【摘要】：目的:通過采集并分析2013年3月至2017年2月廣西醫(yī)科大學(xué)第一附屬醫(yī)院燒傷整形外科兒童燒傷住院患者流行病學(xué)數(shù)據(jù),建立兒童燒傷流行病學(xué)數(shù)據(jù)庫,為制定干預(yù)措施,降低兒童燒傷率提供臨床依據(jù)。方法:收集廣西醫(yī)科大學(xué)第一附屬醫(yī)院燒傷整形外科2013年3月至2017年2月收治住院的1158例0至14歲兒童燒傷的病例資料,并對年齡、性別、致傷原因、受傷季節(jié)、城鄉(xiāng)分布及燒傷嚴(yán)重程度等進(jìn)行回顧性統(tǒng)計分析。結(jié)果:4年中,廣西醫(yī)科大學(xué)第一附屬醫(yī)院燒傷整形外科共收治1158例燒傷兒童。其中,男性燒傷患兒占61.0%(706例),女性患兒占39.0%(452例),男:女=1.56:1。3-7歲年齡組兒童比例最高占54.5%(631例),其次,0-3歲年齡組兒童占34.2%(396例),7-14歲年齡組兒童比例最低11.3%(131例)。鄉(xiāng)村患兒占71.5%(828例),城市患兒占28.5%(330例)。鄉(xiāng)村患兒:城市患兒為2.51:1,鄉(xiāng)村患兒比例明顯高于城市。5%TBSA以下者占14.9%(173例),5-15%TBS之間(包括5%TBSA)者占47.7%(552例),15-25%TBSA之間(包括15%TBSA)者占21.2%(246例),25%TBSA及以上者占16.2%(187例)。輕度燒傷患兒占8.8%(102例),中度燒傷患兒占46.6%(540例),重度燒傷患兒占27.4%(317例),特重度燒傷患兒占17.2%(199例)。致病原因中,熱水、熱油、熱湯等燙傷者占86.7%(1004例)。火焰、煙花、電火花等火焰燒傷者占9.6%(111例),電損傷占2.3%(27例),強(qiáng)酸、強(qiáng)堿等化學(xué)燒傷占1.4%(16例)。致病季節(jié)中,春季占25.2%(292例),夏季占22.9%(265例),秋季占23.7%(275例),冬季占28.2%(326例)。兒童燒傷后至入院期間,看護(hù)者未及時處理有448例,創(chuàng)面冷水沖洗、冰敷、燒傷膏、直接外院處理有381例,其他如涂抹牙膏、蜂蜜、蘆薈、尿液、中藥、白酒等有329例。入院后,創(chuàng)面需要手術(shù)治療的有312例,通過換藥等非手術(shù)治療者有846例。其中輸血治療有266例,未輸血者有892例。住院時間中,住院時間≤7天出院有577例,7住院天數(shù)≤14天出院者有314例,14住院天數(shù)≤21天出院者有130例,3周以上患兒有137例,死亡率為0.3%(3例)。根據(jù)患兒醫(yī)保覆蓋情況,其中自費(fèi)484例,醫(yī)保支付674例,人均治療費(fèi)用為1.4243萬元。結(jié)論:2013年3月至2017年2月,廣西醫(yī)科大學(xué)第一附屬醫(yī)院燒傷整形外科收治的住院患兒中,男孩比例明顯高于女孩、3-7歲年齡組構(gòu)成比最高、熱液燙傷仍為主要致傷因素、農(nóng)村兒童發(fā)病率高于城市兒童、燒傷在2月份所占比例最高,其次是10月份,冬季所占比例最高,其次是春季。傷后現(xiàn)場能基本正確、簡單地處理創(chuàng)面者占32.9%。
[Abstract]:Objective: to collect and analyze the epidemiological data of pediatric burn patients in the first affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University from March 2013 to February 2017. To reduce the rate of burn in children provides clinical basis. Methods: the data of 1158 cases of burn and plastic surgery hospitalized in the first affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University from March 2013 to February 2017 were collected, and the age, sex, cause and season of injury were analyzed. The distribution of urban and rural areas and the severity of burns were analyzed retrospectively. Results: in 4 years, 1158 cases of burn children were treated in the first affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University. Among them, 61.0% (706 cases) were male burns, 39.0% (452 cases) were female, 54.5% (631 cases) were male: female = 1.56: 1.3-7 years old, 36.2% (396 cases) were 0-3 years old, and the lowest was 11.3% (131 cases) in 7-14 age group. 71.5% (828 cases) were in rural areas and 28.5% (330 cases) in urban areas. The proportion of rural children was 2.51: 1, and the proportion of rural children was significantly higher than that of urban children. The proportion of children below 5%TBSA was 14.9% (173 cases), between 5-15%TBS (including 5%TBSA) was 47.7% (552 cases), between 15-25%TBSA (including 15%TBSA) was 21.2% (246 cases), 25%TBSA and above was 16.2% (187 cases). Mild burns accounted for 8.8% (102 cases), moderate burns accounted for 46.6% (540 cases), severe burns accounted for 27.4% (317 cases), severe burns accounted for 17.2% (199 cases). Hot water, hot oil, hot soup and other scalds accounted for 86.7% (1004 cases). Fire, fireworks and electric sparks were found in 9. 6% (111 cases), electrical injuries in 2. 3% (27 cases), and chemical burns such as strong acid and alkali in 1. 4% (16 cases). Among the pathogenic seasons, the incidence in spring was 25.2% (292 cases), in summer 22.9% (265 cases), in autumn 23.7% (275 cases), and in winter 28.2% (326 cases). During the period from burn to admission, there were 448 cases not treated in time. There were 381 cases of cold water flushing, ice compress, burn ointment, and other cases such as toothpaste, honey, aloe, urine, traditional Chinese medicine, white wine and other 329 cases. After admission, 312 cases needed surgical treatment and 846 cases were treated by non-surgical treatment such as dressing change. There were 266 cases treated with blood transfusion and 892 cases without blood transfusion. Among them, 577 cases were discharged with less than 7 days, 314 cases with 7 days of stay 鈮，

本文編號：2271993