【摘要】：目的在調(diào)查研究的基礎(chǔ)上深入分析孕婦運(yùn)動(dòng)行為的影響因素。方法采用問卷調(diào)查的形式分別對(duì)妊娠早、中、晚期各650、650、750名孕婦展開運(yùn)動(dòng)行為調(diào)查研究,采用結(jié)構(gòu)方程模型(structural equation modeling,SEM)進(jìn)行影響因素分析,模型中主要設(shè)置了四個(gè)潛變量,包括孕婦對(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)行為的態(tài)度、運(yùn)動(dòng)行為的主觀規(guī)范、運(yùn)動(dòng)行為意向以及運(yùn)動(dòng)行為,并分別針對(duì)4個(gè)潛變量設(shè)置了相應(yīng)的觀測(cè)變量。結(jié)果孕婦年齡集中在18~35歲;孕婦及其丈夫的文化程度均較高;孕婦的母親和婆婆的文化程度均偏低;孕期的主要照顧者是其母親,其次是丈夫。在出行方式上,妊娠早、中、晚期婦女分別以步行、坐公交車、專人接送為主;妊娠各期的主要運(yùn)動(dòng)方式均為散步;妊娠各期婦女均傾向于從事靜息型體力活動(dòng),運(yùn)動(dòng)強(qiáng)度越大,運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)間越少。結(jié)構(gòu)方程模型分析結(jié)果顯示,妊娠期婦女的運(yùn)動(dòng)行為受行為意向的影響(標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化回歸系數(shù)為0.372);行為態(tài)度和主觀規(guī)范通過影響行為意向而最終影響運(yùn)動(dòng)行為(標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化回歸系數(shù)分別為0.140及0.669)。結(jié)論妊娠各期孕婦的運(yùn)動(dòng)行為均不合理,運(yùn)動(dòng)形式單一,運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)間和強(qiáng)度不足。主觀行為規(guī)范通過對(duì)行為態(tài)度及行為意向的影響而間接影響孕婦的運(yùn)動(dòng)行為,提示應(yīng)加強(qiáng)對(duì)孕婦主要照顧者的健康教育。
[Abstract]:Objective To analyze the influencing factors of the exercise behavior of pregnant women on the basis of the investigation. Methods The movement behavior of 650,650 and 750 pregnant women in the early, middle and late stages of pregnancy were investigated in the form of questionnaire, and the influencing factors were analyzed by using the structural equation model (SEM). Four latent variables, including the attitude of the pregnant women to the exercise, were mainly set in the model. The subjective norm, the intention of the movement behavior and the movement behavior of the movement behavior, and the corresponding observation variables are set for the four latent variables, respectively. Results The age of pregnant women was in the range of 18 to 35 years; the degree of culture of pregnant women and their husbands was higher; the degree of the mother and mother-in-law of pregnant women was lower; the main caregivers during pregnancy were their mothers, followed by their husbands. In the mode of travel, in the early, middle and late stages of the pregnancy, the women in the early, middle and late stages of the pregnancy mainly take a walk, a bus and a special person to pick up the main body; the main movement mode of each stage of the pregnancy is for a walk; the women in each stage of the pregnancy tend to be engaged in the rest type of physical activity, the greater the exercise intensity, and the less the movement time. The results of the structural equation model show that the movement behavior of the pregnant women is influenced by the behavior intention (the standardized regression coefficient is 0.372), and the behavior attitude and the subjective norm ultimately influence the movement behavior by influencing the behavior intention (the normalized regression coefficient is 0.140 and 0.669, respectively). Conclusion The exercise behavior of pregnant women in each stage of pregnancy is not reasonable, the movement pattern is single, the movement time and the intensity are insufficient. The subjective code of conduct indirectly affects the movement behavior of the pregnant woman through the influence of the behavior attitude and the behavior intention, and it is suggested that the health education of the main carers of the pregnant women should be strengthened.
【作者單位】： 四川大學(xué)華西第二醫(yī)院出生缺陷與相關(guān)婦兒疾病教育部重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室;
【基金】：四川大學(xué)課題(12H0794)
【分類號(hào)】：R715.3

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