雞PRLR基因和VIP基因的多態(tài)性研究及其與蛋用性狀的關(guān)聯(lián)分析
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-06-06 10:45
【摘要】：我國(guó)有豐富的地方雞遺傳資源,然而我國(guó)大多數(shù)地方品種雞的繁殖性能普遍較低,尤其是產(chǎn)蛋性能差,密切影響到優(yōu)質(zhì)雞養(yǎng)殖業(yè)的發(fā)展。但繁殖性狀屬于低遺傳力性狀,常規(guī)育種方法并不理想。隨著大量分子標(biāo)記技術(shù)和多種檢測(cè)手段的發(fā)展,使得分子標(biāo)記輔助選擇(MAS)得到了快速發(fā)展與應(yīng)用,為低遺傳力性狀的改良提供了新的方法。催乳素受體(prolactin receptor, PRLR)是影響禽類產(chǎn)蛋性能的關(guān)鍵因子催乳素(prolactin, PRL)的受體,血管活性腸肽(vasoactine intestinal peptide, VIP)是PRL的主要釋放因子,兩個(gè)基因都與PRL信號(hào)轉(zhuǎn)導(dǎo)途徑密切相關(guān)。本研究以浙江省余姚市神農(nóng)牧業(yè)有限公司的四明香雞B系為試驗(yàn)材料,對(duì)全群134天體重、65周體重和65周產(chǎn)蛋數(shù)和300天產(chǎn)蛋數(shù)進(jìn)行了測(cè)定,選擇雞PRLR基因及VIP基因?yàn)楫a(chǎn)蛋性能及體重性狀相關(guān)的候選基因,采用連接酶反應(yīng)方法(ligase detection reaction, LDR)進(jìn)行基因的多態(tài)性檢測(cè)、SNP位點(diǎn)篩選和基因分型,并應(yīng)用SAS統(tǒng)計(jì)軟件分析了SNPs標(biāo)記與雞蛋用性狀和體重性狀的相關(guān)性,得到了以下主要結(jié)果：1.在四明香雞B系雞中發(fā)現(xiàn)PRLR基因存在4個(gè)多態(tài)性位點(diǎn)：SNP1(C11390G)、 SNP2 (A14952G)、SNP3 (A14969C)和SNP4 (A14984G);以及VIP基因中存在2個(gè)多態(tài)性位點(diǎn)：SNP5 (A-3458G) 和 SNP6 (C2099G)。2.連鎖不平衡分析發(fā)現(xiàn)SNP2 (A14952G)、SNP3 (A14969C)、SNP4(A14984G)完全連鎖。3.對(duì)雞PRLR基因單位點(diǎn)遺傳效應(yīng)分析表明,SNP2/SNP3/SNP4位點(diǎn)多態(tài)性對(duì)300天產(chǎn)蛋數(shù)影響顯著(P0.05),G/A/G基因型300天產(chǎn)蛋數(shù)顯著高于A/C/A基因型7枚(P0.05); SNP1 (C11390G)位點(diǎn)多態(tài)性與雞134天體重、65周體重、300天產(chǎn)蛋數(shù)和65周產(chǎn)蛋數(shù)均無(wú)顯著關(guān)聯(lián)(P0.05)。4.對(duì)VIP基因單位點(diǎn)遺傳效應(yīng)分析表明,A-3458G位點(diǎn)各基因型之間65周體重差異達(dá)到顯著水平(P0.05),其中AG基因型65周體重比GG基因型重100g (P0.05); C2099G的多態(tài)性對(duì)各性狀均無(wú)顯著影響(P0.05)。5.對(duì)PRLR基因4個(gè)位點(diǎn)進(jìn)行單倍型分析,共產(chǎn)生三種單倍型：H1 (CACA)、H2(GACA)和H3(CGAG)。遺傳效應(yīng)分析結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)不同單倍型對(duì)300天產(chǎn)蛋數(shù)差異顯著(P0.05),表現(xiàn)出H3H2H1的趨勢(shì),且H3基因型的300天產(chǎn)蛋數(shù)比H1基因型高7.33枚(P0.05)。表明PRLR基因中H3為優(yōu)勢(shì)單倍型,可作為提高雞群產(chǎn)蛋性能潛在的分子標(biāo)記。6.對(duì)雞VIP基因A-3458G和C2099G位點(diǎn)進(jìn)行聯(lián)合基因型分析,共形成5種聯(lián)合基因型。遺傳效應(yīng)分析發(fā)現(xiàn),不同聯(lián)合基因型的134天體重、65周體重、300天產(chǎn)蛋量、65周產(chǎn)蛋量均無(wú)顯著差異(P0.05)。7.雞群產(chǎn)蛋性狀間的相關(guān)性分析表明,體重與產(chǎn)蛋量呈負(fù)相關(guān),其中65周產(chǎn)蛋量與134天體重(P0.05)和65周體重(P0.05)呈負(fù)相關(guān)；134天體重和65周體重呈極顯著的正相關(guān),相關(guān)系數(shù)達(dá)到0.9129(P0.01)。
[Abstract]:There are abundant local chicken genetic resources in China, but most of China's local breeds have low reproductive performance, especially the poor laying performance, which closely affects the development of high-quality chicken breeding industry. But the reproductive traits are of low heritability, and the conventional breeding method is not ideal. With the development of a large number of molecular marker technology and multiple detection methods, the molecular marker-assisted selection (MAS) has been developed and applied rapidly, and a new method is provided for the improvement of the character of low heritability. Prolactin receptor (PRLR) is the receptor of prolactin (PRL) that affects the egg-laying performance of poultry, and the vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) is the main release factor of PRL. Both genes