蘭州市及東鄉(xiāng)縣6～12歲兒童鐵缺乏癥現(xiàn)況及缺鐵性貧血相關(guān)因素分析
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-10-15 08:07
【摘要】：目的:通過測定相關(guān)血清學(xué)指標(biāo)了解蘭州市及東鄉(xiāng)縣6~12歲學(xué)齡期兒童鐵缺乏癥(Iron Deficiency,ID)現(xiàn)況,對診斷為缺鐵性貧血(Iron Deficiency Anemia,IDA)的兒童進(jìn)行家庭及飲食方面相關(guān)因素分析,并對居住在蘭州市和東鄉(xiāng)縣的漢族和東鄉(xiāng)族兒童進(jìn)行對照研究,了解不同民族、不同區(qū)域貧血狀況。方法:2015年10月分別在蘭州市及東鄉(xiāng)縣選取兩所學(xué)校,采取分層隨機(jī)抽樣法抽取396名6~12歲兒童為研究對象。分別進(jìn)行體格發(fā)育指標(biāo)測量、靜脈血采集和問卷調(diào)查。分析血清學(xué)相關(guān)指標(biāo),計(jì)算鐵缺乏癥(ID)檢出率,篩選出IDA兒童34例為病例組,同時(shí)選取年齡、性別、民族、地區(qū)相匹配的非IDA兒童34例為對照組,對兩者的家庭因素及飲食行為調(diào)查問卷進(jìn)行單因素分析與多因素Logistic回歸分析,并對蘭州市及東鄉(xiāng)縣IDA兒童進(jìn)行對照研究。結(jié)果:1.蘭州市及東鄉(xiāng)縣6~12歲兒童ID現(xiàn)狀396例兒童鐵減少、IDA、ID的檢出率分別為12.63%、8.59%、21.21%。東鄉(xiāng)縣鐵減少、IDA、ID的檢出率均高于蘭州市兒童,差異存在統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P㩳0.05)。東鄉(xiāng)族較漢族鐵減少、IDA、ID的檢出率高,差異存在統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P㩳0.05)。隨著年齡增加兒童IDA檢出率逐漸降低(P㩳0.05),而鐵減少與年齡變化無關(guān)系(P㧐0.05)。男、女童之間鐵減少、IDA、ID的檢出率比較差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P㧐0.05)。2.IDA組兒童與非IDA兒童單因素分析2.1家庭因素IDA組與非IDA組家庭人均月收入總體分布不同(Z=-3.887,P㩳0.05),看護(hù)人學(xué)歷總體分布不同(Z=-4.790,P㩳0.05),看護(hù)人對貧血知識了解情況總體分布不同(Z=-4.077,P㩳0.05)。2.2家庭飲食習(xí)慣IDA組與非IDA組家庭飲食結(jié)構(gòu)分布不同(Z=-2.527,P㩳0.05),在是否用鐵鍋烹飪食物及是否有飲茶習(xí)慣方面,差異存在統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(鐵鍋烹飪c2=2.946,P㩳0.05;飲茶習(xí)慣c2=2.435,P㩳0.05)。2.3飲食行為IDA組與非IDA兒童在嬰兒期喂養(yǎng)分布不同(Z=-2.873,P㩳0.05),偏食、挑食情況方面分布不同(Z=-2.078,P㩳0.05);肉食食入及零食食入方面分布不同(肉食食入Z=-2.992,P㩳0.05;零食食入Z=-1.970,P㩳0.05)。2.4運(yùn)動因素在運(yùn)動時(shí)間方面IDA組與非IDA組分布不同(Z=-1.995,P㩳0.05)。3.蘭州市及東鄉(xiāng)縣IDA兒童影響因素比較結(jié)果顯示兩地區(qū)兒童在家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)水平、看護(hù)人學(xué)歷、飲食結(jié)構(gòu)、嬰兒期喂養(yǎng)分布不同(經(jīng)濟(jì)水平Z=-2.373,P㩳0.05;看護(hù)人學(xué)歷Z=-2.905,P㩳0.05;飲食結(jié)構(gòu)Z=-2.222,P㩳0.05;嬰兒期喂養(yǎng)Z=-2.689,P㩳0.05)。4.IDA相關(guān)的家庭及飲食因素Logistic回歸分析多因素Logistic回歸分析顯示嬰兒期喂養(yǎng)(OR=8.945,95%CI:1.097~9.485)(P=0.007)、零食食入(OR=2.688,95%CI:1.052~6.866)(P=0.039)、偏食、挑食(OR=2.770,95%CI:1.664~11.553)(P=0.017)對IDA檢出率有顯著影響。結(jié)論:蘭州市及東鄉(xiāng)縣兒童ID檢出率較之前全國調(diào)查結(jié)果好轉(zhuǎn),尤其是東鄉(xiāng)縣兒童較全國農(nóng)村兒童IDA檢出率有所降低,但隱性缺鐵仍是目前營養(yǎng)性鐵缺乏的主要攻克目標(biāo)。貧困、不注意飲食結(jié)構(gòu)、不良飲食行為是東鄉(xiāng)族IDA兒童的危險(xiǎn)因素,應(yīng)在提高國民經(jīng)濟(jì)收入的同時(shí),加強(qiáng)相關(guān)醫(yī)療知識的宣傳。定期對家長和兒童舉行健康知識宣教,督促家長完善家庭膳食結(jié)構(gòu),教育兒童改變不良的飲食習(xí)慣是預(yù)防學(xué)齡期兒童IDA的關(guān)鍵。
[Abstract]:Objective: To study the status of iron deficiency (ID) in children aged 6 to 12 years old in Lanzhou and Dongxiang County by measuring relevant serological indicators, and to analyze the factors related to family and diet for children diagnosed with iron deficiency anemia (IDA). A comparative study was conducted on children living in Lanzhou and Dongxiang county, and the status of anemia in different nationalities and regions was studied. Methods: Two schools were selected in Lanzhou and Dongxiang County in October, 2015, and 396 children aged 6 to 12 years were sampled by stratified random sampling. Physical development index measurement, venous blood collection and questionnaire survey were carried out respectively. The detection rate of iron deficiency (ID) was analyzed, 34 cases of IDA children were selected as case group, 34 cases of non-IDA children matched with age, sex, nationality and area were selected as control group. The single factor analysis and multi-factor logistic regression analysis were carried out on the family factors and dietary behavior questionnaire in Lanzhou and Dongxiang