【摘要】：本試驗將陜北窯洞作為光控羊舍,控制陜北白絨山羊光照時間,使其在非絨期產(chǎn)絨,增加產(chǎn)絨量,達(dá)到利用閑置資源,提高養(yǎng)殖效益的目的。同時為了推廣窯洞式光控增絨技術(shù),本試驗進(jìn)一步研究了羊群在光控期間羊舍內(nèi)有害氣體含量的變化規(guī)律,為建設(shè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化的窯洞式光控舍提供環(huán)境參數(shù)的依據(jù)。選取50只年齡、體況相近的陜北白絨山羊母羊作為試驗動物,隨機平均分為兩組,試驗組25只,對照組25只。用窯洞作為光控羊舍,試驗組羊只每天16:30~翌日9:30進(jìn)入窯洞遮光,控制光照強度小于0.1 Lx;對照組羊只無遮光處理;試驗組和對照組除光照時間不同,其他條件完全相同,均自由采食、飲水,常規(guī)管理。同時為了全程記錄羊舍內(nèi)的二氧化碳、氨氣、溫度以及濕度參數(shù),試驗共設(shè)定7個監(jiān)測點,對照組羊舍3個,編號為A、C、E,試驗組羊舍3個,編號為B、D、F,戶外監(jiān)測點1個,編號為O。羊舍內(nèi)監(jiān)測點均勻分布在羊舍的縱軸上,距離地面1.5 m處。戶外監(jiān)測點設(shè)置在兩個羊舍中間。各個監(jiān)測點的循環(huán)順序依次為O-A-B-C-D-E-F,每隔10分鐘記錄一個監(jiān)測點數(shù)據(jù),每70分鐘完成一次循環(huán)。所得結(jié)果如下:(1)窯洞式光控增絨技術(shù),對陜北白絨山羊絨纖維的伸直長度和產(chǎn)絨量均有顯著的影響(P0.05),但對陜北白絨山羊絨纖維細(xì)度影響不顯著(P0.05)。(2)窯洞式光控增絨技術(shù),可以加快絨纖維在非產(chǎn)絨期的生長速度,延長絨纖維在非產(chǎn)絨期的生長時間,增加絨纖維長度,使得整體產(chǎn)絨量提高,從而達(dá)到一年剪兩次絨的目的。(3)窯洞式光控舍內(nèi)的二氧化碳的濃度與舍內(nèi)羊只的密度有一定的關(guān)聯(lián),并且不會隨著季節(jié)的變化而變化。(4)在進(jìn)行光控試驗期間的二氧化碳濃度變化為:9:30~10:30這個時間段內(nèi)二氧化碳的濃度為y=0.1603x~(-0.328),10:30~16:30的二氧化碳濃度為0.02%~0.04%,16:30~19:30的二氧化碳濃度為y=0.0208ln(x)+0.021,19:30~翌日9:30的二氧化碳濃度為0.10%~0.16%。(5)窯洞式光控舍內(nèi)的氨氣濃度與舍內(nèi)的溫度和通風(fēng)有關(guān)。(6)窯洞式光控舍具備高溫季節(jié)降溫的功能,而且溫度穩(wěn)定,溫差小,但在高濕季節(jié)應(yīng)采取降低濕度的措施。
[Abstract]:In this experiment, the cave in the north of Shaanxi was used as the light-controlled sheep house, and the illumination time of the white cashmere goat was controlled, so that the white cashmere goat could produce cashmere in the non-velvet period, increase the cashmere yield, and achieve the purpose of utilizing idle resources and improving the efficiency of breeding. At the same time, in order to popularize the light control and pile increasing technology of cave type, this experiment further studied the change rule of harmful gas content in sheep house during the period of light control, and provided the basis of environmental parameters for the construction of standardized cave type light control house. Fifty white cashmere goat ewes of similar age were randomly divided into two groups: the experimental group (n = 25) and the control group (n = 25). Using the cave as the light-controlled sheep house, the sheep in the experimental group entered the cave every day from 16: 30 to 9:30 on the following day, and the control light intensity was less than 0. 1 Lx; in the control group, and there was no shading treatment in the control group. The experimental group and the control group were free to eat, drinking water and routine management except for different light time and other conditions. At the same time, in order to record the parameters of carbon dioxide, ammonia, temperature and humidity in sheep house, 7 monitoring points were set up in the experiment. Outdoor monitoring point 1, number O. The monitoring points were evenly distributed on the longitudinal axis of the sheephouse, 1.5 m from the ground. Outdoor monitoring points are set between two sheephouses. The cyclic order of each monitoring point is O-A-B-C-D-E-F.The data of each monitoring point is recorded every 10 minutes, and the cycle is completed every 70 minutes. The results are as follows: (1) the light-controlled cashmere increasing technique of cave type has a significant effect on the straightening length and cashmere yield of white cashmere fiber in Northern Shaanxi (P0.05). However, there was no significant effect on the fineness of white cashmere fiber in Northern Shaanxi (P0.05). (2), which could accelerate the growth rate of cashmere fiber in non-cashmere stage and prolong the growth time of cashmere fiber in non-cashmere period. Increasing the length of pile fiber can increase the overall production of cashmere and achieve the purpose of shearing velvet twice a year. (3) there is a certain correlation between the concentration of carbon dioxide in the cave light control house and the density of sheep in the house. And it will not change with the seasons. (4) the carbon dioxide concentration during the photocontrol experiment is 9: 30: 10: 30. The concentration of carbon dioxide is 0.1603x- 0.328 during the period of 9: 30: 10: 30. The concentration of carbon dioxide at 10: 30 and 16: 30 is 0.02 and 0.04. The concentration of carbon dioxide at 16: 30 / 1930 is y=0.0208ln (x) 0.021 / 19: 30 ~ 9:30 on the following day, and the concentration of carbon dioxide is 0.10 / 0.16. (5) the concentration of ammonia and the temperature and ventilation of the house in the cave light control house. Related. (6) the cave type light control house has the function of cooling down in the high temperature season, And the temperature is stable, the temperature difference is small, but in the high humidity season should take the humidity reduction measure.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S827

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