本文選題：藥疹 + 致敏藥物　； 參考：《新疆醫(yī)科大學(xué)》2010年碩士論文

【摘要】： 目的:探討藥疹的致病藥物、臨床特征及治療相關(guān)因素。方法:回顧性分析177例藥疹患者臨床資料,按型別、致敏藥物分類,比較重癥與非重癥藥疹患者及不同類型重癥藥疹的年齡、性別、過敏史、潛伏期、發(fā)熱、粘膜損害、實驗室檢查、激素用量、住院天數(shù)、預(yù)后等有無差別。結(jié)果:重癥與非重癥藥疹患者相比在性別、年齡、過敏史、血常規(guī)方面的改變無顯著差異,在發(fā)熱、潛伏期、粘膜損害、住院天數(shù)、肝腎功能損害、激素治療劑量、預(yù)后方面等有顯著差異性;重癥類型藥疹之間相比在性別、年齡、發(fā)熱、潛伏期、血常規(guī)的改變、腎功能損害、激素治療劑量、預(yù)后方面均無顯著性差異,在發(fā)熱、粘膜損害、肝功能損害及住院天數(shù)方面有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義。重癥和非重癥藥疹病例中最常見的致敏藥物均是抗生素類、中藥及解熱鎮(zhèn)痛藥;重癥最常見的藥疹類型是重癥多型紅斑型、剝脫性皮炎型,引起以上兩種藥疹最常見的藥物是抗生素、解熱鎮(zhèn)痛藥等,輕癥以麻疹型或猩紅熱型藥疹、多形紅斑型藥疹、蕁麻疹型藥疹多見,引起以上三種藥疹最常見的藥物是抗生素、中藥等。結(jié)論:抗生素、中藥及解熱鎮(zhèn)痛藥是引起藥疹的常見致敏藥物,本文中中藥引起的藥疹例數(shù)多;重癥藥疹由抗癲癇藥、抗痛風(fēng)藥引起的越來越多,以重癥多型紅斑型藥疹為主;非重癥中以麻疹型藥疹為主,預(yù)后良好;重癥藥疹的系統(tǒng)性損害主要以肝臟、造血系統(tǒng)、腎臟為主,重要的是早期足量短程皮質(zhì)類固醇治療以減少死亡率。
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate the pathogenic drugs, clinical characteristics and treatment factors of drug eruption.Methods: the clinical data of 177 patients with drug eruption were retrospectively analyzed. The age, sex, allergic history, incubation period, fever and mucosal damage were compared between severe and non-severe drug rash patients and different types of severe drug rash patients.Laboratory examination, hormone dosage, length of stay, prognosis, etc.Results: there were no significant differences in sex, age, allergic history and blood routine between patients with severe and non-severe drug rash. The changes of fever, incubation period, mucosal damage, hospitalization days, liver and kidney function damage, dose of hormone treatment were not significant.There was no significant difference in sex, age, fever, incubation period, blood routine changes, renal function damage, dose of hormone therapy, prognosis between patients with severe drug rash, but there was no significant difference in fever and mucosal damage between patients with severe type of drug rash.Liver function damage and hospital stay were statistically significant.The most common drug sensitizers in severe and non-severe drug rash cases are antibiotics, traditional Chinese medicine and antipyretic analgesics. The most common types of drug eruption in severe cases are severe multiple erythema type, exfoliative dermatitis type.The most common drugs causing the above two drug rashes are antibiotics, antipyretic analgesics, etc. The mild symptoms are measles or scarlet fever drug rash, polymorphic erythema, urticaria drug rash, and the most common drugs that cause the above three drug rashes are antibiotics.Traditional Chinese medicine, etc.Conclusion: antibiotics, traditional Chinese medicine and antipyretic analgesics are common sensitizers for drug rash. In this paper, there are many cases of drug eruption caused by traditional Chinese medicine, more and more severe drug eruption caused by antiepileptic drugs and anti-gout drugs, mainly severe multiple erythematous drug rash.In non-severe cases, measles drug eruption was the main drug rash with good prognosis, and the systemic damage of severe drug eruption was mainly liver, hematopoietic system, kidney, and it was important to reduce mortality by early sufficient short-term corticosteroid therapy.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：新疆醫(yī)科大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：R758.25

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