不同生長期含單寧飼草單寧含量變化及其對瘤胃體外發(fā)酵的影響
發(fā)布時間：2019-05-18 07:50
【摘要】：本研究以山野豌豆、胡枝子、紫穗槐、柞樹葉、榛子葉等五種含單寧飼草為研究對象,分別研究其葉片在不同生長期的單寧含量和養(yǎng)分含量的變化,并利用體外培養(yǎng)法分析飼草對瘤胃發(fā)酵指標(biāo)的影響,對飼用價值和適宜利用時間進(jìn)行討論,為山野豌豆、胡枝子、紫穗槐、榛子葉、柞樹葉作為新型飼料資源的進(jìn)一步開發(fā)和利用提供基礎(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù)依據(jù)。試驗(yàn)一、不同生長期含單寧飼草單寧含量變化試驗(yàn)以2014年6、7、8、9月月初吉林延邊長白山地區(qū)采集的山野豌豆(Viciaamoena Fisch),胡枝子(Lespedeza bicolor Turcz),紫穗槐(Amorpha fruticosa L.),榛子葉(Corylaceae leaf)柞樹葉(Xylosma racemosum leaf)為樣品,采用Folin-Ciocalteu法測定樣品中總酚、簡單酚、單寧的含量,采用Vanilli-HCl法測定樣品中縮合單寧的含量,采用飼料常規(guī)分析法測定樣品中水份、粗蛋白(CP)、中性洗滌纖維(NDF)、酸性洗滌纖維(ADF)和粗灰分(Ash)的含量。結(jié)果表明：樣品中總酚、簡單酚、單寧、縮合單寧含量隨植物種類的不同而不同并且含量相差較大,隨月份變化呈現(xiàn)下降趨勢,且為不規(guī)則波浪型,總體表現(xiàn)為總酚含量大于總單寧含量,總單寧含量大于簡單酚含量,簡單酚含量大于縮合單寧含量,其中總酚含量最低是9月胡枝子39.20 g/kg,最高的是8月山野豌豆為131.18 g/kg；簡單酚含量最低為6月柞樹葉8.03 g/kg,最高的是6月榛子葉39.38 g/kg；單寧含量最低為6月胡枝子25.85 g/kg,最高的是8月山野豌豆106.88 g/kg；縮合單寧含量最低的為9月紫穗槐3.48 g/kg,含量最高的為8月山野豌豆18.26 g/始。說明植物種類是影響植物酚類含量的主要因素,植物生長期等條件等也會影響酚類物質(zhì)含量。試驗(yàn)二、不同生長期含單寧飼草對瘤胃體外發(fā)酵的影響試驗(yàn)采用瘤胃體外發(fā)酵法,取以上飼草干物質(zhì)為發(fā)酵底物,培養(yǎng)72小時,并于3、6、12、24、36、48、72小時分別采樣測定瘤胃發(fā)酵的pH值、氨態(tài)氮含量、產(chǎn)氣量、甲烷產(chǎn)量、揮發(fā)性脂肪酸含量。在發(fā)酵72h后結(jié)果表明：pH值方面,山野豌豆7月pH5.90,紫穗槐6月pH5.65,榛子葉6月pH5.73,柞樹葉9月pH5.81顯著高于同種類的其他月份(P0。01),胡枝子7月pH5.57顯著高于6月(P0.01)；NH3-N濃度方面,山野豌豆9月16.01 mg/dL,胡枝子6月28.48 mg/dL,紫穗槐9月19.04 mg/dL,榛子葉9月24.64 mg/dL,柞樹葉9月8.74 mg/dL顯著高于同種類的其他月份(P0.01)；產(chǎn)氣量方面,山野豌豆9月208.33 ml,胡枝子6月229.67 ml,紫穗槐9月209.33 ml,榛子葉9月206.67 ml,柞樹葉6月143.67 ml,顯著高于同種類的其他月份(P0.01)；甲烷產(chǎn)量方面,山野豌豆8月245.44 umol顯著低于6、9月(P0.01),胡枝子6月932.60 umol顯著低于8、9月(P0.01),紫穗槐6月660.78 umol、榛子葉6月549.65 umol顯著低于同種類其他月份(P0.01),柞樹葉7月348.33 umol顯著低于8、9月(P0.01)；總揮發(fā)性脂肪酸方面,山野豌豆9月80.31m mol/L顯著高于6月(P0.05)和7、8月(P0.01),胡枝子6月95.11 m mol/L、紫穗槐9月78.95 m mol/L顯著高于同種類的其他月(P0.01),榛子葉7月72.25 m mol/L顯著高于6、8月(P0.05)和9月(P0.01),柞樹葉6月51.71 m mol/L顯著高于7月(P0.01)。綜合表明山野豌豆6月,胡枝子6月、紫穗槐9月、榛子葉7月、柞樹葉8月相比于同種類其他月份可以顯著增加瘤胃VFA含量,提高丙酸含量,NH3-N含量滿足瘤胃微生物需求,不抑制瘤胃正常發(fā)酵。
[Abstract]:The changes of tannin content and nutrient content of the leaves in different growth stages were studied in this study, and the influence of the forage grass on the rumen fermentation index was analyzed by in vitro culture method. The paper discusses the feeding value and the suitable utilization time, and provides the basic data base for the further development and utilization of the new feed resource for the wild peas, the Lespefruit, the Amorpha fruticosa, the hazelnut leaves and the leaves of the ginkgo tree. The results showed that the content of tannin in the tannin-containing forage in different growing periods was 6,7,8 and 8, and the samples were collected from the Changbai Mountain of Yanbian, Jilin, in the beginning of September, July, August and September,2014. The content of total phenol, simple phenol and tannin in the sample was determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu method, and the content of the condensed tannin in the sample was determined by the Vanilli-HCl method, and the water content, crude protein (CP) and neutral washing fiber (NDF) in the sample were determined by the routine method of feed. The content of the acid wash fiber (ADF) and the crude ash (Ash). The results showed that the content of total phenol, simple phenol, tannin and condensed tannin in the sample varied with the plant species and the content difference was large, and the content of the total phenol in the sample was higher than the total tannin content. The content of total tannin is higher than that of simple phenol, and the content of simple phenol is higher than the content of condensed tannin, and the content of total phenol is 39.20 g/ kg in September, the highest is 131.18 g/ kg in August, and the simple phenol content is 8.03 g/ kg in June, and the highest is 39.38 g/ kg of hazelnut leaf in June. The content of tannin was at least 25.85 g/ kg in June, the highest was 106.88 g/ kg in August, the content of condensed tannin was 3.48 g/ kg in September, and the highest content was 18.26 g/ kg in August. It is indicated that the plant species are the main factors that affect the phenolic content of the plant, and the conditions of the growth period