【摘要】：目的觀察和分析重癥監(jiān)護(hù)病房新生兒醫(yī)院感染特點(diǎn)和危險(xiǎn)因素,旨在把控重癥監(jiān)護(hù)病房新生兒醫(yī)院感染,提高醫(yī)療質(zhì)量。方法選取2012年1月-2016年2月重癥監(jiān)護(hù)病房新生兒1 135例,其中感染95例;觀察兩類患兒體質(zhì)量、胎齡、分娩方式、羊水污染、靜脈營(yíng)養(yǎng)及機(jī)械通氣、平均住院時(shí)間等一般資料,以及標(biāo)本來(lái)源、采集、感染部位、病原菌分布、醫(yī)院感染因素、抗菌藥物應(yīng)用時(shí)間等特點(diǎn),分析重癥監(jiān)護(hù)病房新生兒醫(yī)院感染風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素。結(jié)果 95例重癥監(jiān)護(hù)病房新生兒醫(yī)院感染者,肺部感染率71.58%,高于血液、口腔、皮膚、結(jié)膜和尿路感染,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05);檢出68株病原菌,革蘭陰性菌檢出率63.24%,高于革蘭陽(yáng)性菌和真菌,其中肺炎克雷伯菌檢出率高于其他病原菌,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05);與相對(duì)應(yīng)項(xiàng)比較,體質(zhì)量(≤1500g)、胎齡(≤30周)、新生兒窒息、靜脈營(yíng)養(yǎng)、機(jī)械通氣、抗菌藥物應(yīng)用時(shí)間(7d)、侵入性操作頻率(3次)和住院時(shí)間(14d),差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05);上述因素均是重癥監(jiān)護(hù)病房新生兒醫(yī)院感染的高危獨(dú)立危險(xiǎn)因素,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05)。結(jié)論觀察重癥監(jiān)護(hù)病房新生兒醫(yī)院感染特點(diǎn)、篩查高危因素,有助于掌握醫(yī)院流行病學(xué)資料,根據(jù)具體情況制定相應(yīng)預(yù)防對(duì)策,提高醫(yī)院感染控制率。
[Abstract]:Objective to observe and analyze the characteristics and risk factors of nosocomial infection in neonates in intensive care unit (ICU) in order to control nosocomial infection in ICU and improve the quality of medical treatment. Methods from January 2012 to February 2016, 1 135 neonates in intensive care unit were selected, including 95 cases of infection. The body mass, gestational age, delivery mode, amniotic fluid contamination, venous nutrition and mechanical ventilation, mean hospital stay, and other general data were observed, as well as sample source, collection, infection site, distribution of pathogenic bacteria, nosocomial infection factors, and so on. The risk factors of neonatal nosocomial infection in intensive care unit were analyzed. Results the pulmonary infection rate of 95 neonatal nosocomial infections in intensive care unit was higher than that of blood, mouth, skin, conjunctiva and urinary tract infection (P0.05). 68 strains of pathogenic bacteria were detected. The detection rate of Gram-negative bacteria was 63.24, which was higher than that of Gram-positive bacteria and fungi. The detection rate of Klebsiella pneumoniae was higher than that of other pathogens (P0.05). Body mass (鈮，

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