本文選題：甲狀腺結(jié)節(jié)　切入點：分子標(biāo)志物　出處：《山東大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：背景：目前臨床上甲狀腺疾病的發(fā)病率呈逐漸上升的趨勢,其致病因素很多,導(dǎo)致了在診斷和治療上存在誤差,不利于患者的康復(fù)。如果將常規(guī)檢查與分子標(biāo)志物聯(lián)合使用,則提升了診斷的幾率。經(jīng)過調(diào)查總結(jié)得出,導(dǎo)致發(fā)生甲狀腺結(jié)節(jié)疾病發(fā)生的主要原因主要有以下幾點：缺碘、致甲狀腺疾病的物質(zhì)(一般致甲狀腺疾病的物質(zhì)包括了蘿卜族,食物以及土壤之中的鎂、鈣、鋅物質(zhì),或者是飲用水的硬度過高,亦或是服用了過氯酸鉀、秋水仙素、硫氰化鉀、磺胺類以及氨基水楊酸等藥物,進而抑制了甲狀腺素的合成與釋放)、激素合成受抑制(主要表現(xiàn)為家族性甲狀腺疾病,其影響因素為遺傳性酶的缺陷,進而造成激素的合成受到抑制,或是機體缺乏水解酶,造成甲狀腺激素的合成和分泌受到抑制)。 目的：分析甲狀腺良惡性結(jié)節(jié)的彩色多普勒超聲表現(xiàn)及分子標(biāo)志物,探討甲狀腺結(jié)節(jié)的基因表達與超聲聲學(xué)特點的關(guān)系,為臨床上甲狀腺結(jié)節(jié)的輔助治療及預(yù)后判斷提供更多的依據(jù)。 方法：隨機抽取2011年1月-2012年2月于濟南市第四人民醫(yī)院接受手術(shù)治療的甲狀腺結(jié)節(jié)患者100例,對患者病歷資料采用回顧性分析的方法。 結(jié)果：甲狀腺癌的發(fā)生發(fā)展與抑癌基因p16和rb蛋白缺失有關(guān),P16、RB在甲狀腺癌中的表達明顯高于甲狀腺良性結(jié)節(jié)組。低回聲、微鈣化、Ⅲ級血流、縱橫徑比(≥1)及淋巴結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)移這5組P16陽性表達均高于對比組,邊界不清組表達差異不顯著。邊界不清、低回聲、微鈣化及Ⅲ級血流和縱橫徑比組(≥1)這5組RB蛋白表達陽性率均高于對照組,而淋巴結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)移組RB蛋白表達與對照組無明顯差異。 結(jié)論：彩色多普勒超聲檢查對于甲狀腺結(jié)節(jié)有高敏感性,是鑒別甲狀腺良惡性結(jié)節(jié)和早期診斷甲狀腺癌的有效手段。甲狀腺癌的病理特點和基因表達與甲狀腺癌的超聲特征具有一定的聯(lián)系,可根據(jù)甲狀腺癌的超聲表現(xiàn)對癌灶的生物學(xué)行為和預(yù)后進行評估。
[Abstract]:Background: at present, the incidence of thyroid diseases is gradually increasing in clinic, and there are many pathogenic factors, which lead to errors in diagnosis and treatment, which is not conducive to the rehabilitation of patients. If the routine examination is used in combination with molecular markers, The main causes of thyroid nodular diseases are iodine deficiency, substances that cause thyroid diseases (the substances that cause thyroid diseases generally include radish people, etc.). Magnesium, calcium, zinc in food and soil, or high hardness in drinking water, or drugs such as potassium perchlorate, colchicine, potassium thiocyanate, sulfanilamide and aminosalicylic acid, In turn, the synthesis and release of thyroxine were inhibited, and hormone synthesis was inhibited (mainly in familial thyroid disease, which was influenced by the deficiency of hereditary enzymes, which resulted in the inhibition of hormone synthesis or the lack of hydrolase in the body. The synthesis and secretion of thyroid hormones are inhibited. Objective: to analyze the color Doppler ultrasound findings and molecular markers of benign and malignant thyroid nodules, and to explore the relationship between the expression of genes and the acoustic characteristics of thyroid nodules. To provide more evidence for clinical adjuvant treatment and prognosis of thyroid nodules. Methods: a total of 100 patients with thyroid nodules were randomly selected from January 2011 to February 2012 in Jinan 4th people's Hospital. Results: the occurrence and development of thyroid carcinoma were related to the deletion of tumor suppressor gene p16 and RB protein. The expression of P16FRB in thyroid carcinoma was significantly higher than that in benign thyroid nodule group. The positive expression of P16 in the 5 groups (鈮，

本文編號：1565601