超聲造影評(píng)價(jià)狗胰腺損傷的相關(guān)實(shí)驗(yàn)研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間:2019-02-19 13:36
【摘要】:第一部分 狗胰腺損傷模型的建立 目的 通過(guò)超聲介導(dǎo)體外穿刺對(duì)狗胰腺進(jìn)行不同程度程度的損傷,建立狗胰腺外傷損傷模型,手術(shù)觀察建模的成功率,并對(duì)胰腺損傷進(jìn)行初步超聲觀察,為后續(xù)實(shí)驗(yàn)打下基礎(chǔ)。 方法 將80條濟(jì)南本地雜種犬分為四組,每組20只,分組后,組1進(jìn)行體外超聲介導(dǎo)穿刺胰腺,穿刺深度不超過(guò)胰腺厚度二分之一;迅速穿刺3-5次,組2進(jìn)行體外超聲介導(dǎo)穿刺;穿刺深度為胰腺厚度二分之一,迅速穿刺3-5次;組3進(jìn)行體外超聲介導(dǎo)穿刺,穿刺深度大于胰腺二分之一但不能貫穿胰腺,迅速穿刺3-5次;組4進(jìn)行體外超聲介導(dǎo)穿刺,穿刺深度貫穿胰腺。 穿刺完成后即進(jìn)行超聲觀察胰腺損傷結(jié)果,并手術(shù)觀察穿刺造模的準(zhǔn)確性。完成上述步驟后每組隨即去一只實(shí)驗(yàn)動(dòng)物處死,取病理,觀察損傷區(qū)域胰腺的病例結(jié)果。 結(jié)果 組1中造模成功的病例為17例,組2中造模成功的病例為16例,組3種造模成功的病例為19例,組4種造模成功的病例為19例。對(duì)于造模成功的病例,常規(guī)超聲在組1(即AAST胰腺損傷分級(jí)中的Ⅰ-Ⅱ級(jí))診斷率為35.29%,在組2(即AAST胰腺損傷分級(jí)中的Ⅲ級(jí))診斷率為56.25%,在組3(即AAST胰腺損傷分級(jí)中的Ⅳ級(jí))診斷率為63.15%,在組4(即AAST胰腺損傷分級(jí)中的Ⅴ級(jí))診斷率為100%。病例學(xué)檢查可見損傷的胰腺,胰腺損傷區(qū)內(nèi)腺泡結(jié)構(gòu)溶解、破壞,,實(shí)質(zhì)內(nèi)炎性細(xì)胞浸潤(rùn)明顯。 結(jié)論 本部分實(shí)驗(yàn)造模方式操作簡(jiǎn)單,可控性好,與臨床實(shí)際情況關(guān)聯(lián)性好,可以用于胰腺損傷的相關(guān)研究。 第二部分 超聲造影評(píng)價(jià)狗胰腺損傷實(shí)驗(yàn)研究 目的 本部分旨在通過(guò)超聲造影觀察胰腺損傷,并應(yīng)用AAST胰腺外傷損傷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)對(duì)胰腺外傷損傷進(jìn)行分級(jí),從而為臨床提供診療依據(jù)。 方法 在第一部分造模成功后,行常規(guī)超聲檢查并記錄檢查圖像,隨后隨即靜脈推注超聲造影劑,啟動(dòng)超聲造影模式,行超聲造影檢查,觀察每組中超聲造影對(duì)AAST胰腺損傷分級(jí)中的診斷率,并記錄超聲造影得出的胰腺損傷圖像,記錄圖像特征。對(duì)比常規(guī)超聲與超聲造影對(duì)于不同等級(jí)胰腺損傷的診斷率。 結(jié)果 Ⅰ組實(shí)驗(yàn)動(dòng)物胰腺損傷模型,即對(duì)應(yīng)AAST胰腺損傷分級(jí)中Ⅰ、Ⅱ級(jí)損傷的模型中,超聲造影診斷率為52.94%,超聲造影圖像顯示損傷區(qū)域位于胰腺表淺部,損傷區(qū)呈不均勻增強(qiáng),形態(tài)不規(guī)則,邊界模糊,與周圍胰腺組織分界欠清。Ⅱ組實(shí)驗(yàn)動(dòng)物胰腺損傷模型,即對(duì)應(yīng)AAST胰腺損傷分級(jí)中Ⅲ級(jí)損傷的模型中,超聲造影診斷率為75%,超聲造影圖像顯示損傷區(qū)域呈現(xiàn)低增強(qiáng),厚度可達(dá)胰腺厚度的二分之一,損傷區(qū)與周圍胰腺組織邊界清,胰腺未探及明顯回聲斷裂區(qū)。Ⅲ組實(shí)驗(yàn)動(dòng)物胰腺損傷模型,即對(duì)應(yīng)AAST胰腺損傷分級(jí)中的Ⅳ級(jí)損傷的模型,超聲造影診斷率為78.94%,超聲造影圖像顯示損傷區(qū)成低增強(qiáng),范圍尚不能貫穿整個(gè)胰腺,低增強(qiáng)區(qū)域邊界尚清,損傷區(qū)邊界區(qū)域呈低增強(qiáng)。Ⅳ組實(shí)驗(yàn)動(dòng)物胰腺損傷模型,即對(duì)應(yīng)AAST胰腺損傷分級(jí)中的Ⅴ級(jí)損傷的模型中,超聲造影診斷率為100%,超聲造影圖像顯示損傷區(qū)域成低增強(qiáng)或無(wú)增強(qiáng),損傷區(qū)域邊界模糊,貫穿整個(gè)胰腺。超聲造影較常規(guī)超聲提高了胰腺損傷的顯示率(78.87%VS64.79%)。 結(jié)論 超聲造影較常規(guī)超聲提高了胰腺損傷的顯示率,并且對(duì)于AAST胰腺損傷分級(jí)中的Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ級(jí)胰腺損傷更加敏感,它對(duì)臨床參考的意義更為明顯。 第三部分 超聲造影狗胰腺損傷程度與狗胰管損傷程度關(guān)系探究實(shí)驗(yàn) 目的 本部分通過(guò)相關(guān)生化檢測(cè)與超聲造影檢查相結(jié)合,探究胰管損傷程度與胰腺損傷超聲造影圖像的關(guān)系,為某些特定的情況提供經(jīng)驗(yàn)性指導(dǎo)。 方法 對(duì)第二部分中超聲造影診斷為陽(yáng)性Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ組的病例,開腹探查后放置胰腺損傷位置引流管并關(guān)腹,記錄術(shù)后四天引流液中淀粉酶濃度,根據(jù)ISGPF指定的胰漏診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)分析每組引流液濃度所代表的胰腺胰管損傷程度。 結(jié)果 生化結(jié)果提示Ⅰ組造影結(jié)果為陽(yáng)性的病例中,4例發(fā)生了胰管損傷,1例產(chǎn)生了胰漏;生化結(jié)果提示Ⅱ組造影結(jié)果為陽(yáng)性病例中,全部病例胰管都受到了損傷,9例發(fā)生了胰漏;生化結(jié)果提示Ⅲ造影結(jié)果為陽(yáng)性的病例中,全部病例胰管都受到了損傷,15例發(fā)生了胰漏。在超聲造影診斷為AAST胰腺損傷分級(jí)中的Ⅰ、Ⅱ級(jí)的病例中,胰管損傷率低,而超聲造影診斷為AAST胰腺損傷分級(jí)中的Ⅲ、Ⅳ級(jí)的病例中,胰管全部都受到損傷,并且胰漏發(fā)生率高。 結(jié)論 通過(guò)本部分實(shí)驗(yàn),可知在超聲造影診斷為AAST胰腺損傷分級(jí)中的Ⅲ、Ⅳ級(jí)胰腺損傷中,胰管有不同程度損傷且胰漏發(fā)生率高(Ⅳ級(jí)更為明顯),而對(duì)于AAST胰腺損傷分級(jí)中的Ⅰ、Ⅱ級(jí)損傷,只有少數(shù)病例胰管發(fā)生了損傷,胰漏發(fā)生率很低。
