【摘要】：膀胱腫瘤是泌尿系統(tǒng)中最常見的腫瘤，在世界范圍內(nèi)也是一種常見惡性腫瘤，在美國的發(fā)病率居男性第四位，女性的第九位。在我國，男性膀胱癌的發(fā)病率位居全身惡性腫瘤的第八位，女性排第十二位以后，男性的發(fā)病率為女性的3-4倍。城鎮(zhèn)居民的膀胱癌發(fā)病率明顯高于農(nóng)村居民。膀胱惡性腫瘤按來源可分為：尿路上皮癌90%；鱗狀細胞癌1～7%；腺癌2%。在尿路上皮癌中，75～85%是非肌層浸潤性膀胱癌[4-8]。根據(jù)國際抗癌協(xié)會2009年第七版TNM分期法，將原位癌（Tis),非浸潤性乳頭狀癌(Ta),腫瘤侵及上皮下結(jié)締組織(T1)劃分為非肌層浸潤性膀胱癌，，由于非肌層浸潤性膀胱癌又具有易復(fù)發(fā)的特性，Ta期患者3年內(nèi)復(fù)發(fā)率約50%~70%，約5%可發(fā)展為浸潤性癌，而T1期3年內(nèi)約有80%的患者復(fù)發(fā)，發(fā)展為浸潤性癌的概率則高達50%，所以，如何更好的治療非浸潤性膀胱癌一直以來都是廣大醫(yī)務(wù)工作者的一項重要課題。本文通過對比的方法對經(jīng)尿道膀胱腫瘤電切術(shù)（TURBT）及經(jīng)尿道膀胱腫瘤鈥激光切除術(shù)（HOLRBT）在適應(yīng)癥、工作原理、技術(shù)方法、療效及術(shù)后并發(fā)癥等方面的研究進展進行綜述，分析二者在臨床應(yīng)用上的優(yōu)劣勢，并提出前景展望。
[Abstract]:Bladder tumor is the most common tumor in the urinary system. It is also a common malignant tumor in the world. The incidence of bladder cancer in the United States is the fourth in men and the ninth in women. In China, the incidence of bladder cancer in men ranks eighth in malignant tumors of the whole body, and after ranking 12th in women, the incidence of bladder cancer in men is 4 times higher than that in women. The incidence of bladder cancer in urban residents was significantly higher than that in rural residents. Malignant tumors of the bladder can be classified into: urothelial carcinoma 90%; squamous cell carcinoma 1-7%; Adenocarcinoma 2%. In urothelial carcinoma, 75 / 85% were non-muscular invasive bladder cancer [4 / 8]. According to the TNM staging method of the seventh edition of the International Anti-Cancer Association in 2009, (Ta), tumor invading subepithelial connective tissue (T1) of carcinoma in situ is classified as non-muscular invasive bladder cancer. As non-muscular invasive bladder cancer is also prone to recurrence, the recurrence rate of Ta patients within 3 years is about 50% and 70%, and about 5% can develop into invasive carcinoma, while in T1 stage, 80% of the patients recur within 3 years, and the recurrence rate of non-invasive bladder cancer is about 50% and 70% within 3 years. The probability of developing invasive cancer is as high as 50%. Therefore, how to better treat non-invasive bladder cancer has always been an important topic for medical workers. In this paper, the research progress of transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) and transurethral resection of bladder tumor (HOLRBT) in the aspects of indication, working principle, technical method, curative effect and postoperative complications were reviewed. The advantages and disadvantages of the two methods in clinical application were analyzed, and the prospect was put forward.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蚌埠醫(yī)學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：R737.14

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