Hc可視喉鏡與Macintosh喉鏡應(yīng)用于模擬困難氣道的臨床研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間:2018-12-06 17:42
【摘要】:目的: 為臨床困難氣道處理的培訓(xùn)提供有效工具,本研究使用充氣型頸托固定器評(píng)價(jià)使普通氣道變成困難氣道的可行性及效果;以及觀察Hc可視喉鏡應(yīng)用于模擬困難氣道患者氣管插管時(shí)的有效性和安全性. 方法: 1.預(yù)試驗(yàn),自愿的原則下,征集女性自愿者100名,記錄年齡,體重指數(shù)(BMI),使用改進(jìn)充氣型頸托固定器測(cè)量在其無(wú)不適感下最大充氣量,并計(jì)算壓力值均數(shù)。 2.選擇2012年5月-2013年1月需全麻氣管插管接受婦科腹腔鏡的病人60例,年齡18-60歲,體重指數(shù)18~26kg/m2,ASA分級(jí)Ⅰ~Ⅱ級(jí),術(shù)前得到患者同意并簽知情同意書(shū),術(shù)前一天術(shù)前訪視時(shí)進(jìn)行氣道評(píng)估,記錄張口度。均采用靜吸復(fù)合全身麻醉。 病人有面罩通氣困難或可預(yù)見(jiàn)的困難氣管插管者均排除,另外有困難氣管插管史者也排除。隨機(jī)分為2組:H組(Hc可視喉鏡組)和M組(Macintosh喉鏡組)(n=30)。均采用靜吸復(fù)合全身麻醉,患者進(jìn)入手術(shù)室后連接監(jiān)護(hù)儀,平臥休息后,靜吸復(fù)合全麻使用頸托固定器,以此前預(yù)試驗(yàn)壓力值充氣,模擬困難氣道,測(cè)量此時(shí)張口度。 3.喉鏡氣管插管 兩組分別使用Hc可視喉鏡和Macintosh喉鏡進(jìn)行氣管插管,并同時(shí)采取Cormack-Lehane標(biāo)準(zhǔn)進(jìn)行喉部暴露情況評(píng)級(jí),每例病人在保證通氣和良好的脈搏氧飽和度下最多被允許插管兩次,或者當(dāng)麻醉醫(yī)生認(rèn)為再試插一次對(duì)病人會(huì)有危險(xiǎn)時(shí),則要去除頸托固定器,使用直接喉鏡進(jìn)行氣管插管。記錄插管成功時(shí)間及試插管次數(shù)。記錄氣管插管前,最佳顯露聲門(mén)時(shí),氣管導(dǎo)管插入即刻,氣管導(dǎo)管插入后1min,2min,3min的MAP,HR及術(shù)后咽喉部疼痛不適及創(chuàng)傷 結(jié)果: 1.使用充氣型頸托固定器模擬困難氣道患者患者張口度變小有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05) 2.模擬困難氣道患者聲門(mén)暴露分級(jí)(Cormack-Lehane標(biāo)準(zhǔn)),與Macintosh喉鏡相比,Hc可視喉鏡可以降低聲門(mén)分級(jí)級(jí)別,Hc可視喉鏡能提供更好的聲門(mén)暴露情況 3.H組插管成功率高于M組,插管時(shí)間兩組間無(wú)顯著差異。 4.最佳顯露聲門(mén)時(shí),氣管導(dǎo)管插入即刻,氣管導(dǎo)管插入后lmin血流動(dòng)力學(xué)波動(dòng),H組波動(dòng)小于M組,有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(p0.05) 5.M組有11例(36.7%)患者出現(xiàn)拔管后咽喉痛,H組的3例(10%),有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義p0.05并M組有4例(13.3%)氣管導(dǎo)管帶血,發(fā)生率明顯高于H組的0例(p0.05),疼痛與咽部粘膜出血于術(shù)后第2天緩解及康復(fù)。兩組患者均無(wú)其他重大不良事件發(fā)生。 結(jié)論: 應(yīng)用充氣型頸托固定器模擬困難氣道是安全有效的;與Macintosh喉鏡相比,Hc可視喉鏡應(yīng)用于模擬困難氣道,可以降低聲門(mén)暴露(Cormack-Lehane標(biāo)準(zhǔn))分級(jí)并改善視野,插管成功率高,對(duì)血流動(dòng)力學(xué)影響小,咽喉部并發(fā)癥少。
[Abstract]:Objective: to provide an effective tool for the training of clinical difficult airway management. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and effect of making the common airway into a difficult airway by using an inflatable cervical fixator. To observe the efficacy and safety of Hc visual laryngoscope in tracheal intubation in simulated difficult airway patients. Methods: 1. On a voluntary basis, 100 female volunteers were recruited to record their age and body mass index (BMI), using an improved inflatable cervical fixator to measure the maximum volume of inflation without discomfort, and to calculate the mean value of pressure. 2. From May 2012 to January 2013, 60 patients, aged 18-60 years, who needed general anesthesia and endotracheal intubation to undergo gynecologic laparoscopy were selected. The body mass index (BMI) was 18 ~ 26kg / m ~ (2) ASA grade 鈪,
本文編號(hào):2366409
[Abstract]:Objective: to provide an effective tool for the training of clinical difficult airway management. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and effect of making the common airway into a difficult airway by using an inflatable cervical fixator. To observe the efficacy and safety of Hc visual laryngoscope in tracheal intubation in simulated difficult airway patients. Methods: 1. On a voluntary basis, 100 female volunteers were recruited to record their age and body mass index (BMI), using an improved inflatable cervical fixator to measure the maximum volume of inflation without discomfort, and to calculate the mean value of pressure. 2. From May 2012 to January 2013, 60 patients, aged 18-60 years, who needed general anesthesia and endotracheal intubation to undergo gynecologic laparoscopy were selected. The body mass index (BMI) was 18 ~ 26kg / m ~ (2) ASA grade 鈪,
本文編號(hào):2366409
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