桑葉黃酮和熱帶假絲對(duì)犢牛生長(zhǎng)性能、屠宰性能、肉品質(zhì)及血清指標(biāo)的影響
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-04-10 11:27
【摘要】：試驗(yàn)一:桑葉黃酮與熱帶假絲酵母菌對(duì)斷奶前后犢牛生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育和營(yíng)養(yǎng)物質(zhì)消化率的影響本試驗(yàn)旨在研究桑葉黃酮和熱帶假絲酵母菌及其混合物對(duì)犢牛體重、體尺指數(shù)和營(yíng)養(yǎng)物質(zhì)消化率的影響。試驗(yàn)選取20日齡、48頭荷斯坦公犢牛,根據(jù)日齡和體重隨機(jī)分為4個(gè)處理組。對(duì)照組(CON組)飼喂基礎(chǔ)日糧,其它3組分別在基礎(chǔ)日糧的基礎(chǔ)上添加桑葉黃酮(MLF組),熱帶假絲酵母菌(CT組),桑葉黃酮和熱帶假絲酵母混合物(CG組)。結(jié)果顯示:1)CG組的體長(zhǎng)顯著高于CON組和CT組(P0.05),MLF組顯著提高了犢牛42、56、80日齡的體長(zhǎng)指數(shù)(P0.05),CT組顯著提高了犢牛56日齡體長(zhǎng)指數(shù)(P0.05)。2)56日齡時(shí),MLF組、CT組和CG組的犢牛體重均顯著高于CON組(P0.05);80日齡時(shí),MLF組和CG組的體重顯著高于CON組與CT組(P0.05)。3)斷奶前,CT組的NDF表觀消化率顯著高于其它三組(P0.05);斷奶后,MLF、CT、CG三組EE的表觀消化率顯著高于CON組(P0.05)。試驗(yàn)二:桑葉黃酮對(duì)斷奶應(yīng)激犢牛血清激素和細(xì)胞因子的影響試驗(yàn)選取24頭20日齡初生荷斯坦公犢牛,根據(jù)日齡和體重隨機(jī)分為2個(gè)處理組,每個(gè)處理12頭牛,分為對(duì)照組(CON組)和桑葉黃酮(MLF組)。結(jié)果顯示:1)在基礎(chǔ)日糧中添加桑葉黃酮可以提高血清激素水平,56日齡時(shí),MLF組的GH、INS、IGF-1顯著高于CON組(P0.05)。2)56日齡時(shí),MLF組顯著提高了IL-4含量并降低了IL-6、INF-γ、TNF-ɑ細(xì)胞因子的含量(P0.05)。試驗(yàn)三:桑葉黃酮與熱帶假絲酵母菌對(duì)斷奶應(yīng)后犢牛屠宰性能、組織器官和肉品質(zhì)的影響試驗(yàn)選取20頭20日齡初生荷斯坦公犢牛,根據(jù)日齡和體重隨機(jī)分為4個(gè)處理組,分別為對(duì)照組(CON組)、桑葉黃酮(MLF組),熱帶假絲酵母菌(CT組),桑葉黃酮和熱帶假絲酵母混合物(CG組),每個(gè)處理5頭牛,在試驗(yàn)結(jié)束即80日齡時(shí)進(jìn)行屠宰。結(jié)果顯示:1)MLF組和CT組顯著提高了犢牛的宰前活重和胴體重(P0.05),MLF組的眼肌面積顯著高于CON組(P0.05)。2)與CON組相比,CG組顯著提高了熟肉率(P0.05),MLF組和CG組顯著提高了pH值,提升幅度分別為5.28%和4.55%(P0.05),pH變化均在正常范圍內(nèi)。3)與CON組相比,三個(gè)添加組的皮+毛重量均顯著增加(P0.05),MLF組和CT組顯著增加了心臟重量(P0.05),CG組顯著增加了肝臟重量(P0.05);MLF組和CG組顯著增加了脾臟和肺臟重量(P0.05),并顯著提高了脾臟所占宰前活重比例(P0.05)。4)與CON組相比,MLF組、CT組和CG組顯著提高了犢牛的全胃重量、瘤胃重量、瘤胃占宰前活重比例(P0.05),CG組顯著提高了瘤胃占全胃總重的比例、瓣胃重量和大腸重量(P0.05),CG組皺胃占全胃比例顯著低于其他三組(P0.05)。綜上所述,在幼齡犢牛日糧中添加桑葉黃酮和熱帶假絲酵母菌顯著提高了犢牛EE、NDF和ADF的表觀消化率,促進(jìn)了胃腸道和組織器官的發(fā)育,進(jìn)而提高了犢牛的生產(chǎn)性能和肉品質(zhì);桑葉黃酮可以減緩斷奶應(yīng)激和提高免疫,其中桑葉黃酮和熱帶假絲酵母菌具有協(xié)同作用,混合添加優(yōu)于單獨(dú)添加。
[Abstract]:Experiment 1: effects of mulberry flavones and Candida tropicalis on growth, development and nutrient digestibility of calves before and after weaning. The purpose of this experiment was to study the effects of mulberry flavones and Candida tropicalis and their mixture on calf weight. Effects of body scale index and nutrient digestibility. Forty-eight Holstein calves aged 20 days were randomly divided into 4 groups according to their age and weight. The control group (CON group) was fed with basal diet. The other three groups were supplemented with mulberry leaf flavones (MLF group), Candida tropicalis (CT group), mulberry flavones and Candida tropicalis mixture (CG group) on the basis of basal diet. The results showed that: 1) the body length of CG group was significantly higher than that of CON group and CT group (P0.05), and the body length index of calves aged 42, 56, 80 days was significantly increased in), MLF group (P0.05). At the age of 56 days, the weight of calves in MLF group, CT group and CG group was significantly higher than that in CON group (P0.05). (2) at the age of 56 days, the body weight of calves in CT group was significantly higher than that in CON group (P0.05). At 80 days old, the body weight of MLF group and CG group was significantly higher than that of CON group and CT group (P0.05). 3) before weaning, the apparent digestibility of NDF in CT group was significantly higher than that in other three groups (P0.05). After weaning, the apparent digestibility of EE in MLF,CT,CG group was significantly higher than that in CON group (P0.05). Experiment 2: effects of flavonoids from mulberry leaves on serum hormones and cytokines in weaning stressed calves 24 Holstein calves born at 20 days of age were randomly divided into two groups according to their age and body weight, each of which was 12 cows. They were divided into two groups: control group (CON group) and mulberry leaf flavonoids (MLF group). The results showed that: 1) the level of serum hormone was increased by adding flavonoids from mulberry leaves in basal diet. At the age of 56 days, the GH,INS,IGF-1 of MLF group was significantly higher than that of CON group (P0.05). 