本文選題：下肢動(dòng)脈硬化 + 危險(xiǎn)因素�。� 參考：《吉林大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：目的： 通過彩色多普勒超聲檢測技術(shù)檢測樣本人群雙下肢動(dòng)脈情況以討論討論下肢動(dòng)脈硬化疾�。↙ower Extremity Atherosclerotic Disease, LEASD）的臨床發(fā)病特點(diǎn)，回顧性分析LEASD與可能的危險(xiǎn)因素如性別、年齡、吸煙、飲酒、血壓、血糖、血脂及身體質(zhì)量指數(shù)等的相關(guān)性；以篩出LEASD的高危因素而服務(wù)于臨床預(yù)防工作。 方法： 隨機(jī)抽取2012年1月—2014年1月于吉林大學(xué)中日聯(lián)誼醫(yī)院門診進(jìn)行超聲檢查的患者351人作為研究對(duì)象，通過彩色多普超聲檢查待檢者雙下肢動(dòng)脈，將下肢動(dòng)脈分為動(dòng)脈正常組與LEASD組（包括部分動(dòng)脈管壁增厚者；部分節(jié)段斑塊形成尚未引起管腔狹窄或閉塞者；動(dòng)脈管腔不規(guī)則狹窄者、按照病情嚴(yán)重程度分為輕度、中度、重度；動(dòng)脈部分節(jié)段管腔閉塞者），分別記錄LEASD的發(fā)生部位、病變程度等。運(yùn)用SPSS19.0統(tǒng)計(jì)軟件對(duì)計(jì)數(shù)資料行X2檢驗(yàn)，以P0.05為具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)差異；對(duì)性別、年齡、吸煙、飲酒、血壓、血糖、血脂及身體質(zhì)量指數(shù)等LEASD可能的危險(xiǎn)因素進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)分析，首先采用X2檢驗(yàn)，以P0.05為具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)差異，，而后納入多因素Logistic回歸分析，進(jìn)而選出具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義的高危影響因素。 結(jié)果： 1.351例人群中下肢動(dòng)脈情況：動(dòng)脈正常者130例（37.03%），部分動(dòng)脈管壁增厚者7例（1.99%），斑塊形成尚未引起管腔狹窄或閉塞者186例（52.99%），動(dòng)脈管腔不規(guī)則狹窄者共計(jì)13例（3.70%）；其中按輕度、中度、重度分級(jí)例數(shù)依次為:2例、3例、8例，動(dòng)脈部分節(jié)段管腔閉塞者15例（4.27%）。 2.該樣本量351人中LEASD病變發(fā)生部位：累及股總動(dòng)脈111條；累及股淺動(dòng)脈96條；累及乆動(dòng)脈102條；累及脛前動(dòng)脈95條；累及足背動(dòng)脈161條；累及脛后動(dòng)脈68條。 3.該樣本量351人中LEASD單獨(dú)累及動(dòng)脈節(jié)段：單獨(dú)累及股總動(dòng)脈20條，單獨(dú)累及股淺動(dòng)脈10條；單獨(dú)累及乆動(dòng)脈9條；單獨(dú)累及足背動(dòng)脈44條；單獨(dú)累及脛后動(dòng)脈2條。 4.部分節(jié)段斑塊形成尚未引起管腔狹窄或閉塞者186人中斑塊累及部位：累及股總動(dòng)脈80條；累及股淺動(dòng)脈63條；累及乆動(dòng)脈74條；累及脛前動(dòng)脈68條；累及足背動(dòng)脈137條；累及脛后動(dòng)脈48條。 5.本樣本351例人群中LEASD伴糖尿病患者共計(jì)70人，該70人中LEASD累及動(dòng)脈情況：累及股總動(dòng)脈34條；累及股淺動(dòng)脈34條；累及乆動(dòng)脈37條；累及脛前動(dòng)脈41條；累及足背動(dòng)脈54條；累及脛后動(dòng)脈33條。 6.以LEASD為因變量，以性別、年齡、吸煙、飲酒、血壓、血糖、血脂及身體質(zhì)量指數(shù)等為自變量，分別進(jìn)行X2檢驗(yàn)，得出男性、增齡、吸煙、高血壓、高血糖是LEASD的危險(xiǎn)因素（P0.05）。將男性、增齡、吸煙、高血壓、高血糖因素行多因素非條件Logistic逐步回歸分析顯示男性、增齡、高血糖具有高危險(xiǎn)度。 結(jié)論： 1.男性、增齡、吸煙、高血壓、高血糖是LEASD的危險(xiǎn)因素。 2.男性、增齡、高血糖是LEASD形成獨(dú)立高危因素。 3.飲酒、高血脂、BMI尚不能認(rèn)為是LEASD的危險(xiǎn)因素 4. LEASD最常累及部位為足背動(dòng)脈 5.應(yīng)用彩色多普勒超聲技術(shù)對(duì)下肢動(dòng)脈進(jìn)行掃查，有助于臨床對(duì)LEASD病變的早期診斷及病程評(píng)估，彩色多普勒超聲是一項(xiàng)無創(chuàng)、便捷、準(zhǔn)確、價(jià)廉的LEASD篩查的檢查手段。
[Abstract]:Purpose :