are closely related to the signal transduction pathway of PRL. A total of 134 days,65-week weight and 65-week egg-laying number and 300-day egg-laying number were measured, and the candidate genes related to the egg-laying performance and body weight were selected for the whole group of 134-day body weight,65-week weight and 65-week egg-laying number and 300-day laying number. Using the ligase reaction method (LDR) to detect the polymorphism of the gene, the SNP site selection and the genotyping, and using the SAS statistical software to analyze the correlation between the SNPs and the characters of the egg and the weight of the egg, the following main results were obtained:1. There were 4 polymorphisms in the PRLR gene in the four-Ming chicken B-line chicken: SNP1 (C11390G), SNP2 (A14952G), SNP3 (A14969C) and SNP4 (A14984G); and two polymorphic sites in the VIP gene: SNP5 (A-3458G) and SNP6 (C2099G). The linkage disequilibrium analysis found that SNP2 (A14952G), SNP3 (A14969C), SNP4 (A14984G) were completely linked. The results of the genetic analysis of the unit point of the PRLR gene of the chicken showed that the number of the SNP2/ SNP3/ SNP4 polymorphism on the egg number of 300 days was significant (P0.05), and the number of the G/ A/ G genotype 300 days was significantly higher than that of the A/ C/ A genotype (P0.05). There was no significant association between the polymorphism of SNP1 (C11390G) and the weight of chicken 134 days, body weight of 65 weeks, egg number of 300 days and laying number of 65 weeks (P0.05). The results of the genetic analysis of the unit point of the VIP gene showed that the body weight difference between the genotypes of the A-3458G locus was significantly higher than that of the GG genotype (P0.05), and the genetic polymorphism of the C2099G had no significant effect on the characters (P0.05). There are three haplotypes: H1 (CACA), H2 (GACA) and H3 (CGAG). The results of the analysis of the genetic effect showed that the number of the different haplotypes on the 300-day egg-laying was significant (P0.05), showing the trend of H3H2H1, and the number of the 300-day egg-laying of the H3 genotype was 7.33 (P0.05). It is indicated that H3 in the PRLR gene is the dominant haplotype and can be used as a potential molecular marker for improving the egg-laying performance of the chicken. A combination of genotype A-3458G and C2099G of chicken's VIP gene was carried out to form five combined genotypes. The genetic effect analysis found that there was no significant difference between the 134-day body weight, the 65-week body weight, the 300-day egg-laying and the 65-week egg-laying amount of the different combined genotypes (P0.05). The correlation between the egg-laying characters of the chicken group showed that the body weight was negatively correlated with the egg-laying amount, in which the egg-laying amount of 65 weeks was negatively correlated with the weight of 134 days (P0.05) and the weight of the 65-week body weight (P0.05), and the correlation coefficient reached 0.9129 (P0.01).
