右美托咪定混合低濃度羅哌卡因用于腹橫肌平面阻滯
發(fā)布時(shí)間:2019-03-20 20:52
【摘要】:目的: 腹橫肌平面阻滯可用于下腹部手術(shù),如在腹腔鏡下行結(jié)直腸癌根治術(shù)。腹橫肌平面阻滯用于手術(shù)后病人鎮(zhèn)痛,通常需要雙側(cè)阻滯,阻滯藥的容量較大,一般需40-60ml,通常的局麻藥濃度、劑量存在局麻藥中毒的潛在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。本研究觀察混合應(yīng)用右美托咪定時(shí),是否可以在確保鎮(zhèn)痛效果的同時(shí)以減低局麻藥濃度的方式減少局麻藥的用量,以減少局麻藥的毒性反應(yīng),提高麻醉的安全性。 方法: 選擇60例擇期全麻下行腹腔鏡結(jié)直腸癌根治術(shù)的患者,美國(guó)麻醉醫(yī)師協(xié)會(huì)(ASA)分級(jí)Ⅰ~Ⅲ級(jí),性別不限,年齡18~80歲,體重45~90kg。采用隨機(jī)數(shù)字表法,將患者分成三組:0.19%羅哌卡因組(19R組)、0.19%羅哌卡因右美組(19RD組)與0.25%羅哌卡因組(25R組),每組20例。手術(shù)結(jié)束送復(fù)蘇室(PACU)后,行超聲引導(dǎo)下雙側(cè)腹橫肌平面阻滯,每組注射60m1藥物。藥物分別為0.19%羅哌卡因+生理鹽水(19R組)、0.19%羅哌卡因+50ug右美(19RD組)、0.25%羅哌卡因+生理鹽水(25R組)。所有患者術(shù)后均使用舒芬太尼靜脈自控鎮(zhèn)痛(PCA)。比較三組患者術(shù)后2h(T1)、4h(T2)、8h(T3)、12h (T4)、24h (T5)的Ramsay鎮(zhèn)靜評(píng)分、靜息痛、咳嗽痛評(píng)分(VAS評(píng)分);記錄術(shù)后三組患者第一次需求PCA距離手術(shù)結(jié)束時(shí)間,觀察患者48h仍為按壓,以48h計(jì)(T);24h內(nèi)鎮(zhèn)痛泵藥物使用總量(V),患者PCA有效按壓次數(shù)(D1)、PCA實(shí)際按壓次數(shù)(D2);三組患者12h、24h內(nèi)未按壓鎮(zhèn)痛泵的人數(shù);不良反應(yīng)發(fā)生的例數(shù)及術(shù)后鎮(zhèn)痛滿意度評(píng)分。 結(jié)果: 三組患者不同時(shí)點(diǎn)的Ramsay鎮(zhèn)靜評(píng)分比較差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05);與19RD組和25R組相比,19R組靜息時(shí)VAS評(píng)分在T1、T2、T3、T4時(shí)明顯增高(P0.05),19R組咳嗽時(shí)VAS評(píng)分在T1、T2、T3時(shí)明顯增高(P0.05)。三組患者靜息時(shí)VAS評(píng)分在T5時(shí)比較差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05);三組患者咳嗽時(shí)VAS評(píng)分在T4、T5時(shí)比較差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05)。19R組患者第一次按壓鎮(zhèn)痛泵距離手術(shù)結(jié)束時(shí)間(T)較19RD組和25R組縮短,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05);19R組患者24h舒芬太尼總用量(V)、PCA有效按壓次數(shù)(D1)與PCA實(shí)際按壓次數(shù)(D2)均高于19RD組和25R組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05);與19RD組和25R組相比,19R組患者術(shù)后12小時(shí)與24小時(shí)鎮(zhèn)痛泵未按壓人數(shù)減少。而19RD組與25R組比較,均無顯著差異;19R組患者鎮(zhèn)痛滿意度評(píng)分低于19RD組和25R組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05);19R組發(fā)生惡心3例、嘔吐1例、尿潴留1例;19RD組發(fā)生惡心3例;25R組發(fā)生惡心2例、嘔吐1例(組間比較差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義);三組均無穿刺部位血腫、感染及皮膚瘙癢、呼吸抑制、等不良反應(yīng)的發(fā)生。 結(jié)論: 在超聲引導(dǎo)下50ug右美托咪定可增強(qiáng)低濃度(0.19%)羅哌卡因用于腹橫肌平面阻滯的鎮(zhèn)痛效果,達(dá)到與0.25%羅哌卡因相當(dāng)?shù)逆?zhèn)痛效果,對(duì)腹腔鏡結(jié)直腸癌根治術(shù)患者能提供有效鎮(zhèn)痛,從而減少局麻藥中毒的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。
[Abstract]:Objective: transabdominal plane block can be used in lower abdominal surgery, such as laparoscopic radical resection of colorectal cancer. Abdominal horizontal block for postoperative analgesia usually requires bilateral block and the volume of blocker is large. It usually needs 40 渭 60ml local anesthetic concentration and there is a potential risk of local anesthetic poisoning in dose. In order to reduce the toxic reaction of local anesthetic and improve the safety of anesthesia, this study was to observe whether the combination of dexmetomidine could reduce the dosage of local anesthetic in a way of reducing the local anesthetic concentration while ensuring the analgesic effect. Methods: sixty patients undergoing laparoscopic radical resection of colorectal cancer under elective general anesthesia were enrolled in this study. The American Association of anesthesiologists (ASA) grade 鈪,
本文編號(hào):2444622
[Abstract]:Objective: transabdominal plane block can be used in lower abdominal surgery, such as laparoscopic radical resection of colorectal cancer. Abdominal horizontal block for postoperative analgesia usually requires bilateral block and the volume of blocker is large. It usually needs 40 渭 60ml local anesthetic concentration and there is a potential risk of local anesthetic poisoning in dose. In order to reduce the toxic reaction of local anesthetic and improve the safety of anesthesia, this study was to observe whether the combination of dexmetomidine could reduce the dosage of local anesthetic in a way of reducing the local anesthetic concentration while ensuring the analgesic effect. Methods: sixty patients undergoing laparoscopic radical resection of colorectal cancer under elective general anesthesia were enrolled in this study. The American Association of anesthesiologists (ASA) grade 鈪,
本文編號(hào):2444622
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