本文選題：氣道上皮細(xì)胞 + 呼吸道病毒　； 參考：《解放軍醫(yī)學(xué)雜志》2017年10期

【摘要】：氣道是人體與外界交流的重要通道,每天人體經(jīng)氣道吸入空氣可達(dá)10 000~20 000升,因此不可避免地需要與環(huán)境中大量的致病微生物長期接觸。與"職業(yè)型(professional)"免疫細(xì)胞類似,氣道上皮細(xì)胞(AECs)具有天然免疫功能,能偵測病原體(如不同種屬的呼吸道病毒)的入侵并迅速產(chǎn)生宿主免疫反應(yīng)。近年來的研究發(fā)現(xiàn),為避免慢性炎癥和維持免疫穩(wěn)態(tài),作為"非職業(yè)型(non-professional)"免疫細(xì)胞的AECs具有重要的調(diào)控氣道局部免疫力的功能,這些功能包括:(1)AECs可高水平表達(dá)模式識別受體(PRRs),又稱病原相關(guān)模式(PAMP),如Toll樣受體家族(TLRs)、維A酸誘導(dǎo)基因Ⅰ(RIG-Ⅰ)樣受體等,這些受體的存在使得AECs具有靈敏的病原偵測功能。(2)AECs通過調(diào)節(jié)天然免疫反應(yīng)的靈敏度,發(fā)揮天然免疫和獲得性免疫的調(diào)節(jié)器作用,在氣道微環(huán)境中通過與"職業(yè)型"免疫細(xì)胞的互相作用,使針對病原體的宿主免疫反應(yīng)達(dá)到可控的程度。(3)AECs免疫調(diào)節(jié)功能的缺失或破壞可能引起慢性氣道炎癥性疾病的發(fā)生和發(fā)展。本綜述聚焦AECs如何通過直接作用和間接作用調(diào)控氣道免疫能力,應(yīng)對呼吸道病毒這一類重要的氣道病原體感染,并著重闡明由于AECs調(diào)控機(jī)制的缺失和改變導(dǎo)致氣道黏膜免疫功能失調(diào)和炎癥(如急性和慢性鼻-鼻竇炎)的機(jī)制。
[Abstract]:The airway is an important channel for the human body to communicate with the outside world. It can inhale 10 000 ~ 20 000 liters of air through the airway every day, so it is inevitable to contact a large number of pathogenic microorganisms in the environment for a long time. Similar to the "occupational type" immune cells, the airway epithelial cells (AECs) have innate immune function, which can detect the invasion of pathogens (such as respiratory viruses of different species) and produce host immune response rapidly. In recent years, it has been found that, in order to avoid chronic inflammation and maintain immune homeostasis, AECs, as a non-occupational non-professionary immune cell, plays an important role in regulating airway local immunity. These functions include the high level expression of AECs, also known as pathogen-associated patterns, such as Toll receptor family TLRsN, retinoic acid-inducible gene 鈪，

本文編號：1990707