發(fā)布時間：2018-05-20 00:24

  本文選題：呼吸道疾病 + 空氣污染物��； 參考：《中國全科醫(yī)學》2017年05期

【摘要】：背景兒童呼吸系統(tǒng)疾病發(fā)病率呈上升趨勢,大氣污染對兒童健康的影響越來越受重視。目的比較蘭州市2014年和2015年大氣主要污染物對1~5歲兒童呼吸系統(tǒng)疾病住院率影響的差異。方法于2016年5—6月通過"中國空氣質(zhì)量在線監(jiān)測平臺"收集2014—2015年蘭州市大氣主要污染物〔PM2.5、PM10、二氧化硫(SO_2)、二氧化氮(NO_2)、臭氧(O_3)〕每月平均污染水平的數(shù)據(jù),并通過"甘肅省衛(wèi)生系統(tǒng)疾控機構(gòu)進醫(yī)院信息平臺"收集同時段蘭州市1~5歲兒童呼吸系統(tǒng)疾病每月住院率數(shù)據(jù)。采用Pearson相關(guān)分析大氣主要污染物與住院率及污染物之間的關(guān)系,并采用線性回歸分析大氣主要污染物對住院率的影響。結(jié)果 2014年和2015年P(guān)M2.5、PM10、SO_2、O_3水平比較,差異均無統(tǒng)計學意義(P0.05);2015年NO_2水平、兒童呼吸系統(tǒng)疾病住院率高于2014年(P0.05)。2014年,PM2.5、PM10、SO_2、NO_2水平與住院率呈正相關(guān)(P0.05),O_3水平與住院率呈負相關(guān)(P0.05)。2015年,PM10和NO_2水平與住院率無直線相關(guān)性(P0.05),PM2.5和SO_2水平與住院率呈正相關(guān)(P0.05),O_3水平與住院率呈臨界負相關(guān)(P=0.050)。多元線性回歸分析結(jié)果顯示,2014年,PM2.5〔t=3.79,P=0.004,方差膨脹因子(VIF)=1.45〕和NO_2(t=2.64,P=0.027,VIF=1.45)是住院率的影響因素(P0.05);2015年,SO_2(t=3.01,P=0.013,VIF=1.00)是住院率的影響因素(P0.05)。結(jié)論蘭州市2015年兒童呼吸系統(tǒng)疾病住院率高于2014年,可能是由于2015年影響住院率的因素(SO_2)與2014年(PM2.5和NO_2)不同造成。
[Abstract]:Background the incidence of respiratory diseases in children is on the rise, and the effects of air pollution on children's health have been paid more and more attention. Objective to compare the effects of major atmospheric pollutants on the hospitalization rate of respiratory diseases in children aged 5 years in Lanzhou in 2014 and 2015. Methods from May to June 2016, data on the average monthly pollution levels of PM2.5 / PM10, sulfur dioxide / so _ 2 / S _ 2O _ 2, no _ 2 / S _ 2, O _ 2O _ 3 / O _ 3 were collected in Lanzhou from May to June 2016 through "China Air quality online Monitoring platform". At the same time, the data of monthly hospitalization rate of 5 year old children with respiratory system diseases in Lanzhou City were collected through the hospital information platform of the disease control institution of Gansu Province health system. Pearson correlation was used to analyze the relationship between air pollutants, hospitalization rate and pollutants, and linear regression analysis was used to analyze the effect of major atmospheric pollutants on hospitalization rate. Results there was no significant difference between 2014 and 2015 in the level of PM2.5 / PM10 / so _ 2C _ 2C _ 2 / O _ K3, and there was no significant difference in the level of NO_2 between 2014 and 2015 (P > 0.05). The hospitalization rate of respiratory system diseases in children was higher than that in 2014 (P 0.05). There was a positive correlation between the levels of PM2.5and so _ 2no _ 2 in 2014 and the rate of hospitalization. There was a negative correlation between the levels of P0.05 and O3 and the rate of hospitalization. There was no linear correlation between the levels of PM10 and NO_2 and the rate of hospitalization in 2015. There was a positive correlation between the levels of PM10, PM2.5 and SO_2 and the rate of hospitalization. There was a critical negative correlation between the level and the hospitalization rate. The results of multivariate linear regression analysis showed that 2014 PM2.5 / t ~ (3.79) P ~ (0.004), variance expansion factor VIF1.45) and NO2 ~ (2 / 6) ~ (2.64) P ~ (0.027) ~ (1.45) were the influencing factors of hospitalization rate (P _ (0.05), and 2015 _ (~ (2) _ (T _ (3.01) P _ (0.013) ~ (VIF1.00) was the influencing factor of the rate of hospitalization (P _ (0.05). Conclusion the hospitalization rate of respiratory diseases in Lanzhou in 2015 is higher than that in 2014, which may be due to the fact that the factors affecting the hospitalization rate in 2015 are different from those of PM2.5 and NO2 in 2014.
【作者單位】： 甘肅中醫(yī)藥大學公共衛(wèi)生學院流行病學教研室;甘肅省蘭州市疾病預防控制中心;
【分類號】：R725.6

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本文編號：1912366