可實施表面麻醉的氣管插管的制作與臨床應用
發(fā)布時間:2018-07-23 12:36
【摘要】:目的:探討可實施表面麻醉的氣管插管的制作和臨床應用。制作方法:我們增加了一根向聲門下注藥的導管,與氣囊的注氣管在同一個凹槽內(nèi)下行,在套囊的近端設一排出藥孔,局麻藥注入時,呈噴射狀出藥,,對聲門下產(chǎn)生局部麻醉作用,全麻結(jié)束時,可以最大限度減淺麻醉,讓病人蘇醒,而應激反應低,氣道梗阻發(fā)生機率低,尤其是喉痙攣、支氣管痙攣的發(fā)生機率降低。 方法:通過2個試驗對表面麻醉的可行性和安全性進行驗證,分別為:試驗一擇期腹部手術(shù)60例,ASAⅡ級,無心律失常史,ECG均提示有心肌缺血或不同程度的左心室擴大、ST-T改變。隨機分為表麻組(B組)和對照組(D組),每組30例。表麻組通過局麻藥注藥口把局部麻醉藥通過局麻藥注藥管、局麻藥出藥孔注至氣管插管上的套囊與患者聲帶之間的患者氣管和聲帶表面起到表面麻醉作用。試驗二選擇需要做全麻手術(shù)的患者40例,隨機分為表麻組和對照組各20例。全麻患者符合拔管指征時,表麻組通過導管推注利多卡因,對照組則用氯化鈉。 結(jié)果:試驗一HR、SBP、DBP、RPP在B組T3、T4、T5時與T1比較無顯著性差異(P0.05),與T2比較各指標顯著降低(P0.05),與D組比較亦顯著降低(P0.05,P0.01)。D組在吸痰拔管時有4例病人因SBP大于200mmHg各用烏拉地爾12.5mg,B組未出現(xiàn)此種情況。試驗二表麻組Ⅰ組在T1時與T3、T4、T5時比較RPP、DBP、SBP、HR值無顯著性差異(P0.05),與T2比較各指標則明顯降低(P0.05),與Ⅱ組比較則有顯著的降低(P0.01,P0.05)。 結(jié)論:可實施表面麻醉的氣管插管的制作和臨床應用可行,且麻醉效果良好,能最大限度減少麻醉所帶來的并發(fā)癥,大大減輕了病人的痛苦。在全麻拔管時是一種較為實用的方法。
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate the preparation and clinical application of tracheal intubation with surface anesthesia. How to make it: we add a tube to the glottis, which goes down in the same groove as the air bag's injection pipe, and has a discharge hole in the proximal end of the capsule. When the local anesthetic is injected, the drug is sprayed. At the end of general anesthesia, the local anesthesia can be reduced to the maximum extent and the patient can wake up, but the stress response is low, the probability of airway obstruction is low, especially the laryngeal spasm, the occurrence rate of bronchospasm is reduced. Methods: the feasibility and safety of surface anesthesia were verified by two tests. The results were as follows: in trial 1, 60 patients with ASA 鈪
本文編號:2139431
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate the preparation and clinical application of tracheal intubation with surface anesthesia. How to make it: we add a tube to the glottis, which goes down in the same groove as the air bag's injection pipe, and has a discharge hole in the proximal end of the capsule. When the local anesthetic is injected, the drug is sprayed. At the end of general anesthesia, the local anesthesia can be reduced to the maximum extent and the patient can wake up, but the stress response is low, the probability of airway obstruction is low, especially the laryngeal spasm, the occurrence rate of bronchospasm is reduced. Methods: the feasibility and safety of surface anesthesia were verified by two tests. The results were as follows: in trial 1, 60 patients with ASA 鈪
本文編號:2139431
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