巢湖鴨品系選育及羽色相關(guān)基因表達(dá)研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-03-14 08:50
【摘要】：我國地方鴨種資源豐富,地方優(yōu)良鴨種的選育和開發(fā)利用已經(jīng)成為各地研究熱點(diǎn)。羽色既是品種的重要特征,也是重要的經(jīng)濟(jì)性狀,在鴨育種工作中常常關(guān)注羽色的整齊度,黑色素含量和分布決定動物的羽(毛)色,研究羽色遺傳規(guī)律具有重要的意義。本試驗通過建立巢湖鴨基礎(chǔ)群,并連續(xù)選育2個世代,建立巢湖鴨專門化品系。在此基礎(chǔ)上,開展了巢湖鴨和櫻桃谷鴨雜交后代羽色分離及相關(guān)基因表達(dá)研究,探索鴨羽色遺傳情況。研究結(jié)果如下:1.建立巢湖鴨L系和H系,L系主選性狀為早期生長速度兼顧羽色,共28個家系,H系主選性狀為成年體重和40周齡產(chǎn)蛋率,共50個家系。經(jīng)連續(xù)2個世代選育,L系12周齡體重達(dá)2235g,較0世代提高12.0%,公母鴨初生重達(dá)50.8g和51.2g,較0世代分別提高了8.8%和7.1%;H系40周齡產(chǎn)蛋量達(dá)112枚,較0世代提高36.6%,種蛋受精率到達(dá)95%,較0世代提高了7.9%。巢湖鴨新品系選育取得初步成效。2.巢湖鴨與櫻桃谷鴨雜交F1代與自交F2代在2周齡前羽色表型為黑羽,灰羽和黃羽;至第六周羽毛更換為青年羽,僅觀察到黑白羽和麻羽表型。飼養(yǎng)到第六周對羽色分離進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計:F1代中黑白羽鴨和麻羽鴨比例為9:6(χ2=0.28,P0.05),F2代中黑白羽鴨和麻羽鴨比例為9:7(χ2=0.01,P0.05),其中黑白羽鴨中白羽多位于頸部和翅膀。3.F1代和F2代的麻羽鴨TYR基因在第四周表達(dá)量達(dá)最高峰為4.01(p0.05)和5.43(p0.01),且麻羽鴨組和黑白羽鴨組該基因隨周齡的表達(dá)趨勢整體一致。F1代麻羽鴨MITF基因在第四周與第五周表達(dá)量分別為0.83(p0.05)和1.05(p0.01),顯著高于同周齡櫻桃谷鴨和巢湖鴨。黑白羽鴨的表達(dá)量隨周齡變化趨勢一致。F1代麻羽鴨和黑白羽鴨KIT基因在第四周表達(dá)量分別為2.44(p0.01)和1.9(p0.05),顯著高于同周齡的櫻桃谷鴨和巢湖鴨。比較三個基因的整體表達(dá)得出,隨著周齡的變化,F1代和F2代黑白羽鴨和麻羽鴨的三個基因表達(dá)趨勢趨于一致,且第四周和第五周均為相對表達(dá)量的高峰期。
[Abstract]:There are plenty of local duck breeds in China, and the breeding, development and utilization of local fine duck breeds have become the focus of research all over the world. Feather color is not only an important feature of breed, but also an important economic character. In duck breeding work, it is very important to pay attention to the uniformity of feather color, and the content and distribution of melanin determine the feather (hair) color of animals. It is of great significance to study the heredity of feather color. In this experiment, Chaohu duck basic group was established, and two generations were continuously selected to establish Chaohu duck specialized chemical line. On this basis, the feather color isolation and related gene expression of hybrid progeny of Chaohu duck and Cherry Valley duck were carried out to explore the genetic situation of duck feather color. The results of the study are as follows: 1. The L-line and H-line of Chaohu duck were established. The main selection traits of L-line were early growth rate and feather color. The main selection traits of H-line were adult weight and egg-laying rate at 40 weeks, and 50 families were selected. The weight of L line was 2235g at 12 weeks, which was 12.0% higher than that of 0 generation. The birth weight of male duck was 50.8 g and 51.2 g, which was 8.8% and 7.1% higher than that of 0 generation, respectively. The number of eggs produced at 40 weeks of age in H line was 112, which was 36.6% higher than that of 0 generation, 95% higher than that of 0 generation, and 7.9% higher than that of 0 generation. Preliminary results have been obtained in the breeding of Chaohu duck new strain. 2. Chaohu duck and Cherry Valley duck hybrid F1 and inbred F2 generation were black feather, gray feather and yellow feather before the age of 2 weeks, but only black and white feather and hemp feather phenotype were observed in the sixth week when the feather changed to young feather. The ratio of black-and-white feather duck to hemp duck in F1 generation was 9:6 (蠂 ~ 2 脳 0.28, P0.05), and the ratio of black-and-white feather duck to hemp duck in F2 generation was 9:7 (蠂 ~ 2 脳 0.01, P0.05). In the black-and-white ducks, the white feathers were mostly located in the neck and wings. 3. The expression of TYR gene in the first generation and the second generation reached the highest level in the fourth week, which was 4.01 (p0.05) and 5.43 (p0.01), respectively. The expression trend of this gene was consistent with the age of week. The expression levels of MITF gene in F1 generation were 0.83 (p0.05) and 1.05 (p0.01) at the fourth and fifth week, respectively. It was significantly higher than that of Cherry Valley duck and Chaohu duck at the same age. The expression levels of KIT gene were 2.44 (p0.01) and 1.9 (p0.05) in F1 generation Ma-feather duck and black-and-white feather duck, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in cherry valley duck and Chaohu duck at the same age. Comparing the expression of the three genes, it was found that the expression trend of the three genes in F1 and F2 generations of black-and-white duck and Ma-feather duck tended to be the same with the change of week age, and the peak of relative expression was found in the fourth and fifth weeks.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S834
本文編號：2439833
