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  本文關(guān)鍵詞：北京市某社區(qū)40歲以上人群COPD患病率及漏診情況調(diào)查　出處：《新鄉(xiāng)醫(yī)學(xué)院》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 發(fā)病率 漏診率 調(diào)查問卷 肺功能 慢性阻塞性肺疾病

【摘要】：背景和目的近年來慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)發(fā)病率呈逐年增高的趨勢,吸煙、空氣污染、職業(yè)粉塵接觸是導(dǎo)致COPD的主要危險因素。COPD早期及時診斷對COPD的及時治療及愈后尤為重要,但實際中,多數(shù)COPD患者是在出現(xiàn)明顯臨床癥狀后才得以診斷,此時多數(shù)患者的肺功能已明顯受損,為其臨床治療帶來很大困難。COPD早期診斷困難,漏診率高,一直是影響其愈后的難題。為了解北京地區(qū)40歲以上人群COPD的患病率、漏診率及影響COPD患病及漏診的因素而展開本調(diào)查。方法選擇北京市懷柔區(qū)橋梓鎮(zhèn)鐵路社區(qū)40歲以上戶籍人口作為觀察對象,通過問卷調(diào)查及肺功能測定確定COPD患病率及漏診率,同時分析不同因素對COPD患病率及漏診率的影響。結(jié)果該社區(qū)40歲以上戶籍人口629人,601人參加居委會組織的體檢,最終納入本研究的觀察者525人。結(jié)果顯示75例被診斷為COPD,COPD患病率為14.29%,其中中度以上患者占85.33%;COPD的漏診率為30.67%。COPD患病與下列因素有關(guān):性別、吸煙史、童年呼吸系統(tǒng)病史;年齡對于COPD的患病無明顯影響;女性、受教育程度低、不吸煙、年齡較小者更容易被漏診。結(jié)論北京市懷柔區(qū)橋梓鎮(zhèn)鐵路社區(qū)40歲以上人群中COPD患病率為14.29%,COPD的漏診率約為30.67%。男性、吸煙史、童年呼吸系統(tǒng)病史更容易發(fā)展為COPD,年齡對于COPD的發(fā)病無明顯作用。女性、受教育程度低、不吸煙、年齡較小者更容易被漏診。
[Abstract]:Background and objective in recent years, the incidence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has been increasing year by year, smoking and air pollution. Occupational dust exposure is the main risk factor leading to COPD. Early and timely diagnosis of COPD is particularly important for timely treatment and recovery of COPD, but in practice. Most of the COPD patients were diagnosed only after the obvious clinical symptoms. At this time, the pulmonary function of most patients has been obviously damaged, which brings great difficulties to their clinical treatment. The early diagnosis of COPD is difficult, and the rate of missed diagnosis is high. In order to understand the prevalence of COPD in the population over 40 years of age in Beijing. The rate of missed diagnosis and the factors affecting the prevalence and missed diagnosis of COPD were investigated. Methods the population over 40 years of age in railway community of Qiaozi Town Huairou District Beijing was selected as the object of observation. The prevalence rate and missed diagnosis rate of COPD were determined by questionnaire and lung function test. At the same time, the influence of different factors on the prevalence and missed diagnosis rate of COPD was analyzed. Results 629 residents over 40 years old in this community were registered. A total of 601 people took part in the physical examination organized by the residents' committee, and finally, 525 observers were enrolled in this study. The results showed that the prevalence of COPD was 14.29% in 75 patients diagnosed as COPDD. More than moderate patients accounted for 85.33; The missed diagnosis rate of COPD was 30.67. The prevalence of COPD was related to the following factors: sex, history of smoking, history of childhood respiratory system; Age had no significant effect on the prevalence of COPD. Women with low education, no smoking and younger age were more likely to miss diagnosis. Conclusion the prevalence rate of COPD in railway community of Qiaozi Town, Huairou District, Beijing is 14.29%. The missed diagnosis rate of COPD is about 30.67. Male, smoking history, childhood respiratory history is easier to develop into COPD, age has no obvious effect on the onset of COPD. Female, low education level. Those who do not smoke are more likely to be missed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：新鄉(xiāng)醫(yī)學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：R563.9

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