【摘要】：為了充分利用自動測定設(shè)備所獲得的采食行為與體重的詳細(xì)記錄,深入探討大白豬生長規(guī)律與采食規(guī)律及其相關(guān)性,為合理制定給料方案、飼養(yǎng)管理制度以及調(diào)整選育方法提供理論依據(jù),以河北某種豬場純種大白豬為研究對象,采集2015年該場大白豬生產(chǎn)性能測定系統(tǒng)(FIRE)自動記錄數(shù)據(jù),結(jié)合該場種豬檔案,分析大白豬的采食規(guī)律和生長規(guī)律。(1)采用多因素協(xié)方差分析方法分析批次(季節(jié))、日齡、體重對試驗豬的單次采食量、采食時間的影響。結(jié)果顯示不同批次(季節(jié))、日齡、體重試驗豬的單次采食量、采食時間差異顯著(p0.05)。測定期大白豬單次采食量為0.18±0.18 kg,單次采食時間為7.23±6.63 min。(2)對日齡、體重、單次采食量、采食時間進(jìn)行相關(guān)性分析結(jié)果顯示,大白豬單次采食量與日齡、體重以及單次采食時間具有極顯著的正向關(guān)系;大白豬的單次采食時間與其日齡、體重具有極顯著的負(fù)相關(guān)關(guān)系。30-90 kg體重生長大白母豬日平均采食量與體重水平、日平均采食次數(shù)、日平均累計采食時間呈正相關(guān)關(guān)系,與單次平均采食時間呈負(fù)相關(guān)關(guān)系;日平均采食次數(shù)與日齡水平、體重水平呈正相關(guān)關(guān)系;日平均累計采食時間、單次平均采食時間與體重階段水平呈負(fù)相關(guān)關(guān)系。(3)多因素方差分析法分析不同日齡水平、不同體重水平對大白豬日平均采食量、日平均采食次數(shù)、日平均采食時間的影響。結(jié)果顯示,不同日齡、體重水平對試驗豬日采食行為影響差異顯著(p0.05)。70-100日齡、100-140日齡、100-140日齡大白豬日平均采食量分別為1.5806±0.59 kg、2.17±0.70kg和2.49±0.87 kg,日平均采食次數(shù)分別為10.74±4.78、11.39±5.71和12.84±5.87,日平均采食時間分別為94.45±35.37 min、86.63±31.70 min和77.84±30.90 min;30-50 kg、50-70 kg、70-90 kg、90-100 kg體重階段大白母豬的日平均采食量分別為1.74±0.26kg、2.12±0.25 kg、2.45±0.24 kg和2.73±0.42 kg,日平均采食次數(shù)分別為13.71±4.05、15.98±4.41、16.37±5.95和16.42±5.81次,日平均采食時間分別為114.22±25.52 min、108.80±27.48min、100.14±21.03 min和101.00±21.20 min。(4)對每天大白豬的采食次數(shù)、采食時間進(jìn)行方差分析,確定24 h內(nèi)大白豬采食行為的活躍等級。結(jié)果顯示,8:00-10:00、13:00-18:00大白豬采食時間、采食次數(shù)顯著高于其他時間(p0.05)。(5)對不同時間段無效采食、短暫采食現(xiàn)象的分析結(jié)果顯示,性別對短暫采食、無效采食影響顯著,白天無效采食、短暫采食顯著高于夜間(p0.05)。(6)性別對日增重、100 kg校正背膘影響的研究結(jié)果顯示,試驗公、母豬日增重、100 kg校正背膘具有顯著差異(p0.05);大白公、母豬日增重分別為788.81±95.22 g、820.62±102.91 g,100 kg校正背膘厚分別為10.18±2.38 mm、10.77±2.07 mm。(7)大白豬結(jié)測日齡體重與之前各階段體重間存在正相關(guān),相關(guān)程度隨測定豬日齡增加而提高,相關(guān)系數(shù)曲線的顯著下降點出現(xiàn)在結(jié)測日齡前20 d和32 d。通過以上研究結(jié)果得出以下結(jié)論:(1)隨著大白豬日齡的不斷增加采食量不斷增加,采食時間逐漸減少,白天采食發(fā)生頻率遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)高于夜間,采食行為集中出現(xiàn)在8:00-10:00,14:00-18:00。(2)30-100 kg體重階段大白豬生長基本為直線型增重,但生長曲線擬合結(jié)果表明部分豬只在此期間會出現(xiàn)生長拐點。(3)根據(jù)對大白豬自由采食行為的分析,建議在人工飼養(yǎng)的情況下采取4次的飼喂制度。(4)目前普遍采用的大白豬結(jié)測體重可以適當(dāng)提前,但結(jié)測是體重不應(yīng)低于85 kg。
[Abstract]:In order to make full use of the detailed records of the feed intake behavior and body weight obtained by the automatic measuring equipment, the growth law of the large white pig and the feed intake law and its correlation are discussed in detail, and the theoretical basis is provided for the rational development of the feeding plan, the feeding management system and the adjustment and breeding method. In this paper, the data of the production performance measurement system (FIRE) of the large white pig in a pig farm in Hebei province was collected, and the data of the production performance measurement system (FIRE) of the large white pig in 2015 were collected, and the feed intake and growth rules of the large white pigs were analyzed. (1) The effects of lots (seasons), age and body weight on the single feed intake and intake time of the test pigs were analyzed by the multi-factor covariance analysis method. The results showed that the feed intake and intake time were significant (p0.05) in different lots (seasons), age and body weight test pigs. The single feed intake of the large white pigs was 0.18 to 0.18 kg, and the single feed intake was 7.23 to 6.63 min. (2) The results of correlation analysis of age, body weight, single feed intake and feed intake time showed that the single feed intake of the large white pig had a very significant positive relationship with age, body weight and single feed intake time, and the single feed intake time of the large white pig was related to the age of the day. The average