2) at the age of 56 days, the level of serum hormone was higher than that of CON group. MLF group significantly increased the content of IL-4 and decreased the content of IL-6,INF- 緯 and TNF- cytokines (P0.05). Experiment 3: the effects of flavonoids from mulberry leaves and Candida tropicalis on slaughtering performance, tissue, organ and meat quality of weaned calves were studied. Twenty Holstein calves of 20 days old were randomly divided into 4 groups according to their age and body weight. Control group (CON group), mulberry leaf flavonoids (MLF group), Candida tropicalis (CT group), mulberry flavones and Candida tropicalis mixture (CG group) were slaughtered at the end of the experiment, that is, 80 days old. The results showed that: 1) MLF group and CT group significantly increased the premortem live weight and carcass weight of calves (P0.05) the eye muscle area of), MLF group was significantly higher than that of CON group (P0.05). 2) compared with CON group, CG group significantly increased the percentage of cooked meat (P0.05). MLF group and CG group significantly increased the pH value by 5.28% and 4.55% respectively (P0.05), pH change was within the normal range. 3) compared with the CON group, the fur weight of the three additive groups were significantly increased (P0.05). MLF group and CT group significantly increased heart weight (P0.05), CG group significantly increased liver weight (P0.05); MLF group and CG group significantly increased the weight of spleen and lung (P0.05), and significantly increased the proportion of spleen to premortem live weight (P0.05). 4) compared with CON group, MLF group, CT group and CG group significantly increased the whole stomach weight of calves. Rumen weight, rumen to premortem live weight ratio (P0.05), CG group significantly increased rumen to total stomach weight, valvular weight and large intestine weight (P0.05), CG group abomasum proportion of the whole stomach was significantly lower than the other three groups (P0.05). In conclusion, adding mulberry leaf flavones and Candida tropicalis to the diets of young calves significantly increased the apparent digestibility of EE,NDF and ADF, and promoted the development of gastrointestinal tract and tissues and organs. Furthermore, the production performance and meat quality of calves were improved. Flavonoids from mulberry leaves can reduce weaning stress and improve immunity. Among them, mulberry flavones and Candida tropicalis have synergistic effect, mixed addition is better than adding alone.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北工程大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：S823
[Abstract]:Experiment 1: effects of mulberry flavones and Candida tropicalis on growth, development and nutrient digestibility of calves before and after weaning. The purpose of this experiment was to study the effects of mulberry flavones and Candida tropicalis and their mixture on calf weight. Effects of body scale index and nutrient digestibility. Forty-eight Holstein calves aged 20 days were randomly divided into 4 groups according to their age and weight. The control group (CON group) was fed with basal diet. The other three groups were supplemented with mulberry leaf flavones (MLF group), Candida tropicalis (CT group), mulberry flavones and Candida tropicalis mixture (CG group) on the basis of basal diet. The results showed that: 1) the body length of CG group was significantly higher than that of CON group and CT group (P0.05), and the body length index of calves aged 42, 56, 80 days was significantly increased in), MLF group (P0.05). At the age of 56 days, the weight of calves in MLF group, CT group and CG group was significantly higher than that in CON group (P0.05). (2) at the age of 56 days, the body weight of calves in CT group was significantly higher than that in CON group (P0.05). At 80 days old, the body weight of MLF group and CG group was significantly higher than that of CON group and CT group (P0.05). 