Hc可視喉鏡與Macintosh喉鏡應用于模擬困難氣道的臨床研究
發(fā)布時間:2018-12-06 17:42
【摘要】:目的: 為臨床困難氣道處理的培訓提供有效工具,本研究使用充氣型頸托固定器評價使普通氣道變成困難氣道的可行性及效果;以及觀察Hc可視喉鏡應用于模擬困難氣道患者氣管插管時的有效性和安全性. 方法: 1.預試驗,自愿的原則下,征集女性自愿者100名,記錄年齡,體重指數(shù)(BMI),使用改進充氣型頸托固定器測量在其無不適感下最大充氣量,并計算壓力值均數(shù)。 2.選擇2012年5月-2013年1月需全麻氣管插管接受婦科腹腔鏡的病人60例,年齡18-60歲,體重指數(shù)18~26kg/m2,ASA分級Ⅰ~Ⅱ級,術(shù)前得到患者同意并簽知情同意書,術(shù)前一天術(shù)前訪視時進行氣道評估,記錄張口度。均采用靜吸復合全身麻醉。 病人有面罩通氣困難或可預見的困難氣管插管者均排除,另外有困難氣管插管史者也排除。隨機分為2組:H組(Hc可視喉鏡組)和M組(Macintosh喉鏡組)(n=30)。均采用靜吸復合全身麻醉,患者進入手術(shù)室后連接監(jiān)護儀,平臥休息后,靜吸復合全麻使用頸托固定器,以此前預試驗壓力值充氣,模擬困難氣道,測量此時張口度。 3.喉鏡氣管插管 兩組分別使用Hc可視喉鏡和Macintosh喉鏡進行氣管插管,并同時采取Cormack-Lehane標準進行喉部暴露情況評級,每例病人在保證通氣和良好的脈搏氧飽和度下最多被允許插管兩次,或者當麻醉醫(yī)生認為再試插一次對病人會有危險時,則要去除頸托固定器,使用直接喉鏡進行氣管插管。記錄插管成功時間及試插管次數(shù)。記錄氣管插管前,最佳顯露聲門時,氣管導管插入即刻,氣管導管插入后1min,2min,3min的MAP,HR及術(shù)后咽喉部疼痛不適及創(chuàng)傷 結(jié)果: 1.使用充氣型頸托固定器模擬困難氣道患者患者張口度變小有統(tǒng)計學意義(P0.05) 2.模擬困難氣道患者聲門暴露分級(Cormack-Lehane標準),與Macintosh喉鏡相比,Hc可視喉鏡可以降低聲門分級級別,Hc可視喉鏡能提供更好的聲門暴露情況 3.H組插管成功率高于M組,插管時間兩組間無顯著差異。 4.最佳顯露聲門時,氣管導管插入即刻,氣管導管插入后lmin血流動力學波動,H組波動小于M組,有統(tǒng)計學意義(p0.05) 5.M組有11例(36.7%)患者出現(xiàn)拔管后咽喉痛,H組的3例(10%),有統(tǒng)計學意義p0.05并M組有4例(13.3%)氣管導管帶血,發(fā)生率明顯高于H組的0例(p0.05),疼痛與咽部粘膜出血于術(shù)后第2天緩解及康復。兩組患者均無其他重大不良事件發(fā)生。 結(jié)論: 應用充氣型頸托固定器模擬困難氣道是安全有效的;與Macintosh喉鏡相比,Hc可視喉鏡應用于模擬困難氣道,可以降低聲門暴露(Cormack-Lehane標準)分級并改善視野,插管成功率高,對血流動力學影響小,咽喉部并發(fā)癥少。
[Abstract]:Objective: to provide an effective tool for the training of clinical difficult airway management. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and effect of making the common airway into a difficult airway by using an inflatable cervical fixator. To observe the efficacy and safety of Hc visual laryngoscope in tracheal intubation in simulated difficult airway patients. Methods: 1. On a voluntary basis, 100 female volunteers were recruited to record their age and body mass index (BMI), using an improved inflatable cervical fixator to measure the maximum volume of inflation without discomfort, and to calculate the mean value of pressure. 2. From May 2012 to January 2013, 60 patients, aged 18-60 years, who needed general anesthesia and endotracheal intubation to undergo gynecologic laparoscopy were selected. The body mass index (BMI) was 18 ~ 26kg / m ~ (2) ASA grade 鈪,
本文編號:2366409
[Abstract]:Objective: to provide an effective tool for the training of clinical difficult airway management. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and effect of making the common airway into a difficult airway by using an inflatable cervical fixator. To observe the efficacy and safety of Hc visual laryngoscope in tracheal intubation in simulated difficult airway patients. Methods: 1. On a voluntary basis, 100 female volunteers were recruited to record their age and body mass index (BMI), using an improved inflatable cervical fixator to measure the maximum volume of inflation without discomfort, and to calculate the mean value of pressure. 2. From May 2012 to January 2013, 60 patients, aged 18-60 years, who needed general anesthesia and endotracheal intubation to undergo gynecologic laparoscopy were selected. The body mass index (BMI) was 18 ~ 26kg / m ~ (2) ASA grade 鈪,
本文編號:2366409
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