【摘要】：經顱超聲刺激是新近發(fā)展起來的一種大腦功能刺激技術,該技術通過透過完整的顱骨傳遞超聲能量，能無創(chuàng)地調制大腦的神經活動。本文首先介紹了超聲在生物醫(yī)學中的應用以及經顱超聲刺激技術的研究現(xiàn)狀及意義，，然后介紹了經顱超聲刺激系統(tǒng)的關鍵參數(shù)以及提高空間分辨率的方法。建立經顱超聲系統(tǒng)之后，首先通過經顱脈沖超聲刺激SD大鼠的motor及Barrel皮層，研究不同的超聲刺激參數(shù)調解大腦神經活動的能力；隨后，基于中風模型建立之后立即給予超聲刺激能夠有效地對于保護缺血性腦損傷的假設，設計實驗利用經顱超聲刺激SD大鼠遠端中動脈缺血性模型，通過動物行為學評定運動狀況（刺激組(n=10,5.5±2.5)對照組(n=10,10.5±1.4)）、TTC染色測定皮層組織梗死面積比（刺激組(13.78%±7.39%)對照組(43.39%±2.33%)）、內源光成像技術評估腦功能等來評價經顱超聲刺激對缺血性腦損傷的保護效果，最后通過激光散斑成像技術觀測感興趣區(qū)域的血供以及免疫組化測定細胞炎癥來研究超聲的腦保護的潛在作用機制，提出了血流灌注增強和炎癥反應減弱兩種可能的保護作用機制。本項目的研究有望揭示經顱超聲刺激在卒中后的早期神經保護的作用機理，并為缺血性腦卒中的神經保護提供新的治療康復方法。
[Abstract]:Transcranial ultrasound stimulation (TUS) is a newly developed technique of brain function stimulation, which can modulate the neural activity of the brain noninvasively by transmitting ultrasonic energy through the intact skull. In this paper, the application of ultrasound in biomedicine and the research status and significance of transcranial ultrasound stimulation are introduced, then the key parameters of transcranial ultrasound stimulation system and the method of improving spatial resolution are introduced. After the establishment of transcranial ultrasound system, the motor and Barrel cortex of SD rats were stimulated by transcranial pulse ultrasound first to study the ability of different ultrasound stimulation parameters to regulate the brain nerve activity. Based on the hypothesis that ultrasound stimulation can effectively protect ischemic brain injury immediately after the establishment of stroke model, we designed an ischemic model of distal middle artery of SD rats by transcranial ultrasound stimulation. The infarct area ratio of cortical tissue was measured by animal behavior assessment (stimulation group (10 5 鹵2 5 鹵2 5) control group (n 10 10 5 鹵1 4) and control group (13 78% 鹵7 39%) and control group (43 39% 鹵2 33%), endogenous light imaging technique) to evaluate the effect of transcranial ultrasound stimulation on ischemic ischemia. The protective effect of brain injury, Finally, the potential mechanism of ultrasonic brain protection was studied by using laser speckle imaging technique to observe the blood supply in the region of interest and to determine the cellular inflammation by immunohistochemistry. Two possible protective mechanisms of increased blood perfusion and weakened inflammatory response were proposed. This project is expected to reveal the mechanism of transcranial ultrasound stimulation in early post-stroke neuroprotection and provide a new method for the treatment and rehabilitation of ischemic stroke.
【學位授予單位】：上海交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：R445.1;R743.3

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