【摘要】：阿特拉津(Atrazine,ATR)是目前世界范圍內(nèi)應(yīng)用量最大的三氯苯類除草劑,主要通過農(nóng)業(yè)徑流和灌溉用水等途徑進(jìn)入生態(tài)環(huán)境系統(tǒng),由于其在生物體內(nèi)的蓄積及通過食物鏈的傳遞從而對各物種機體都有損傷作用。近些年,由于ATR使用量大以及在環(huán)境中存留期長,對生物體表現(xiàn)出較為顯著的雌激素樣作用,其毒理學(xué)研究廣受關(guān)注,然而ATR對禽類生殖毒性研究較少。本試驗以雄性鵪鶉為受試動物,以灌胃方式進(jìn)行ATR染毒,觀察鵪鶉的整體狀態(tài)及睪丸的病理學(xué),檢測了睪丸抗氧化功能、CYP450酶系、激素水平、下丘腦-垂體-睪丸軸類固醇激素相關(guān)因子及相關(guān)核受體表達(dá)。結(jié)果表明:1.ATR暴露引發(fā)鵪鶉睪丸組織病理組織學(xué)和超微結(jié)構(gòu)改變,誘發(fā)睪丸發(fā)育障礙,并抑制鵪鶉生長。2.ATR暴露能夠誘導(dǎo)鵪鶉睪丸組織中自由基含量增加,脂質(zhì)過氧化物生成過量,抑制抗氧化酶系統(tǒng)活性,進(jìn)而誘發(fā)氧化應(yīng)激,發(fā)揮損傷鵪鶉睪丸組織的作用。3.ATR暴露能夠激活芳香烴受體(AHR)、孕烷X受體(PXR)與組成型雄甾烷受體(CAR)等核受體的表達(dá),調(diào)控睪丸組織中CYPs亞型mRNA的表達(dá)水平,增加CYP450含量,影響CYP450酶系相關(guān)酶活性,發(fā)揮致鵪鶉雄性生殖毒性作用。4.ATR暴露能夠影響孕激素受體(PGR)和雌激素受體(ERα與ERβ)等核受體的表達(dá),干擾下丘腦-垂體-睪丸軸類固醇激素相關(guān)因子的表達(dá),降低CYP11A1和CYP17A1蛋白水平,干擾雄性鵪鶉性腺軸的正常調(diào)節(jié)功能,阻礙睪酮的合成通路,這是其致鵪鶉雄性生殖毒性的重要機制之一。得出結(jié)論,ATR暴露能夠引起鵪鶉睪丸組織損傷,通過核受體介導(dǎo)可以調(diào)控CYP450酶系活性及CYPs亞型的基因表達(dá),干擾性腺軸的調(diào)控功能,使性激素分泌紊亂,阻礙睪酮的合成對鵪鶉生殖系統(tǒng)產(chǎn)生嚴(yán)重的毒性作用。
[Abstract]:Atrazin (Atrazine,ATR) is the most widely used trichlorobenzene herbicide in the world, which mainly enters the ecological environment system through agricultural runoff and irrigation water. Because of its accumulation in organisms and its transmission through the food chain, it can damage the body of all species. In recent years, due to the large use of ATR and the long retention period in the environment, it has shown significant estrogen-like effect on organisms, so its toxicological research has attracted much attention, but the study of reproductive toxicity of ATR to poultry is less. In this experiment, male quail was exposed to ATR by intragastric administration. The overall state of quail and the pathology of testes were observed. The antioxidant function, CYP450 enzyme system and hormone level of testes were measured. Expression of steroid hormone related factors and related nuclear receptors in Hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular axis. The results showed that 1.ATR exposure induced pathological and ultrastructure changes in testicular tissue of quail, induced testicular development disorder and inhibited the growth of quail. 2. ATR exposure could induce the increase of free radical content in testicular tissue of quail. Excessive production of lipid peroxide, inhibition of antioxidant enzyme system activity, and then induce oxidative stress, play the role of injury to quail testicular tissue. 3. ATR exposure can activate aromatic hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), The expression of nuclear receptors such as progesterone X receptor (PXR) and constituent androsterane receptor (CAR) regulated the expression of CYPs subtypes mRNA in testicular tissue, increased the content of CYP450, and affected the activity of CYP450 enzyme related enzymes. 4. ATR exposure can affect the expression of progesterone receptor (PGR) and estrogen receptor (ER 偽 and ER 尾), and interfere with the expression of steroid hormone related factors in Hypothalamic pituitary testicular axis. It is one of the important mechanisms of male reproductive toxicity in quails to reduce the levels of CYP11A1 and CYP17A1 proteins, interfere with the normal regulation of sexual gland axis of male quails, and hinder the synthetic pathway of testosterone. It is concluded that ATR exposure can cause testicular tissue damage in quail, regulate the activity of CYP450 enzyme system and the gene expression of CYPs subtypes through nuclear receptor, interfere with the regulation function of gonadal axis, and disorder the secretion of sex hormones. Hindering the synthesis of testosterone has a serious toxic effect on the reproductive system of quail.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：S858.39
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本文編號：2493117