留置不同人工氣道長期機械通氣患者的病因探討及并發(fā)癥的差異性分析
發(fā)布時間:2019-06-16 15:57
【摘要】:目的 探討長期機械通氣的原因,比較留置不同人工氣道的長期機械通氣患者并發(fā)癥、住院死亡率及生存時間的差異性,分析兩組患者主要并發(fā)癥的原因、防治方式及合理有效地人工氣道的選擇、管理方法。 方法 回顧性分析我院2007年3月~2012年3月間125例長期機械通氣患者(21d)的病歷資料,探討長期機械通氣的原因,并根據(jù)人工氣道的不同分為經(jīng)鼻氣管插管組及氣管切開組,其中經(jīng)鼻氣管插管組76例,氣管切開組49例,對兩組患者的并發(fā)癥發(fā)生率、住院死亡率及生存時間做統(tǒng)計學(xué)分析,比較兩組之間的差異性。 結(jié)果 1.兩組間性別,年齡,,留置人工氣道時呼吸衰竭類型、急性生理學(xué)及慢性健康狀態(tài)評分(APACHEⅡ評分)均無統(tǒng)計學(xué)差異。 2.兩組患者長期機械通氣的原因,肺部疾病占56.80%,神經(jīng)肌肉疾病、腦血管意外、心臟疾病、多器官功能衰竭、心理因素、外科術(shù)后分別占9.60%、9.60%、8.80%、8.00%、4.80%、2.40%。 3.與氣管切開組患者比較,經(jīng)鼻氣管插管組患者鼻竇炎的發(fā)生率顯著高,為13.15%,差異具有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(χ2=4.59,P0.05)。經(jīng)鼻氣管插管組和氣管切開組的其他并發(fā)癥的發(fā)生率分別為:呼吸機相關(guān)性肺炎32.89%vs28.57%,χ2=0.26,P=0.61;氣管食管瘺2.63%vs2.04%,χ2=0.04,P=0.83;氣管狹窄1.31%vs4.08%,χ2=0.97,P=0.32;氣管軟化1.31%vs6.12%,χ2=2.22,P=0.14;氣管內(nèi)出血1.31%vs2.04%,χ2=0.10,P=0.75;套管堵塞1.31%vs2.04%,χ2=0.10,P=0.75;差異均無統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義。 4.兩組患者比較,經(jīng)鼻氣管插管組患者死亡39例,死亡率為51.32%,平均生存時間163.37±26.16天,氣管切開組患者死亡15例,死亡率30.61%,平均生存時間378.79±97.80天,P0.05,差異具有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義。 結(jié)論 1.長期機械通氣的原因,以肺部疾病為主,神經(jīng)肌肉疾病、腦血管意外、心臟疾病、多器官功能衰竭、外科術(shù)后、心理因素也占據(jù)一定的比例。 2.與氣管切開組患者比較,長期留置經(jīng)鼻氣管插管組患者鼻竇炎發(fā)生率顯著升高;呼吸機相關(guān)性肺炎、氣管食管瘺、氣管狹窄、氣管軟化、氣管內(nèi)出血、套管堵塞等并發(fā)癥發(fā)生率在兩組間無顯著性差異。 3.相比較于經(jīng)鼻氣管插管組患者,氣管切開組患者死亡率較低,生存時間較長。 4.對于長期機械通氣的患者,做好留置人工氣道方式的選擇,對于減少患者鼻竇炎的發(fā)生,延長生存時間,降低死亡率具有重要的意義。
[Abstract]:Objective to explore the causes of long-term mechanical ventilation, compare the complications, hospitalization mortality and survival time of patients with long-term mechanical ventilation with different artificial airways, and analyze the causes of main complications, prevention and treatment methods, reasonable and effective selection and management of artificial airway between the two groups. Methods the medical records of 125 patients with long-term mechanical ventilation from March 2007 to March 2012 in our hospital were analyzed retrospectively. the causes of long-term mechanical ventilation were discussed. According to the difference of artificial airway, the patients were divided into nasal trachea intubation group (76 cases) and tracheotomy group (49 cases). The incidence of complications, hospitalization mortality and survival time of the two groups were statistically analyzed. The differences between the two groups were compared. Result 1. There was no significant difference in sex, age, respiratory failure type, acute physiology and chronic health status score (APACHE II score) between the two groups. two銆
本文編號:2500652
[Abstract]:Objective to explore the causes of long-term mechanical ventilation, compare the complications, hospitalization mortality and survival time of patients with long-term mechanical ventilation with different artificial airways, and analyze the causes of main complications, prevention and treatment methods, reasonable and effective selection and management of artificial airway between the two groups. Methods the medical records of 125 patients with long-term mechanical ventilation from March 2007 to March 2012 in our hospital were analyzed retrospectively. the causes of long-term mechanical ventilation were discussed. According to the difference of artificial airway, the patients were divided into nasal trachea intubation group (76 cases) and tracheotomy group (49 cases). The incidence of complications, hospitalization mortality and survival time of the two groups were statistically analyzed. The differences between the two groups were compared. Result 1. There was no significant difference in sex, age, respiratory failure type, acute physiology and chronic health status score (APACHE II score) between the two groups. two銆
本文編號:2500652
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