3) before weaning, the apparent digestibility of NDF in CT group was significantly higher than that in other three groups (P0.05). After weaning, the apparent digestibility of EE in MLF,CT,CG group was significantly higher than that in CON group (P0.05). Experiment 2: effects of flavonoids from mulberry leaves on serum hormones and cytokines in weaning stressed calves 24 Holstein calves born at 20 days of age were randomly divided into two groups according to their age and body weight, each of which was 12 cows. They were divided into two groups: control group (CON group) and mulberry leaf flavonoids (MLF group). The results showed that: 1) the level of serum hormone was increased by adding flavonoids from mulberry leaves in basal diet. At the age of 56 days, the GH,INS,IGF-1 of MLF group was significantly higher than that of CON group (P0.05). 2) at the age of 56 days, the level of serum hormone was higher than that of CON group. MLF group significantly increased the content of IL-4 and decreased the content of IL-6,INF- 緯 and TNF- cytokines (P0.05). Experiment 3: the effects of flavonoids from mulberry leaves and Candida tropicalis on slaughtering performance, tissue, organ and meat quality of weaned calves were studied. Twenty Holstein calves of 20 days old were randomly divided into 4 groups according to their age and body weight. Control group (CON group), mulberry leaf flavonoids (MLF group), Candida tropicalis (CT group), mulberry flavones and Candida tropicalis mixture (CG group) were slaughtered at the end of the experiment, that is, 80 days old. The results showed that: 1) MLF group and CT group significantly increased the premortem live weight and carcass weight of calves (P0.05) the eye muscle area of), MLF group was significantly higher than that of CON group (P0.05). 2) compared with CON group, CG group significantly increased the percentage of cooked meat (P0.05). MLF group and CG group significantly increased the pH value by 5.28% and 4.55% respectively (P0.05), pH change was within the normal range. 3) compared with the CON group, the fur weight of the three additive groups were significantly increased (P0.05). MLF group and CT group significantly increased heart weight (P0.05), CG group significantly increased liver weight (P0.05); MLF group and CG group significantly increased the weight of spleen and lung (P0.05), and significantly increased the proportion of spleen to premortem live weight (P0.05). 4) compared with CON group, MLF group, CT group and CG group significantly increased the whole stomach weight of calves. Rumen weight, rumen to premortem live weight ratio (P0.05), CG group significantly increased rumen to total stomach weight, valvular weight and large intestine weight (P0.05), CG group abomasum proportion of the whole stomach was significantly lower than the other three groups (P0.05). In conclusion, adding mulberry leaf flavones and Candida tropicalis to the diets of young calves significantly increased the apparent digestibility of EE,NDF and ADF, and promoted the development of gastrointestinal tract and tissues and organs. Furthermore, the production performance and meat quality of calves were improved. Flavonoids from mulberry leaves can reduce weaning stress and improve immunity. Among them, mulberry flavones and Candida tropicalis have synergistic effect, mixed addition is better than adding alone.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北工程大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：S823
【參考文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條
1 章毅;劉云峰;高t熡，
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