【摘要】：膀胱癌是泌尿系統(tǒng)常見(jiàn)惡性腫瘤,高危非肌層浸潤(rùn)性膀胱癌(NMIBC)的治療是目前臨床中的主要難點(diǎn)之一,早期診斷、個(gè)體化治療并加強(qiáng)隨訪對(duì)改善患者預(yù)后具有十分重要的意義。手術(shù)配合輔助性膀胱灌注治療是治療高危NMIBC的首選方案,手術(shù)治療包括經(jīng)尿道膀胱腫瘤電切術(shù)(TURBT)、經(jīng)尿道激光手術(shù)、Ⅱ期根治性膀胱切除術(shù)、光動(dòng)力學(xué)輔助TURBT和熒光膀胱鏡輔助TURBT等;輔助性膀胱灌注治療包括膀胱灌注免疫治療和膀胱灌注化療,術(shù)后膀胱灌注化療和免疫治療有利于改善高危NMIBC患者的預(yù)后水平,但在灌注治療中對(duì)于藥物、時(shí)機(jī)、療程、劑量的選擇目前尚存爭(zhēng)議。近年來(lái),隨著精準(zhǔn)醫(yī)療和轉(zhuǎn)化醫(yī)學(xué)的發(fā)展,又涌現(xiàn)了基因治療、靶向治療等精準(zhǔn)治療手段。
[Abstract]:Bladder cancer is a common malignant tumor of urinary system. The treatment of high risk non-myometrial invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) is one of the main difficulties in clinical practice. Early diagnosis, individualized treatment and enhanced follow-up are of great significance to improve the prognosis of patients. Surgery combined with adjuvant bladder perfusion therapy is the first choice in the treatment of high risk NMIBC. The surgical treatment includes transurethral resection of bladder tumor by (TURBT), transurethral laser surgery and stage 鈪，

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