The relationship between LEASD and possible risk factors such as sex , age , smoking , alcohol consumption , blood pressure , blood sugar , blood lipid and body mass index were analyzed retrospectively .
To screen the high risk factors of LEASD and serve for clinical prevention .

Method :

In January 2012 - January 2014 , 351 patients who underwent ultrasonic examination at the outpatient department of Sino - Japanese Friendship Hospital in Jilin University were randomly selected as the subjects . The arteries of the lower limbs of the subjects were examined by color Doppler ultrasound , and the lower limbs were divided into the normal group and the LEASD group ( including partial artery wall thickening ) .
part of the segmental plaque formation has not resulted in stenosis or occlusion of the lumen ;
Patients with irregular arterial lumen stenosis were classified as mild , moderate and severe according to the severity of the disease ;
The incidence of LEASD and the degree of lesion were recorded by SPSS 10.0 statistical software .
The risk factors of LEASD such as sex , age , smoking , alcohol consumption , blood pressure , blood sugar , blood fat and body mass index were analyzed statistically .

Results :

Among the 351 cases , there were 130 cases ( 37.03 % ) in the middle and lower extremities , 7 cases ( 1.99 % ) of partial arterial wall thickening , 186 cases ( 52.99 % ) with stenosis or occlusion of the plaque , and 13 cases ( 3.70 % ) of the irregular stenosis of the arterial lumen .
Among them , there were 2 cases , 3 cases , 8 cases , and 15 cases ( 4.27 % ) .

2 . The lesion of LEASD occurred in 351 people in the sample size : 111 of total femoral artery ;
96 cases involving superficial femoral artery ;
102 of the progressive artery ;
95 of anterior tibial artery ;
161 cases involving the dorsal artery of the foot ;
68 strips of posterior tibial artery .

3 . The total number of LEASD in 351 patients was involved in the arterial segment : 20 of the total femoral artery were involved , and 10 of the superficial femoral artery were involved alone ;
Nine of the individual progressive arteries were involved .
44 cases involving the dorsal artery of the foot alone ;
2 cases of posterior tibial artery were involved .

4 . Part of the segmental plaque formation has not caused plaque accumulation in 186 patients with stenosis or occlusion of the lumen : 80 of the total artery of the femoral artery ;
63 cases involving superficial femoral artery ;
74 of the progressive artery ;
68 of anterior tibial artery ;
137 cases involving the dorsal artery of the foot ;
48 cases involving posterior tibial artery .

5 . Of the 351 patients , there were 70 patients with LEASD with diabetes mellitus .
34 cases involving superficial femoral artery ;
37 cases involving the progressive artery ;
41 cases involving anterior tibial artery ;
54 cases involving the dorsal artery of the foot ;
33 cases involving posterior tibial artery .

6 . Using LEASD as the dependent variable , the sex , age , smoking , alcohol consumption , blood pressure , blood sugar , blood fat and body mass index were used as independent variables , and X2 test was carried out to obtain the risk factors of male , aged , smoking , hypertension and hyperglycemia ( P0.05 ) .

Conclusion :

1 . Men , age , smoking , hypertension , hyperglycemia are a risk factor for LEASD .

2 . Male , age , hyperglycemia were independent high risk factors for LEASD .

3 . Drinking , hypolipidemic and BMI could not be considered as a risk factor for LEASD .

4 . The most common part of LEASD is the dorsal artery .

5 . Using the color Doppler ultrasound technique to scan the lower extremity artery , it is helpful for the early diagnosis and the course assessment of LEASD lesion , and the color Doppler ultrasound is a non - invasive , convenient , accurate and cheap LEASD screening method .

【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：R543.5;R445.1

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