feed intake and the daily average feed intake of 30-90 kg body weight were positively correlated with the daily average feed intake and the daily average feed intake and the day-of-day. There was a positive correlation between body weight and body weight. The average daily intake time and the single average intake time were negatively correlated with the level of body weight. (3) The effect of different weight levels on average feed intake, daily average feed intake and daily average feed intake was analyzed by multi-factor analysis of variance. The results showed that the average feed intake was 1.5806, 0.59 kg, 2.17-0.70kg and 2.49-0.87kg, respectively, and the average daily intake times were 10.74-4.78, 11.39-5.71 and 12.84-5.87, respectively. The daily average feed intake was 94.45-35.37 min, 86.63-31.70 min and 77.84-30.90 min. The daily average feed intake of 30-50 kg,50-70 kg,70-90 kg,90-100 kg body weight was 1.74-0.26 kg, 2.12-0.25 kg, 2.45-0.24 kg and 2.73-0.42 kg, respectively. The average daily intake times were 13.71, 4.05, 15.98, 4.41, 16.37, 5.95 and 16.42, 5.81 times, respectively, and the average daily intake time was 114.22, 25.52 min, 108.80, 27.48 min, 100.14, 21.03 min and 101.00 to 21.20 min, respectively. (4) The feed intake and the intake time of the large white pigs were analyzed by variance analysis, and the active level of the feeding behavior of the large white pigs in 24 h was determined. The results showed that the feed intake of 8:00-10:00,13:00-18:00 was significantly higher than that of other time (p0.05). (5) The results of the analysis of the short feed intake and the short feed intake in different time periods showed that the effect of sex on the short feed intake, the effect of ineffective intake was significant, the food intake was ineffective during the day, and the short feed intake was significantly higher than that of the night (p0.05). (6) The results of the study on the effect of gender on daily gain and 100 kg on the back-weight of the sows showed that the daily gain of the male and female pigs and the daily gain of the sows were 788.81, 95.22 g, 820.62, 102.91 g and 100 kg, respectively, of 10.18 and 2.38mm, respectively. 10.77鹵2.07 mm. (7) There was a positive correlation between the weight of the day-of-day weight of the large white pig and the body weight of the previous stage, and the correlation degree was increased with the increase of the day-of-day of the pig. The significant drop point of the correlation coefficient curve was found at 20d and 32d before the day-of-day. The following conclusions were obtained by the above results: (1) With the increasing feed intake of the age of the large white pig, the feed intake time is gradually reduced, and the feeding frequency of the day is much higher than that of the night, and the feed intake behavior is concentrated at 8:00-10:00,14:00-18:00. (2) The growth of the large white pigs in the 30-100 kg body weight stage was the linear weight gain. (3) According to the analysis of the free feed behavior of the large white pigs, it is suggested to take 4 feeding systems in the case of artificial raising. (4) The body weight of the widely used white pig can be advanced in advance, but the body weight should not be lower than 85 kg.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S828

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

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1 徐菲;仝光;黃川;;國外數(shù)字化養(yǎng)豬新技術(shù)的引進(jìn)對提高我國養(yǎng)豬生產(chǎn)成績的作用與示范[A];東北養(yǎng)豬研究會2010學(xué)術(shù)年會論文專集[C];2010年

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