星狀病毒是小的無(wú)囊膜的單股線狀RNA病毒,1975年首次通過(guò)電鏡從英格蘭產(chǎn)科病房胃腸炎的嬰兒中觀察到該病毒。隨后,在陸生的哺乳類和禽類及水生動(dòng)物中都檢測(cè)到星狀病毒。目前,不斷發(fā)現(xiàn)動(dòng)物和人類的新型星狀病毒。星狀病毒的多型性和重組可能造成宿主間的交叉感染,和與其他病毒的或者非病毒的病原混合感染,星狀病毒通過(guò)不斷適應(yīng)經(jīng)典的和新的宿主,可能導(dǎo)致人畜共患的星狀病毒發(fā)生的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。此外,已經(jīng)有報(bào)道人和不同動(dòng)物的星狀病毒能引起神經(jīng)癥狀。本研究主要針對(duì)早期發(fā)現(xiàn)的30年來(lái)未受重視的牛星狀病毒。（1）首先對(duì)廣西奶牛和水牛的牛星狀病毒進(jìn)行流行病學(xué)調(diào)查。從5個(gè)規(guī)�；�(chǎng)（3個(gè)奶牛場(chǎng)和2個(gè)水牛場(chǎng)）收集0-6月齡有腹瀉癥狀小牛的直腸拭子共211份。用RT-PCR檢測(cè)結(jié)果顯示,牛星狀病毒的陽(yáng)性率43.6%（92/211）,其中奶牛陽(yáng)性率46.10%（71/154）,水牛陽(yáng)性率36.84%（21/57）,說(shuō)明牛星狀病毒在廣西奶牛和水牛場(chǎng)普遍存在。（2）為了了解牛星狀病毒與其它常見(jiàn)牛腸道病毒如BEV, BVDV, BCoV, BRV,BToV等的混合感染情況,從211份的直腸拭子取32份進(jìn)行這些病原的檢測(cè)。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)牛星狀病... 

【文章來(lái)源】：廣西大學(xué)廣西壯族自治區(qū) 211工程院校

【文章頁(yè)數(shù)】：102 頁(yè)

【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士

【文章目錄】：
ABSTRACT
摘要
Abbreviations
Chapter Ⅰ. LITERATURE AND REVIEW
    1.1 History of astrovirus
    1.2 Mamastrovirus
        1.2.1 Human astrovirus
        1.2.2 Animal astrovirus
    1.3 Avastrovirus
    1.4 Astrovirus genome
        1.4.1 Non structural proteins（nsp1a,nsp1ab）
        1.4.2 Structural proteins（Capsid protein）
    1.5 Astrovirus pathogenesis
        1.5.1 Astrovirus pathogenesis in humans
        1.5.2 Astrovirus pathogenesis in animals
    1.6 Astrovirus hazard in the food-chain
    1.7 Astrovirus antigenicity
    1.8 Astrovirus diagnostic
        1.8.1 Electron microscopy and virus isolation
        1.8.2 Serological essay
        1.8.3 Biotechnology
    1.9 Astrovirus immunization and control
    1.10 Bovine astrovirus（BAstV）
    1.11 Brief history of water buffalo
    1.12 Aims and importance of the research
        1.12.1 Importance
        1.12.2 Aims
Chapter Ⅱ.MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY OF BOVINE ASTROVIRUS IN CATTLEAND WATER BUFFALO IN GUANGXI
    2.0 Experimental design and technical route
    2.1 Materials
        2.1.1 Samples
        2.1.2 Samples preparation
        2.1.3 Principal Reagents
        2.1.4 Reagents and culture media preparation
        2.1.5 Principal Instruments and Equipments
    2.2 Methods
        2.2.1 Primers design
        2.2.2 Total RNA extraction
        2.2.3 1st strand cDNA synthesis （RT）
        2.2.4 PCR detection for Astrovirus and gene amplification
        2.2.5 Agarose Gel Electrophoresis （AGE）
        2.2.6 Gene cloning
        2.2.7 Gene sequencing
        2.2.8 Results analysis and computation
    2.3 Results analysis
        2.3.1 RT-PCR detection results
        2.3.2 Partial ORF2 amplification results
        2.3.3 Trial study on co-infection of Astrovirus and other known viral enteropathogens
        2.3.4 Phylogenetic analysis based on partial ORF2 of the Guangxi BAstVs
    2.4 Discussion
Chapter Ⅲ. COMPLETE GENOME CLONING AND SEQUENCE ANALYSIS OF THEGUANGXI BOVINE ASTROVIRUSES （BAstV-GX/CHN/2014）
    3.0 Experimental design and technical route
    3.1 Introduction
    3.2 Materials
        3.2.1 Samples
        3.2.2 Principal Reagents, instruments and equipments
    3.3 Methods
        3.3.1 Primers design
        3.3.2 Total RNA extraction
st strand cDNA bank synthesis">        3.3.3 1^st strand cDNA bank synthesis
st strand cDNA bank synthesis'>        3.3.4 3'-end amplification 1^st strand cDNA bank synthesis
st strand cDNA bank synthesis'>        3.3.5 5'-end amplification 1^st strand cDNA bank synthesis
        3.3.6 The complete genome PCR amplification
        3.3.7 Gene cloning and sequencing
        3.3.8 Computation and analysis
    3.4 Results analysis
        3.4.1 ORF1a analysis
        3.4.2 ORF1b analysis
        3.4.3 ORF2 analysis
        3.4.4 Analysis of the ORF1b/ORF2 junction and the overlap region
        3.4.5 Complete genome sequences analysis
    3.5 Discussion
Chapter Ⅳ. GENERAL CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ANNEXES
ACKOWLEDMENTS


【參考文獻(xiàn)】：
期刊論文
[1]牛病毒性腹瀉病毒RT-PCR檢測(cè)方法的建立及應(yīng)用[J]. 張淑琴,郭利,張亭亭,吳永旺,武華.  中國(guó)畜牧獸醫(yī). 2011(06)



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