本文關(guān)鍵詞： 孕婦 健康教育 妊娠結(jié)局　出處：《山西醫(yī)科大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：研究目的:通過對接受孕期健康教育和未接受孕期健康教育兩組孕婦的足月妊娠體重指數(shù)、并發(fā)癥發(fā)生情況、分娩方式、產(chǎn)程時間、產(chǎn)后出血發(fā)生率、新生兒Apgar評分、巨大兒出生率及產(chǎn)后24小時母乳喂養(yǎng)率進(jìn)行對比分析,評估孕期健康教育對妊娠結(jié)局的影響,為孕婦學(xué)校的開展提供有力依據(jù),為增進(jìn)母嬰健康提供參考依據(jù),保障孕婦健康及新生兒質(zhì)量,實(shí)現(xiàn)安全分娩和優(yōu)生優(yōu)育。研究方法:選取山西醫(yī)科大學(xué)第一醫(yī)院2015年06月至2016年06月自愿接受孕婦學(xué)校健康教育且于我院住院分娩的符合入選標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的孕婦411例作為觀察組,選取同時間段未接受孕期健康教育且于我院住院分娩的符合入選標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的孕婦406例作為對照組。入選標(biāo)準(zhǔn)為:(1)年齡為20-35歲;(2)身高為155-175cm;(3)分娩孕周為37-42周;(4)均為初產(chǎn)婦;(5)均為單胎、頭位;(6)孕前無合并癥及并發(fā)癥;(7)受教育程度為初中及以上。排除標(biāo)準(zhǔn)為:精神障礙及脊柱畸形、骨盆畸形等患者。對兩組孕婦的足月妊娠體重指數(shù)、并發(fā)癥發(fā)生情況、分娩方式、產(chǎn)程時間、產(chǎn)后出血發(fā)生率、新生兒Apgar評分、巨大兒出生率及產(chǎn)后24小時母乳喂養(yǎng)率進(jìn)行比較,評估孕婦接受孕期健康教育對妊娠結(jié)局的影響。結(jié)果:(1)兩組孕婦足月妊娠體重指數(shù)比較接受健康教育組孕婦足月妊娠體重指數(shù)明低于未接受孕期健康教育組,兩組比較差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P0.05)。(2)兩組孕婦并發(fā)癥發(fā)生情況比較接受孕期健康教育組孕婦發(fā)生貧血、妊娠期糖尿病、妊娠期高血壓疾病的發(fā)生率明顯低于未接受健康教育組,兩組比較差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(p0.05)。(3)兩組孕婦分娩方式情況比較接受健康教育組孕婦自然分娩率明顯高于未接受健康教育組,陰道助產(chǎn)率及剖宮產(chǎn)率明顯低于未接受健康教育組,兩組比較差異具有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(p0.05)。(4)兩組孕婦剖宮產(chǎn)原因比較接受孕期健康教育組剖宮產(chǎn)孕婦中,無醫(yī)學(xué)指征剖宮產(chǎn)(即社會因素剖宮產(chǎn))發(fā)生率低于未接受孕期健康教育組,兩組比較差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(p0.05)。(5)兩組孕婦產(chǎn)程時間情況比較接受孕期健康教育組孕婦第一產(chǎn)程時間、第二產(chǎn)程時間及總產(chǎn)程時間均短于對照組,兩組比較差異具有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(p0.05)。(6)兩組新生兒情況比較接受孕期健康教育組新生兒apgar評分小于8分者占1.95%,未接受孕期健康教育組占3.16%,兩組比較p0.05,無統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義;接受孕期健康教育組巨大兒占5.60%,未接受健康教育組巨大兒占8.27%,兩組比較p0.05,無統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義�？紤]可能與樣本含量少有關(guān),有待加大樣本量進(jìn)一步研究。(7)兩組孕婦產(chǎn)后出血及產(chǎn)后24小時母乳喂養(yǎng)情況比較接受健康教育組孕婦產(chǎn)后出血發(fā)生率低于對照組,兩組比較差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(p0.05)。接受健康教育組孕婦產(chǎn)后24小時母乳喂養(yǎng)率明顯高于對照組,兩組比較差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(p0.05)。結(jié)論:接受孕期健康教育可以改善妊娠結(jié)局:1.通過孕期健康指導(dǎo),可減少孕婦肥胖的發(fā)生,降低妊娠合并癥及并癥的發(fā)生。2.通過孕期健康教育可提高自然分娩率,降低剖宮產(chǎn)率,尤其是社會因素剖宮產(chǎn)。3.通過孕期健康教育能達(dá)到縮短產(chǎn)程,減少難產(chǎn)、助產(chǎn)及產(chǎn)后出血發(fā)生的目的。4.通過孕期健康教育可提高母乳喂養(yǎng)率。
[Abstract]:Objective: through the acceptance of health education during pregnancy and no pregnancy health education of two groups of pregnant women of full-term pregnancy body mass index, incidence of complications, mode of delivery, labor time, postpartum hemorrhage, neonatal Apgar score, postpartum 24 hours and the rate of breast feeding rate were analyzed macrosomia at birth, impact assessment of health education during pregnancy on pregnancy outcomes of pregnant women, provide a strong basis for the school, and to provide evidence to improve maternal and child health, the health of pregnant women and neonatal quality guarantee, to achieve safe delivery and eugenics. Research methods: the first hospital of Shanxi Medical University from 2015 06 to 2016 06 months pregnant and voluntarily accept the school health education in our hospital the selected 411 cases of pregnant women as the observation group, select the same period of time did not receive health education during pregnancy and childbirth in our hospital with Choose the standard 406 cases of pregnant women as the control group. Inclusion criteria were: (1) age 20-35; (2) the height of 155-175cm; (3) delivery 37-42 weeks of pregnancy; (4) were primipara; (5) were singleton, head position; (6) pregnancy without complications complications; (7) education for junior high school and above. The exclusion criteria were: mental disorders and deformity of the spine, pelvic