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：S831
本文編號(hào)：2494300
[Abstract]:There are abundant local chicken genetic resources in China, but most of China's local breeds have low reproductive performance, especially the poor laying performance, which closely affects the development of high-quality chicken breeding industry. But the reproductive traits are of low heritability, and the conventional breeding method is not ideal. With the development of a large number of molecular marker technology and multiple detection methods, the molecular marker-assisted selection (MAS) has been developed and applied rapidly, and a new method is provided for the improvement of the character of low heritability. Prolactin receptor (PRLR) is the receptor of prolactin (PRL) that affects the egg-laying performance of poultry, and the vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) is the main release factor of PRL. Both genes are closely related to the signal transduction pathway of PRL. A total of 134 days,65-week weight and 65-week egg-laying number and 300-day egg-laying number were measured, and the candidate genes related to the egg-laying performance and body weight were selected for the whole group of 134-day body weight,65-week weight and 65-week egg-laying number and 300-day laying number. Using the ligase reaction method (LDR) to detect the polymorphism of the gene, the SNP site selection and the genotyping, and using the SAS statistical software to analyze the correlation between the SNPs and the characters of the egg and the weight of the egg, the following main results were obtained:1. There were 4 polymorphisms in the PRLR gene in the four-Ming chicken B-line chicken: SNP1 (C11390G), SNP2 (A14952G), SNP3 (A14969C) and SNP4 (A14984G); and two polymorphic sites in the VIP gene: SNP5 (A-3458G) and SNP6 (C2099G). The linkage disequilibrium analysis found that SNP2 (A14952G), SNP3 (A14969C), SNP4 (A14984G) were completely linked. The results of the genetic analysis of the unit point of the PRLR gene of the chicken showed that the number of the SNP2/ SNP3/ SNP4 polymorphism on the egg number of 300 days was significant (P0.05), and the number of the G/ A/ G genotype 300 days was significantly higher than that of the A/ C/ A genotype (P0.05). There was no significant association between the polymorphism of SNP1 (C11390G) and the weight of chicken 134 days, body weight of 65 weeks, egg number of 300 days and laying number of 65 weeks (P0.05). The results of the genetic analysis of the unit point of the VIP gene showed that the body weight difference between the genotypes of the A-3458G locus was significantly higher than that of the GG genotype (P0.05), and the genetic polymorphism of the C2099G had no significant effect on the characters (P0.05). There are three haplotypes: H1 (CACA), H2 (GACA) and H3 (CGAG). The results of the analysis of the genetic effect showed that the number of the different haplotypes on the 300-day egg-laying was significant (P0.05), showing the trend of H3H2H1, and the number of the 300-day egg-laying of the H3 genotype was 7.33 (P0.05). It is indicated that H3 in the PRLR gene is the dominant haplotype and can be used as a potential molecular marker for improving the egg-laying performance of the chicken. A combination of genotype A-3458G and C2099G of chicken's VIP gene was carried out to form five combined genotypes. The genetic effect analysis found that there was no significant difference between the 134-day body weight, the 65-week body weight, the 300-day egg-laying and the 65-week egg-laying amount of the different combined genotypes (P0.05). The correlation between the egg-laying characters of the chicken group showed that the body weight was negatively correlated with the egg-laying amount, in which the egg-laying amount of 65 weeks was negatively correlated with the weight of 134 days (P0.05) and the weight of the 65-week body weight (P0.05), and the correlation coefficient reached 0.9129 (P0.01).
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：S831
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