of the plant also affect the content of the phenolic substances. In the experiment, the influence of the tannin-containing forage grass on the in vitro fermentation of the rumen was tested by the in-vitro fermentation method of the rumen. The dry matter of the above forage grass was taken as the fermentation substrate for 72 hours, and the pH value, the ammonia nitrogen content, the gas yield and the methane yield of the rumen fermentation were measured at 3,6,12,24,36,48 and 72 hours, respectively. The content of volatile fatty acids. The results of 72-hour fermentation showed that, in the aspect of pH, the pH value was higher than that in the other month of the same kind (P0.01). The pH of the leaves of the wild pea was higher than that in the other month of the same species (P0.01), and the pH of the leaves in July was significantly higher than that of the same species (P0.01), and the concentration of NH3-N was 16.01 mg/ dL in September. Hu Zhizi was 28.48 mg/ dL in June, 19.04 mg/ dL in Amorpha fruticosa, 24.64 mg/ dL for hazelnut leaves, and 8.74 mg/ dL in September, and was significantly higher than the other month of the same species (P0.01); in the aspect of gas production, the wild pea was 208.33ml in September, 229.67ml in June, September 209.33ml, and the hazelnut leaf was 206.67ml in September. In the same kind of other month (P0.01), the yield of methane was significantly lower than that of the other month (P0.01), and the yield of methane was significantly lower than that of June and September (P0.01). The leaf of hazelnut was significantly lower than the other month in the same kind (P0.01). The total volatile fatty acid content was significantly lower than that of the other month (P0.01), and the total volatile fatty acid was significantly higher than that in June (P0.05) and July, August (P0.01). The 72.25 m mol/ L of the hazelnut leaves was significantly higher than that in the other month of the same kind (P0.01), and the 72.25 m mol/ L of the hazelnut leaves was significantly higher than that of the other month in June and August (P0.05) and September (P0.01). The results showed that the content of VFA in the rumen, the content of propionic acid and the content of NH3-N could be increased significantly, and the normal fermentation of the rumen was not inhibited.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：延邊大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S816
本文編號：2479805
[Abstract]:The changes of tannin content and nutrient content of the leaves in different growth stages were studied in this study, and the influence of the forage grass on the rumen fermentation index was analyzed by in vitro culture method. The paper discusses the feeding value and the suitable utilization time, and provides the basic data base for the further development and utilization of the new feed resource for the wild peas, the Lespefruit, the Amorpha fruticosa, the hazelnut leaves and the leaves of the ginkgo tree. The results showed that the content of tannin in the tannin-containing forage in different growing periods was 6,7,8 and 8, and the samples were collected from the Changbai Mountain of Yanbian, Jilin, in the beginning of September, July, August and September,2014. The content of total phenol, simple phenol and tannin in the sample was determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu method, and the content of the condensed tannin in the sample was determined by the Vanilli-HCl method, and the water content, crude protein (CP) and neutral washing fiber (NDF) in the sample were determined by the routine method of feed. The content of the acid wash fiber (ADF) and the crude ash (Ash). The results showed that the content of total phenol, simple phenol, tannin and condensed tannin in the sample varied with the plant species and the content difference was large, and the content of the total phenol in the sample was higher than the total tannin content. The content of total tannin is higher than that of simple phenol, and the content of simple phenol is higher than the content of condensed tannin, and the content of total phenol is 39.20 g/ kg in September, the highest