deformity patients. The two groups of pregnant women of full-term pregnancy body mass index, incidence of complications, mode of delivery, labor time, postpartum hemorrhage, neonatal Apgar score, macrosomia birth rate and 24 hours postpartum breastfeeding rate were compared, to assess the effect of health education of pregnant women during pregnancy on pregnancy outcomes. Results: (1) the two groups of pregnant women of full-term pregnancy BMI compared to health education group of pregnant women of full-term pregnancy BMI than missed pregnancy Ming health education group, there was significant difference between two groups (P0.05) . (2) complications were compared between the two groups of pregnant women received health education during pregnancy pregnant women anemia, gestational diabetes, gestational hypertension disease incidence was significantly lower than that without health education group, there was significant difference between two groups (P0.05). (3) the two groups of pregnant women to receive health education mode of delivery the rate of natural childbirth group of pregnant women was significantly higher than that in non health education group, the rate of vaginal delivery and cesarean section were significantly lower than that of non health education group, with significant differences between the two groups (P0.05). (4) the two groups of pregnant women for cesarean section because of more accepted health education during pregnancy cesarean section in pregnant women, without medical means cesarean section (social factors of cesarean section) and lower incidence of not receiving health education during pregnancy group, there was significant difference between two groups (P0.05). (5) two groups of pregnant women in labor time compared with the pregnancy health education group. And the time of the first stage of labor, the second stage of labor time and the total labor time is shorter than the control group, with significant differences between the two groups (P0.05). (6) in two groups compared to accept health education during pregnancy group Apgar score less than 8 points accounted for 1.95%, non pregnancy health education group accounted for 3.16% the comparison between the two groups, P0.05, no statistical significance; prenatal health education group and macrosomia accounted for 5.60%, without health education group and macrosomia accounted for 8.27%, compared with two group P0.05, no statistical significance. Consideration may be less related to the sample content, to increase the sample size to further study. (7) two groups of pregnant women, postpartum hemorrhage and postpartum 24 hours of breastfeeding compared to health education group of pregnant women, the incidence of postpartum hemorrhage was lower than the control group, there was significant difference between two groups (P0.05). Health education group and 24 hours postpartum breastfeeding was significantly higher than that of control Group, there was significant difference between two groups (P0.05). Conclusion: health education can improve the pregnancy outcome in pregnancy: 1. through health education during pregnancy can reduce the occurrence of obesity in pregnant women, pregnancy complications and reduce the occurrence of.2. and disease through health education during pregnancy can improve the natural delivery rate, reduce the rate of cesarean section, especially is the social factors of cesarean section by.3. health education during pregnancy can shorten birth process, reduce dystocia, through health education during pregnancy can increase the breast-feeding rate of postpartum hemorrhage and.4. midwifery.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：山西醫(yī)科大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：R715.3

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