【摘要】：為了提高植物提取物在生豬健康養(yǎng)殖中的運用價值,開展植物提取物在促進生豬生長繁殖、防治豬疫病中的運用具有重要意義。本實驗主要研究澳洲茶油樹精油對豬生產(chǎn)性能及免疫功能的影響,為開展澳洲茶油樹精油在生豬健康養(yǎng)殖中的應(yīng)用提供基礎(chǔ)。試驗一:以200頭個體重約16kg的健康杜×長×大三元雜交仔豬分為2組,分別為澳洲茶油樹精油試驗組、不飼喂提取物的對照組;全程飼養(yǎng)120 d,記錄豬的發(fā)病死亡、采食量、稱重等數(shù)據(jù);測定兩組豬日增重、料肉比的情況,并通過屠宰測定獲得豬屠宰性能,檢測豬肌肉氨基酸、脂肪酸的組成情況。試驗結(jié)果表明:1、澳洲茶油樹精油能夠明顯提高豬的日增重和出欄重。在飼喂澳洲茶油樹精油30 d、60 d、90 d、120 d后日增重分別比對照組提高了0.05 kg、0.14 kg、0.05 kg、0.07kg;出欄重比對照組提高了9.06 kg(統(tǒng)計學(xué)P值0.01,差異極顯著)。2、澳洲茶油樹精油能夠提高豬飼料轉(zhuǎn)化率,降低料肉比。在31-60 d、61-90 d、91-120 d這三個階段比對照組分別低了0.01、0.06、0.02。3、澳洲茶油樹精油能夠提高豬屠宰性能。能夠提高豬出欄重、酮體重、眼肌面積、屠宰率、瘦肉率和肝臟重;降低豬背膘厚、后腿比率、十二指腸壁厚;能夠提高豬肌肉的肉質(zhì)和肉色。4、飼喂澳洲茶油樹精油能夠提高豬肌肉中總蛋白含量、18種氨基酸總量、8種人體必需氨基酸總量;也能夠增加豬肌肉中組氨酸、賴氨酸、苯丙氨酸的含量。5、飼喂澳洲茶油樹精油能夠提高豬肌肉不飽和脂肪酸的總量,尤其是能夠提高硬脂酸、二十碳一烯酸這兩種不飽和脂肪酸的含量。試驗二:以20頭個體重約16kg的健康杜×長×大三元雜交仔豬作為研究對象進行分為2組,分別為澳洲茶油樹精油組、對照組;在豬飼喂30 d、60 d、90 d、120 d采血分離血清和淋巴細胞,檢測血清溶菌酶、免疫球蛋白IgG和淋巴細胞中CD4+/CD8+比值。試驗結(jié)果表明:1、澳洲茶油樹精油能夠明顯提高豬血清溶菌酶的表達量。飼喂澳洲茶油樹精油30 d、60 d、90 d、120 d后豬血清溶菌酶含量分別比對照組提高了4.43 U/mL(P0.05,差異顯著)、6.00 U/mL(P0.01,差異極顯著)、9.95 U/mL(P0.01,差異極顯著)、11.01 U/mL(P0.01,差異極顯著)。2、澳洲茶油樹精油能夠明顯提高豬IgG的含量。飼喂澳洲茶油樹精油30 d、60 d、90 d、120 d后豬血清IgG含量分別比對照組提高了2.78 mg/mL(P0.05,無統(tǒng)計學(xué)差異)、3.04 mg/mL(P0.05,差異顯著)、8.38 mg/mL(P0.01,差異極顯著)、9.50 mg/mL(P0.01,差異極顯著)。3、澳洲茶油樹精油能夠明顯提高豬血液CD4+/CD8+比值。飼喂澳洲茶油樹精油30 d、60 d、90 d、120 d后豬血液CD4+/CD8+比值分別比對照組提高了0.02(P0.05,無統(tǒng)計學(xué)差異)、0.08(P0.01,差異極顯著)、0.15(P0.01,差異極顯著)、0.15(P0.01,差異極顯著)。結(jié)論:澳洲茶油樹精油能夠明顯提高豬的生產(chǎn)性能,提高日增重、出欄重,降低料肉比,提高屠宰率、瘦肉率,并能夠提高豬肌肉必需氨基酸和不飽和脂肪酸的總量。該提取物能夠提高豬的溶菌酶、IgG的水平和增加CD4+/CD8+比值,具有提高豬免疫功能的作用。因此,澳洲茶油樹精油在生豬養(yǎng)殖中具有很好的前景。
[Abstract]:In order to improve the application value of the plant extract in the healthy culture of live pigs, the application of the plant extract in promoting the growth and reproduction of the live pigs and the prevention and control of the pig's disease is of great significance. The experiment mainly studies the effect of the oil tree essential oil on the production performance and the immune function of the pig, and provides the basis for the application of the tea oil tree essential oil in the healthy culture of the live pigs. The results showed that the two groups were divided into 2 groups with 200-head healthy Du-ping-long three-way hybrid piglets with a body weight of about 16kg, which were the test group of the tea oil tree and the control group, which were not fed with the extract. The whole process was raised for 120d, and the data of the morbidity and death, the feed intake and the weighing of the pigs were recorded. The weight gain and the ratio of meat to meat of the two groups were measured, and the slaughter performance of the pigs was obtained by the slaughter measurement, and the composition of the amino acid and the fatty acid of the pig muscle was detected. The results of the test show that the essential oil of the tea oil can obviously improve the daily gain and the weight of the pig. The weight gain of the essential oil of the tea-oil tree was increased by 0. 05 kg, 0. 14 kg, 0. 05 kg, 0. 