[Abstract]:There are plenty of local duck breeds in China, and the breeding, development and utilization of local fine duck breeds have become the focus of research all over the world. Feather color is not only an important feature of breed, but also an important economic character. In duck breeding work, it is very important to pay attention to the uniformity of feather color, and the content and distribution of melanin determine the feather (hair) color of animals. It is of great significance to study the heredity of feather color. In this experiment, Chaohu duck basic group was established, and two generations were continuously selected to establish Chaohu duck specialized chemical line. On this basis, the feather color isolation and related gene expression of hybrid progeny of Chaohu duck and Cherry Valley duck were carried out to explore the genetic situation of duck feather color. The results of the study are as follows: 1. The L-line and H-line of Chaohu duck were established. The main selection traits of L-line were early growth rate and feather color. The main selection traits of H-line were adult weight and egg-laying rate at 40 weeks, and 50 families were selected. The weight of L line was 2235g at 12 weeks, which was 12.0% higher than that of 0 generation. The birth weight of male duck was 50.8 g and 51.2 g, which was 8.8% and 7.1% higher than that of 0 generation, respectively. The number of eggs produced at 40 weeks of age in H line was 112, which was 36.6% higher than that of 0 generation, 95% higher than that of 0 generation, and 7.9% higher than that of 0 generation. Preliminary results have been obtained in the breeding of Chaohu duck new strain. 2. Chaohu duck and Cherry Valley duck hybrid F1 and inbred F2 generation were black feather, gray feather and yellow feather before the age of 2 weeks, but only black and white feather and hemp feather phenotype were observed in the sixth week when the feather changed to young feather. The ratio of black-and-white feather duck to hemp duck in F1 generation was 9:6 (蠂 ~ 2 脳 0.28, P0.05), and the ratio of black-and-white feather duck to hemp duck in F2 generation was 9:7 (蠂 ~ 2 脳 0.01, P0.05). In the black-and-white ducks, the white feathers were mostly located in the neck and wings. 3. The expression of TYR gene in the first generation and the second generation reached the highest level in the fourth week, which was 4.01 (p0.05) and 5.43 (p0.01), respectively. The expression trend of this gene was consistent with the age of week. The expression levels of MITF gene in F1 generation were 0.83 (p0.05) and 1.05 (p0.01) at the fourth and fifth week, respectively. It was significantly higher than that of Cherry Valley duck and Chaohu duck at the same age. The expression levels of KIT gene were 2.44 (p0.01) and 1.9 (p0.05) in F1 generation Ma-feather duck and black-and-white feather duck, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in cherry valley duck and Chaohu duck at the same age. Comparing the expression of the three genes, it was found that the expression trend of the three genes in F1 and F2 generations of black-and-white duck and Ma-feather duck tended to be the same with the change of week age, and the peak of relative expression was found in the fourth and fifth weeks.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S834
【參考文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條
1 燕翔;陳興勇;耿照玉;;巢湖麻鴨MSTN基因單核苷酸多態(tài)性與體重和屠體性狀的關(guān)聯(lián)分析[J];安徽農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)學(xué)報;2014年05期
2 杜金平;丁山河;梁振華;蒲躍進(jìn);潘愛鑾;吳艷;皮勁松;申杰;董黎明;齊冬冬;陳志華;;荊江蛋鴨Ⅰ系的選育研究[J];湖北農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué);2013年24期
3 鄭嫩珠;辛清武;繆中緯;朱志明;陳暉;;黑色素基因在半番鴨及番鴨不同羽色中的差異表達(dá)研究[J];福建農(nóng)業(yè)學(xué)報;2013年05期
4 張勝富;趙永高;陳正斌;;高郵鴨育種進(jìn)展[J];水禽世界;2011年03期
5 劉麗;席冬梅;陳亮;孫守榮;何奕多;毛華明;鄧衛(wèi)東;;酪氨酸酶基因遺傳變異的研究進(jìn)展[J];中國畜牧獸醫(yī);2010年12期
6 薛素美;王光瑛;李慧芳;;騾鴨的育種研究進(jìn)展[J];中國家禽;2009年22期
7 武艷平;霍俊宏;謝金防;謝明貴;季華員;劉林秀;儲怡士;唐維國;;畜禽黑色素及其候選基因研究進(jìn)展[J];中國畜牧獸醫(yī);2009年10期
8 黃銀花;李寧;D.W.Burt;吳非;;鴨基因組研究現(xiàn)狀和未來展望[J];中國家禽;2009年09期
9 高莉;董常生;赫曉燕;賀俊平;耿建軍;范瑞文;朱芷薇;游蓉麗;;羊駝酪氨酸酶基因家族在不同毛色個體中的基因表達(dá)水平[J];畜牧獸醫(yī)學(xué)報;2008年07期
10 吳磊;范衛(wèi)新;;毛囊色素[J];國際皮膚性病學(xué)雜志;2006年03期
相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條
1 王勇生;北京鴨胸肌發(fā)育候選基因的研究[D];西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué);2006年
相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前2條
1 夏婷婷;巢湖鴨群體遺傳多樣性和IMP含量與ADSL基因多態(tài)關(guān)聯(lián)分析[D];安徽農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2014年
2 彭光蘭;天府肉鴨商品系優(yōu)選研究及經(jīng)營模式探討[D];四川農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2004年
，本文編號：2439833
本文鏈接：http://sikaile.net/yixuelunwen/dongwuyixue/2439833.html
最近更新
教材專著