County. Result: 1. The prevalence rate of IDA and ID was 12.63%, 8.59% and 21.21%, respectively. The rate of iron reduction, IDA and ID in Dongxiang County was higher than that of Lanzhou children, and the difference was statistically significant (P? 0.05). The prevalence of IDA and ID was higher in Dongxiang nationality than Han nationality in Han nationality (P? 0.05). The incidence of IDA in children increased with age (P? 0.05), and there was no relationship between iron decrease and age (P? 0.05). There was no significant difference in the rates of iron reduction, IDA and ID between boys and girls (P? 0.05). 2. The overall distribution of household factor IDA and non-IDA (Z =-3.887, P? 0.05) was different (Z =-4.790, P? 0.05). The overall distribution of the knowledge of anemia was different (Z =-4.0777, P? 0.05). The distribution of dietary structure between IDA group and non-IDA group (Z =-2.527, P? 0.05) was different (Z =-2.527, P? 0.05). The distribution of dietary behavior IDA and non-IDA children in infancy (Z =-2.73, P? 0.05) was different (Z = -2. 873, P? 0.05). The distribution of food intake and snack food was different (Z =-2.992, P? 0.05; snack food was Z =-1.970, P? 0.05). P? 0.05). 2. 4 Movement factors were different between IDA group and non-IDA group in exercise time (Z =-1.995, P? 0.05). 3. The effect factors of IDA children in Lanzhou and Dongxiang County showed that the distribution of children in the two regions was different in the family's economic level (Z =-2.373, P? 0.05; Z =-2.905, P? 0.05; diet structure Z =-2.222, P? 0.05; feeding Z =-2.689, P? 0.05; infant feeding Z =-2.222, P? 0.05; infant feeding Z =-2.222, P? 0.05). Logistic regression analysis of family and dietary factors related to P? 0.05). IDA showed that infant feeding (OR = 8.945, 95% CI: 1. 097 ~ 9. 485) (P = 0.0007), snack food intake (OR = 2.688, 95% CI: 1. 052 ~ 6.866) (P = 0.039), partial eclipse, food selection (OR = 2.770, 95% CI: 1. 664 ~ 11. 553) (P = 0.017) had a significant effect on the detection rate of IDA. Conclusion: The detection rate of children IDs in Lanzhou and Dongxiang County has improved, especially in Dongxiang County, but the detection rate of IDA in rural children in Dongxiang County has decreased, but the recessive iron deficiency is still the main target to overcome the deficiency of nutritional iron in Dongxiang County. Poverty, not pay attention to the diet structure, poor diet behavior is the risk factor of the Dongxiang IDA children, should strengthen the national economic income, strengthen the publicity of relevant medical knowledge. It is the key to prevent the development of children IDA during the period of childhood development by holding regular health knowledge training to parents and children, urging parents to improve the family's dietary structure, and educating children to change bad eating habits.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：R725.5
[Abstract]:Objective: To study the status of iron deficiency (ID) in children aged 6 to 12 years old in Lanzhou and Dongxiang County by measuring relevant serological indicators, and to analyze the factors related to family and diet for children diagnosed with iron deficiency anemia (IDA). A comparative study was conducted on children living in Lanzhou and Dongxiang county, and the status of anemia in different nationalities and regions was studied. Methods: Two schools were selected in Lanzhou and Dongxiang County in October, 2015, and 396 children aged 6 to 12 years were sampled