[Abstract]:The first part The model of pancreatic injury in dogs establish Objective To establish the model of the injury of the pancreatic trauma of the dog, and to observe the success rate of the model and the early stage of the pancreas injury by means of the ultrasonic-mediated in-vitro puncture to the different degree of the pancreas of the dog. step-by-step ultrasonic observation check The method comprises the following steps of: dividing 80 Jinan local hybrid dogs into four groups, 20 of each group and group 1, performing in-vitro ultrasound-mediated puncture of the pancreas in group 1, the puncture depth is not more than one-half of the thickness of the pancreas, In-vitro ultrasound-mediated puncture; the puncture depth is one-half of the thickness of the pancreas, and the puncture depth is 3-5 times; the group 3 performs in-vitro ultrasonic-mediated puncture, the puncture depth is greater than one-half of the pancreas, can not penetrate the pancreas, and the puncture is carried out rapidly for 3-5 times; and the group 4 performs in-vitro ultrasonic-mediated puncture. and the puncture depth is penetrated through the pancreas. The accuracy of the puncture model was observed. After the above-mentioned steps, each group was killed by one of the experimental animals, and the pathology and observation were taken. damage The results of the case of the regional pancreas were 17 cases in group 1, 16 cases in group 2 and 19 cases in group 3. The diagnostic rate of routine ultrasound in group 1 (i.e., grade 鈪
本文編號(hào):2426548
[Abstract]:The first part The model of pancreatic injury in dogs establish Objective To establish the model of the injury of the pancreatic trauma of the dog, and to observe the success rate of the model and the early stage of the pancreas injury by means of the ultrasonic-mediated in-vitro puncture to the different degree of the pancreas of the dog. step-by-step ultrasonic observation check The method comprises the following steps of: dividing 80 Jinan local hybrid dogs into four groups, 20 of each group and group 1, performing in-vitro ultrasound-mediated puncture of the pancreas in group 1, the puncture depth is not more than one-half of the thickness of the pancreas, In-vitro ultrasound-mediated puncture; the puncture depth is one-half of the thickness of the pancreas, and the puncture depth is 3-5 times; the group 3 performs in-vitro ultrasonic-mediated puncture, the puncture depth is greater than one-half of the pancreas, can not penetrate the pancreas, and the puncture is carried out rapidly for 3-5 times; and the group 4 performs in-vitro ultrasonic-mediated puncture. and the puncture depth is penetrated through the pancreas. The accuracy of the puncture model was observed. After the above-mentioned steps, each group was killed by one of the experimental animals, and the pathology and observation were taken. damage The results of the case of the regional pancreas were 17 cases in group 1, 16 cases in group 2 and 19 cases in group 3. The diagnostic rate of routine ultrasound in group 1 (i.e., grade 鈪
本文編號(hào):2426548
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