 to January 2016, through the outpatient clinic in General Hospital Affiliated to Tianjin Medical University, the Medical University Of Tianjin and south open. University students, residents' committees and enterprises and enterprises, government organs issued questionnaires, investigated the personal data of the respondents, the use and allergies of cosmetics, and the cognition of cosmetics and cosmetic dermatitis. A total of 2000 questionnaires were issued, 1961 valid questionnaires were analyzed. The results were as follows: Among the cosmetics users in Tianjin area, the prevalence of cosmetic dermatitis in women with 27.79%. daily use of cosmetics was the largest in women aged 30 and 35 years old, 23.20% and 19.21%. employees, freelance and institutions in the top three, 27.84%, 21.20%, 15.81%., respectively. The most commonly used cosmetics users with a monthly income of 3000-7000 yuan, accounting for the total number of cosmetics used by 49.71%. in the daily use of cosmetics, the most commonly used are imported brands (2514), domestic brands the second (1923), the least (168) without the approval number; in the use of species, the most commonly used cosmetics (1852 kinds), followed by the common cosmetics. For cleaning (1020), sunscreen (640), cosmetics (512), 954 species of suspicious sensitized cosmetics, including 439 domestic brands and 368 imported brands, among which the top four are 311 (32.60%), 153 cosmetics (16.04%), 126 cleaning (13.21%), and sunscreen 100 species (10.48%). In addition, there are suspicious cases. Sensitized cosmetics are no approval number products (including homemade products of beauty salon). Cosmetics users in Tianjin area are the main way to obtain cosmetics and cosmetic dermatitis by consulting friends, network, television or radio. The ways to obtain relevant knowledge are limited, and many forms and various channels should be implemented. Cosmetics allergy allergies are all used in China, and there are some cosmetics in the imported brands. The allergy rate of domestic cosmetics is higher than that of imported cosmetics. The skin manifestations of cosmetic allergic people are mainly acute dermatitis, the rash is mainly erythema, papules, edema, and the few are chronic dermatitis, and the color is pigmented and color. There is pain, pruritus, and burning sensation. Among 536 cosmetic allergies, Gao Dazhan 92.16%, which has not been tested by patch test, only accounts for the necessity of promoting the implementation of patch testing in the crowd. Sex is an independent influence factor of cosmetic dermatitis and female cosmetic users are more than men. The risk of cosmetic dermatitis is greater and the difference is statistically significant. In the frequency of cosmetic use, people use 45.26%, often use 15.55%, occasionally use 39.19%, and the proportion of cosmetic dermatitis patients is higher than non cosmetic dermatitis. 1177 cosmetics users will simultaneously make use of cosmetic dermatitis Using a variety of cosmetics, accounting for 61.02%, 397 cosmetic dermatitis patients are using 2 or more than 2 kinds of cosmetics. Cosmetic dermatitis patients use cosmetics more than non cosmetic dermatitis. The distribution of skin types in cosmetic dermatitis patients is: mixed type is 247 cases, 46.08%, 61 cases, 11.38%, and 100 cases, accounting for 100 cases. 18.66%, neutrality was 44 cases, accounting for 8.21%, which showed that the patients with mixed skin type were the most. In the study population, the risk factors of cosmetic dermatitis included sex, skin type, frequency of use, and mixed use. The sex stratification analysis found that the mixed use was a risk factor for cosmetic dermatitis in men, and the skin type, The frequency of use is a risk factor for cosmetic dermatitis in women. Conclusion: 1. among the cosmetics users in Tianjin area, the prevalence of cosmetic dermatitis was significantly higher than the number of cosmetic dermatitis patients diagnosed by 27.79%.. It should be reminded that cosmetic allergers were hospitalized in time for 536 cosmetic allergies. No spot patch test accounted for 92.16% of the definite diagnosis, while only 7.84%., which did patch test, indicated that the cosmetics users in the Tianjin area should be strengthened in the crowd,.3., to consult friends, network, television or radio as the main way to obtain cosmetics and cosmetic dermatitis, and to obtain cosmetic and cosmetic dermatitis. The approaches to related knowledge are limited. For cosmetics users, multiple forms and multiple channels of health education.4. are used in the study population. The risk factors for cosmetic dermatitis include gender, skin type, frequency of use, and mixed use. The risk factors for dermatitis, skin type and frequency of use are risk factors for cosmetic dermatitis in women.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津醫(yī)科大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：R758.2

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