【摘要】：圍欄封育作為一種有效的退化草原管理措施,近年來在我國(guó)退化草原恢復(fù)中得到極為廣泛的應(yīng)用。以新疆巴里坤縣退化溫性荒漠草原為研究對(duì)象,通過連續(xù)4 a圍欄封育樣地和自由放牧樣地的植被調(diào)查資料,對(duì)比分析圍欄封育樣地和自由放牧樣地的植被群落組成和地上生物量的動(dòng)態(tài)特征。結(jié)果表明:(1)通過圍欄封育措施,退化草原的物種多樣性和群落生態(tài)優(yōu)勢(shì)度與自由放牧樣地相比略有提高,群落均勻度略有降低,但通過t檢驗(yàn),差異均未達(dá)到顯著水平(P0.05)。(2)隨著封育措施的實(shí)施,總體上草原群落優(yōu)勢(shì)種為沙生針茅和伊犁絹蒿,反映出西部?jī)?nèi)陸半干旱地區(qū)溫性荒漠草原特有的特征;自由放牧樣地,沙生針茅和伊犁絹蒿在群落中的優(yōu)勢(shì)地位發(fā)生變化。(3)圍欄封育措施提高了植物群落的平均高度、地上生物量。隨著圍封時(shí)間的延長(zhǎng),群落地上生物量增加,且顯著高于自由放牧區(qū),然而4 a圍欄封育并不能使溫性荒漠草原產(chǎn)草量達(dá)到最高水平,也不能使植物群落的多樣性指標(biāo)與自由放牧樣地形成顯著差異。
[Abstract]:As an effective management measure of degraded grassland, fencing has been widely used in the restoration of degraded grassland in China in recent years. Based on the vegetation investigation data of fenced closed plots and free grazing plots in Balikun County, Xinjiang, the dynamic characteristics of vegetation community composition and above ground biomass between fenced closed plots and free grazing plots were compared and analyzed. The results showed that: (1) through fencing measures, the species diversity and community ecological dominance of degraded grassland were slightly higher than those of free grazing plots, and the community uniformity was slightly decreased, but through t test, the difference did not reach a significant level (P 0.05). (2). With the implementation of enclosure measures, the dominant species of grassland community were Scutellaria rubra and Artemisia annua. It reflects the unique characteristics of warm desert steppe in the inland semi-arid area of western China. The dominant position of Elaeagnus angustifolia and Artemisia annua in the community changed. (3) the average height and above-ground biomass of the plant community were increased by fencing measures. With the prolongation of enclosure time, the biomass on the ground of the community increased, and it was significantly higher than that of the free grazing area. However, 4-year fencing could not make the grass yield reach the highest level, nor could it make the diversity index of the plant community significantly different from that of the free grazing sample plot.
【作者單位】： 新疆哈密市草原工作站;新疆巴里坤縣草原工作站;
【基金】：新疆巴里坤2008年退牧還草項(xiàng)目資助
【分類號(hào)】：S812
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本文編號(hào)：2506930