07kg, respectively, and the weight gain was increased by 9.06 kg in the control group (P <0.01, the difference was very significant). The tea oil tree essential oil can improve the conversion rate of the pig feed and lower the feed-to-meat ratio. The three stages of 31-60d, 61-90d, 91-120d were lower than that of the control group. can improve the weight of the pig, the weight of the ketone, the area of the eye muscle, the dressing rate, the lean meat rate and the liver weight, reduce the thickness of the back of the pig, the ratio of the back leg and the thickness of the duodenal wall, and can improve the meat quality and the meat color of the pig muscle. The tea oil tree essential oil can improve the total protein content of the pig muscle, the total amount of the 18 kinds of amino acids, the total amount of essential amino acids of the eight human bodies, and the content of the histidine, the lysine and the phenylalanine in the pig muscle can be increased, The tea oil tree essential oil can improve the total amount of the unsaturated fatty acid of the pig muscle, and in particular can improve the content of the two unsaturated fatty acids of the stearic acid and the eicosapentaenoic acid. Test 2: The two groups were divided into 2 groups as the study object with 20 heads of healthy Du-ping-long three-way hybrid piglets with a body weight of about 16kg, which were the essential oil group and the control group of the tea-oil tree in Australia. The serum and the lymphocytes were collected from the pigs fed with 30 days, 60 days, 90 days and 120 days, and the serum lysozyme was detected. The ratio of CD4 +/ CD8 + in immunoglobulin IgG and lymphocytes. The results of the test show that the essential oil of the tea oil can obviously improve the expression of the serum lysozyme in the pig. The contents of the serum lysozyme in the pigs were increased by 4.43 U/ mL (P0.05), 6.00 U/ mL (P0.01, the difference was significant), 9.95 U/ mL (P0.01, the difference was significant), and 11.01 U/ mL (P0.01, the difference was significant). The tea oil tree essential oil can obviously improve the content of the pig IgG. The serum IgG contents in the pigs were increased by 2.78 mg/ mL (P <0.05, no statistical difference), 3.04 mg/ mL (P0.05) and 8.38 mg/ mL (P 0.01, the difference was significant), and 9.50 mg/ mL (P 0.01, the difference was significant). The camellia oil tree essential oil can obviously improve the CD4 +/ CD8 + ratio of the pig blood. The results showed that the ratio of CD4 +/ CD8 + in the pig blood was 0.02 (P0.05, no statistical difference), 0.08 (P0.01, the difference was significant), 0.15 (P0.01, the difference was significant), and 0.15 (P0.01, the difference was significant). Conclusion: The tea oil tree essential oil can obviously improve the production performance of the pig, improve the daily gain, the weight of the column, lower the ratio of the feed and meat, improve the slaughter rate and the lean meat rate, and can improve the total amount of the essential amino acid and the unsaturated fatty acid of the pig muscle. The extract can improve the level of lysozyme and IgG of the pig and increase the ratio of CD4 +/ CD8 +, and has the effect of improving the immune function of the pig. Therefore, the tea oil tree essential oil has good prospect in live pig breeding.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江西農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S828.5

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