本文選題：骨質(zhì)疏松 + 絕經(jīng)后骨質(zhì)疏松�。� 參考：《吉林大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：目的： 很長的時(shí)間里，人們對于吸煙的危害還主要在于吸煙者自身，而事實(shí)上并不如此。因?yàn)椴⒉皇撬械臒熿F都直接進(jìn)了吸煙者的體內(nèi)，，很多人認(rèn)為其中大部分隨著呼出的二氧化碳被呼入到周圍的環(huán)境中被別人吸進(jìn)去，被動(dòng)吸煙對人們的健康危害越來越明顯尤其是對絕經(jīng)后女性。被動(dòng)吸煙可能會(huì)加速絕經(jīng)女性骨代謝，使骨質(zhì)疏松提前出現(xiàn)，希望通過動(dòng)物實(shí)驗(yàn)研究提供理論依據(jù)。 方法： 將40只Wister大白鼠隨機(jī)分成4組,A組：假手術(shù)；B組：去勢模型；C組：被動(dòng)吸煙；D組：去勢+被動(dòng)吸煙。分別于實(shí)驗(yàn)1個(gè)月、2個(gè)月和3個(gè)月后測量大鼠代謝生化指標(biāo)：尿鈣及尿肌酐并計(jì)算出Ca/Cr比值、血清骨鈣素；骨密度測量,行組間對比。 結(jié)果: 實(shí)驗(yàn)1個(gè)月：B組、與A組、C組骨密度、骨鈣素及尿Ca/Cr無差異（p0.05）；D組與A組、B組、C組骨密度、骨鈣素及尿Ca/Cr有差異（p0.05）；實(shí)驗(yàn)2個(gè)月:B組與D組大鼠骨密有差異（p0.05）； B組與A、C組骨密度、骨鈣素及尿Ca/Cr有差異（p0.05）； D組與A、C組在骨密度、骨鈣素及尿Ca/Cr有差異（p0.05）；實(shí)驗(yàn)3個(gè)月：B、D之間在骨密度、骨鈣素及尿Ca/Cr均有差異（p0.05）；同時(shí)B組在骨密度、骨鈣素及尿Ca/Cr方面顯著大于D組； 結(jié)論： 1、去勢大鼠給予被動(dòng)吸煙，比單獨(dú)去勢及單獨(dú)給予被動(dòng)吸煙更早出現(xiàn)骨代謝及骨密度變化，證實(shí)去勢大鼠骨密度及骨代謝生化指標(biāo)對被動(dòng)吸煙更敏感。被動(dòng)吸煙行為使去勢大鼠比不被動(dòng)吸煙者更早出現(xiàn)骨質(zhì)疏松。即絕經(jīng)后女性的被動(dòng)吸煙，使其更早出現(xiàn)骨質(zhì)疏松2、被動(dòng)吸煙行為與絕經(jīng)后骨質(zhì)疏松有時(shí)間——效應(yīng)相關(guān)性，實(shí)驗(yàn)3個(gè)月時(shí)，被動(dòng)吸煙行為的去勢大鼠比不吸煙去勢大鼠骨質(zhì)疏松的嚴(yán)重程度，比實(shí)驗(yàn)1個(gè)月時(shí)更嚴(yán)重。提示絕經(jīng)后被動(dòng)吸煙時(shí)間越長，骨質(zhì)疏松的程度越嚴(yán)重。
[Abstract]:Objective: For a long time, the danger of smoking was mainly in the smoker himself, but not in fact. Because not all the smoke goes directly into the body of the smoker, many people think that most of it is breathed into the surrounding environment with the exhalation of carbon dioxide being sucked in by others. Passive smoking is more and more harmful to people's health, especially to postmenopausal women. Passive smoking may accelerate bone metabolism in menopausal women and make osteoporosis appear earlier. Methods: Forty Wister rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: sham operation group B: castrated model group C: passive smoking group D: castrated passive smoking group. After 1 month, 2 months and 3 months, the biochemical indexes of rat metabolism were measured: urine calcium and creatinine, the ratio of Ca/Cr, serum osteocalcin, bone mineral density, and the comparison between the two groups. Results: There was no difference in bone mineral density (BMD), osteocalcin and urinary Ca/Cr between group B and group A (1 month), and there was no difference in bone mineral density (BMD) between group D and group A (P 0.05). There was a significant difference in bone density between group B (n = 2) and group D (n = 2), and bone density between group B and group D (n = 2). There were significant differences in bone mineral density (BMD), osteocalcin (BGP) and urinary Ca/Cr (P 0.05) between group D and group A (P 0.05), and there were differences in bone mineral density (BMD), osteocalcin (BGP) and urinary Ca/Cr (P 0.05) between group D and group A (3 months), while in group B (group B), bone mineral density (BMD) was higher than that in group B (P < 0.05). Osteocalcin and urinary Ca/Cr were significantly higher in group D than in group D. Conclusion: 1. The changes of bone metabolism and bone mineral density in ovariectomized rats were earlier than those in ovariectomized rats. It was confirmed that bone mineral density and biochemical indexes of bone metabolism were more sensitive to passive smoking in ovariectomized rats. Passive smoking resulted in osteoporosis in ovariectomized rats earlier than in non-passive smokers. That is, passive smoking in postmenopausal women made them appear osteoporosis 2 earlier. Passive smoking behavior had a time-effect correlation with postmenopausal osteoporosis, and at 3 months of experiment, there was a time-effect correlation between passive smoking behavior and postmenopausal osteoporosis. The severity of osteoporosis in ovariectomized rats with passive smoking behavior was more serious than that in non-smoking castration rats. It suggested that the longer the passive smoking time after menopause, the more serious osteoporosis.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：R580

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