本文關(guān)鍵詞： 先天性心臟病 新生兒 篩查 影響因素　出處：《蘭州大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：目的:了解甘肅某婦幼保健機(jī)構(gòu)新生兒先天性心臟病現(xiàn)況,探討影響先天性心臟病發(fā)生的危險因素,評估其在先心病發(fā)生中的作用,為加強(qiáng)先天性心臟病的一級預(yù)防提供科學(xué)依據(jù)。方法:于2013年12月-2014年11月在甘肅某婦幼保健機(jī)構(gòu)開展以超聲心動圖為依據(jù)的新生兒先天性心臟病篩查。調(diào)查問卷采用國家心血管中心設(shè)計(jì)的《新生兒先天性心臟病篩查表》。通過病例對照研究分析先天性心臟病的影響因素,將篩查中呈陽性的受試兒按照納入與排除標(biāo)準(zhǔn)納入病例組,最終病例組納入篩查陽性的新生兒73例;按照產(chǎn)婦常住址、新生兒分娩時間進(jìn)行1:1頻數(shù)匹配,選取同期在該婦幼保健機(jī)構(gòu)住院分娩的,母嬰同室管理的正常新生兒作為對照組,最終對照組納入73例正常新生兒。通過描述性方法描述新生兒先天性心臟病篩查結(jié)果。在病例對照研究中,兩組間均衡性使用單因素方差分析和卡方檢驗(yàn)進(jìn)行評價,通過單因素Logistic回歸分析先心病的影響因素。對單因素分析篩選出的有臨床意義的影響因素,進(jìn)行多因素Logistic回歸分析。結(jié)果:在所有篩查的2148名新生兒中,篩查出不同類型的先心病陽性73例,篩查陽性率為3.40%。單因素分析結(jié)果顯示,產(chǎn)婦孕期體重增加幅度、產(chǎn)婦配偶年齡大小、產(chǎn)婦是否曾流產(chǎn)、產(chǎn)婦孕期是否服用復(fù)合維生素這4個變量與先心病的發(fā)生有關(guān)聯(lián);多因素logistic回歸分析結(jié)果表明:產(chǎn)婦孕期體重增加幅度高于正常、曾經(jīng)流產(chǎn)是先心病的危險因素,產(chǎn)婦配偶年齡小于30歲、孕期服用復(fù)合維生素是先心病的保護(hù)因素。結(jié)論:本次篩查中新生兒先天性心臟病的現(xiàn)況與國內(nèi)部分一致。產(chǎn)婦曾經(jīng)流產(chǎn)、產(chǎn)婦孕期體重增加幅度高于正常是先心病的危險因素,產(chǎn)婦孕期服用復(fù)合維生素、產(chǎn)婦配偶年齡低于30歲是先心病的保護(hù)因素。
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate the present situation of congenital heart disease (CHD) in neonates in a maternal and child health care institution in Gansu province, to explore the risk factors affecting the occurrence of congenital heart disease and to evaluate its role in the occurrence of congenital heart disease. To provide a scientific basis for strengthening primary prevention of congenital heart disease. Methods:. Neonatal congenital heart disease screening based on echocardiography was carried out in a maternal and child health care institution in Gansu province from December 2013 to November 2014. The questionnaire was designed by the National Cardiovascular Center. Screening table for congenital heart disease in newborn. The influencing factors of congenital heart disease were analyzed by case-control study. The positive infants were included in the case group according to the criteria of inclusion and exclusion, and 73 newborns with positive screening were included in the final case group. According to the usual address of the puerpera and the delivery time of the newborn, 1: 1 frequency match was carried out. The normal newborns who were in hospital and delivered in the same period in the maternal and child health care institution were selected as the control group. Finally, 73 normal newborns were included in the control group. The results of neonatal congenital heart disease screening were described by descriptive method. The equilibrium between the two groups was evaluated by univariate ANOVA and chi-square test. The influencing factors of congenital heart disease were analyzed by univariate Logistic regression analysis. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was performed. Results: among all the 2 148 newborns screened 73 were positive for different types of congenital heart disease. The positive rate of screening was 3.40.The results of univariate analysis showed that the maternal weight increased during pregnancy, the age of the spouse, and whether the pregnant woman ever had an abortion. Whether pregnant women take multivitamin these four variables are related to the occurrence of congenital heart disease; The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the weight gain of pregnant women was higher than that of normal women, and abortion was the risk factor of congenital heart disease, and the age of spouses was less than 30 years old. Taking multivitamins during pregnancy is the protective factor of congenital heart disease. Conclusion: the present situation of congenital heart disease in newborns in this screening is consistent with that in China. Maternal weight gain was higher than normal during pregnancy is the risk factor of congenital heart disease. Taking multivitamin during pregnancy and the age of spouse under 30 is the protective factor of congenital heart disease.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：R722.1

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