is 131.18 g/ kg in August, and the simple phenol content is 8.03 g/ kg in June, and the highest is 39.38 g/ kg of hazelnut leaf in June. The content of tannin was at least 25.85 g/ kg in June, the highest was 106.88 g/ kg in August, the content of condensed tannin was 3.48 g/ kg in September, and the highest content was 18.26 g/ kg in August. It is indicated that the plant species are the main factors that affect the phenolic content of the plant, and the conditions of the growth period of the plant also affect the content of the phenolic substances. In the experiment, the influence of the tannin-containing forage grass on the in vitro fermentation of the rumen was tested by the in-vitro fermentation method of the rumen. The dry matter of the above forage grass was taken as the fermentation substrate for 72 hours, and the pH value, the ammonia nitrogen content, the gas yield and the methane yield of the rumen fermentation were measured at 3,6,12,24,36,48 and 72 hours, respectively. The content of volatile fatty acids. The results of 72-hour fermentation showed that, in the aspect of pH, the pH value was higher than that in the other month of the same kind (P0.01). The pH of the leaves of the wild pea was higher than that in the other month of the same species (P0.01), and the pH of the leaves in July was significantly higher than that of the same species (P0.01), and the concentration of NH3-N was 16.01 mg/ dL in September. Hu Zhizi was 28.48 mg/ dL in June, 19.04 mg/ dL in Amorpha fruticosa, 24.64 mg/ dL for hazelnut leaves, and 8.74 mg/ dL in September, and was significantly higher than the other month of the same species (P0.01); in the aspect of gas production, the wild pea was 208.33ml in September, 229.67ml in June, September 209.33ml, and the hazelnut leaf was 206.67ml in September. In the same kind of other month (P0.01), the yield of methane was significantly lower than that of the other month (P0.01), and the yield of methane was significantly lower than that of June and September (P0.01). The leaf of hazelnut was significantly lower than the other month in the same kind (P0.01). The total volatile fatty acid content was significantly lower than that of the other month (P0.01), and the total volatile fatty acid was significantly higher than that in June (P0.05) and July, August (P0.01). The 72.25 m mol/ L of the hazelnut leaves was significantly higher than that in the other month of the same kind (P0.01), and the 72.25 m mol/ L of the hazelnut leaves was significantly higher than that of the other month in June and August (P0.05) and September (P0.01). The results showed that the content of VFA in the rumen, the content of propionic acid and the content of NH3-N could be increased significantly, and the normal fermentation of the rumen was not inhibited.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：延邊大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S816
【參考文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條
1 李龍瑞;張吉濵;鄒慶華;;稻草添補(bǔ)百脈根體外甲烷產(chǎn)量的動態(tài)響應(yīng)[J];草業(yè)科學(xué);2012年01期
2 牛菊蘭，，馬文生;紅豆草中單寧對過瘤胃蛋白的保護(hù)研究[J];草業(yè)科學(xué);1995年03期
3 劉黎明,張鳳榮,趙英偉;2000-2050年中國草地資源綜合生產(chǎn)能力預(yù)測分析[J];草業(yè)學(xué)報;2002年01期
4 黃自然;陳芳艷;呂雪娟;蘇坤成;;桑、柞樹資源在飼料、食品及醫(yī)藥的應(yīng)用[J];廣東蠶業(yè);2007年03期
5 郝力壯;王萬邦;王迅;張曉衛(wèi);趙月平;崔占鴻;劉書杰;;三江源區(qū)嵩草草地枯草期牧草營養(yǎng)價值評定及載畜量研究[J];草地學(xué)報;2013年01期
6 王金梅;李運(yùn)起;;紫穗槐飼用價值及深加工技術(shù)[J];黑龍江畜牧獸醫(yī);2006年11期
7 王慶麗;田蘭英;趙仁義;王峰;;影響奶牛瘤胃pH值的因素[J];河南畜牧獸醫(yī)(綜合版);2008年10期
8 ;我國飼料資源開發(fā)現(xiàn)狀[J];江西飼料;2013年02期
9 彭中山;;利用飼草資源發(fā)展草食畜牧業(yè)[J];草業(yè)與畜牧;2007年01期
10 馬志紅,陸忠兵,石碧;單寧酸的化學(xué)性質(zhì)及應(yīng)用[J];天然產(chǎn)物研究與開發(fā);2003年01期
相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條
1 徐曉鋒;縮合單寧與水解單寧對奶牛日糧氮利用影響及作用機(jī)制的研究[D];中國農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2013年
相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前2條
1 王靜;高寒地區(qū)植物中酚類物質(zhì)含量動態(tài)及其與抗寒性關(guān)系的研究[D];甘肅農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2005年
2 王艷菲;38種常規(guī)粗飼料分級指數(shù)（2009）的測定[D];東北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2014年
本文編號：2479805
本文鏈接：http://sikaile.net/yixuelunwen/dongwuyixue/2479805.html
最近更新
教材專著
