【摘要】：目的通過對2011-2015年衡陽市新診斷的塵肺病例數(shù)據(jù)分析,了解塵肺病發(fā)病特征,為該市塵肺病防治工作的開展提供參考依據(jù)。方法通過中國疾病預防控制系統(tǒng)子系統(tǒng)"健康危害因素監(jiān)測信息系統(tǒng)"獲取近5年衡陽市新診斷的塵肺病例數(shù)據(jù),用描述統(tǒng)計法對塵肺發(fā)病特征進行相關(guān)分析。結(jié)果共收集塵肺病例522例,行業(yè)分布主要集中在煤礦開采與洗選業(yè),占整個塵肺病例總數(shù)的67.05%(350例);病例工種以主采煤工、主進掘工、鑿巖工為主,分別占整個塵肺病例數(shù)的53.64%(280例)、16.48%(86例)、12.26%(64例);企業(yè)規(guī)模分布以小型企業(yè)為主,占整個塵肺病例數(shù)的79.10%(413例)。塵肺患者平均接塵工齡為(17.77±9.01)年,平均發(fā)病年齡為(51.53±7.06)歲;接塵工齡主要集中在5~25年,占70.69%(369例);發(fā)病年齡主要集中在45~60歲,占69.54%(363例);隨著接塵工齡和發(fā)病年齡的增大,塵肺患病期別有晉升的趨勢。結(jié)論衡陽市新診斷塵肺病例主要集中在煤礦開采業(yè),以主采煤工發(fā)病最為嚴重;企業(yè)分布主要集中在小企業(yè)。應(yīng)加強煤礦企業(yè)和小規(guī)模企業(yè)的衛(wèi)生管理工作,盡可能的減少塵肺病的發(fā)生。
[Abstract]:Aim to analyze the data of newly diagnosed pneumoconiosis cases in Hengyang City from 2011 to 2015, so as to find out the characteristics of pneumoconiosis and provide reference for the prevention and treatment of pneumoconiosis in Hengyang City. Methods the data of newly diagnosed pneumoconiosis cases in Hengyang city in recent 5 years were obtained by the monitoring information system of health hazard factors of Chinese disease prevention and control system, and the incidence characteristics of pneumoconiosis were analyzed by descriptive statistics. Results 522 cases of pneumoconiosis were collected. The industrial distribution was mainly in coal mine mining and washing, accounting for 67.05% (350 cases) of the total number of pneumoconiosis cases. The main coal miners, main diggers and rock drills accounted for 53.64% (280 cases), 16.48% (86 cases) and 12.26% (64 cases) of pneumoconiosis cases respectively. Small-scale enterprises account for 79.10% (413 cases) of pneumoconiosis cases. The average age of dust exposure in pneumoconiosis patients was (17.77 鹵9.01) years and the mean age of onset was (51.53 鹵7.06) years, and the age of dust exposure was mainly in 5 ~ 25 years, accounting for 70.69% (369 cases). The age of onset of pneumoconiosis was mainly in 45-60 years old (69.54%), and there was a tendency of promotion in the stage of pneumoconiosis with the age of dust exposure and the age of onset of pneumoconiosis increased. Conclusion the newly diagnosed pneumoconiosis cases in Hengyang city are mainly concentrated in the coal mining industry, and the main coal miners are the most serious, and the distribution of the enterprises is mainly concentrated in the small enterprises. The health management of coal mining enterprises and small enterprises should be strengthened to reduce the incidence of pneumoconiosis as much as possible.
【作者單位】： 南華大學公共衛(wèi)生學院;衡陽市疾病預防控制中心;南華大學附屬南華醫(yī)院;
【基金】：國家自然科學基金資助項目(項目編號:81272994)
【分類號】：R135.2

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