by stratified random sampling. Physical development index measurement, venous blood collection and questionnaire survey were carried out respectively. The detection rate of iron deficiency (ID) was analyzed, 34 cases of IDA children were selected as case group, 34 cases of non-IDA children matched with age, sex, nationality and area were selected as control group. The single factor analysis and multi-factor logistic regression analysis were carried out on the family factors and dietary behavior questionnaire in Lanzhou and Dongxiang County. Result: 1. The prevalence rate of IDA and ID was 12.63%, 8.59% and 21.21%, respectively. The rate of iron reduction, IDA and ID in Dongxiang County was higher than that of Lanzhou children, and the difference was statistically significant (P? 0.05). The prevalence of IDA and ID was higher in Dongxiang nationality than Han nationality in Han nationality (P? 0.05). The incidence of IDA in children increased with age (P? 0.05), and there was no relationship between iron decrease and age (P? 0.05). There was no significant difference in the rates of iron reduction, IDA and ID between boys and girls (P? 0.05). 2. The overall distribution of household factor IDA and non-IDA (Z =-3.887, P? 0.05) was different (Z =-4.790, P? 0.05). The overall distribution of the knowledge of anemia was different (Z =-4.0777, P? 0.05). The distribution of dietary structure between IDA group and non-IDA group (Z =-2.527, P? 0.05) was different (Z =-2.527, P? 0.05). The distribution of dietary behavior IDA and non-IDA children in infancy (Z =-2.73, P? 0.05) was different (Z = -2. 873, P? 0.05). The distribution of food intake and snack food was different (Z =-2.992, P? 0.05; snack food was Z =-1.970, P? 0.05). P? 0.05). 2. 4 Movement factors were different between IDA group and non-IDA group in exercise time (Z =-1.995, P? 0.05). 3. The effect factors of IDA children in Lanzhou and Dongxiang County showed that the distribution of children in the two regions was different in the family's economic level (Z =-2.373, P? 0.05; Z =-2.905, P? 0.05; diet structure Z =-2.222, P? 0.05; feeding Z =-2.689, P? 0.05; infant feeding Z =-2.222, P? 0.05; infant feeding Z =-2.222, P? 0.05). Logistic regression analysis of family and dietary factors related to P? 0.05). IDA showed that infant feeding (OR = 8.945, 95% CI: 1. 097 ~ 9. 485) (P = 0.0007), snack food intake (OR = 2.688, 95% CI: 1. 052 ~ 6.866) (P = 0.039), partial eclipse, food selection (OR = 2.770, 95% CI: 1. 664 ~ 11. 553) (P = 0.017) had a significant effect on the detection rate of IDA. Conclusion: The detection rate of children IDs in Lanzhou and Dongxiang County has improved, especially in Dongxiang County, but the detection rate of IDA in rural children in Dongxiang County has decreased, but the recessive iron deficiency is still the main target to overcome the deficiency of nutritional iron in Dongxiang County. Poverty, not pay attention to the diet structure, poor diet behavior is the risk factor of the Dongxiang IDA children, should strengthen the national economic income, strengthen the publicity of relevant medical knowledge. It is the key to prevent the development of children IDA during the period of childhood development by holding regular health knowledge training to parents and children, urging parents to improve the family's dietary structure, and educating children to change bad eating habits.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：R725.5
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