【摘要】：疫苗是有效的疾病預(yù)防方式,而疫苗佐劑作為疫苗的重要組成,可加強(qiáng)抗原呈遞、發(fā)揮貯庫效應(yīng),適宜的疫苗佐劑對于提高疫苗的免疫學(xué)效力有著不可或缺的作用。近年來,對于獸用疫苗佐劑的免疫學(xué)效應(yīng)和安全性等方面的研究也受到越來越多的重視。佐劑體系對于獸用疫苗的安全性和免疫學(xué)效應(yīng)都有著重要影響。本研究主要分為兩部分：1.聚合物納微球應(yīng)用于豬圓環(huán)疫苗佐劑。采用快速膜乳化技術(shù)制備粒徑為1μm和300 nm的PLA-DDAB微球,粒徑小且分布均一,該微球可充分吸附豬圓環(huán)病毒抗原。將微球疫苗進(jìn)行免疫實驗,在免疫后第14天-35天時IgG抗體持續(xù)升高,均顯著高于商業(yè)佐劑,且在35天內(nèi)保持了較高的抗體水平,達(dá)到210以上。在脾細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)試驗的一系列檢測中,也可見300 nm微球具有一定的免疫學(xué)優(yōu)勢。2.快速膜乳化應(yīng)用于雞疫苗油乳佐劑。將快速膜乳化應(yīng)用于制備雞新流二聯(lián)疫苗油乳佐劑,與常規(guī)的高速攪拌疫苗作對比,考察長期免疫學(xué)效應(yīng)和安全性。其中快速膜乳化疫苗的粒徑分布更均一。在安全性方面,從定性、定量考察中可見快速膜乳化疫苗引起的炎癥反應(yīng)輕于常規(guī)疫苗,且在140天內(nèi)炎癥現(xiàn)象消失更早,顯示出更溫和的特點。長期抗體水平顯示,膜乳化疫苗新城疫和禽流感HI抗體在120天時分別保持在26和28以上,保證了疫苗的免疫學(xué)效應(yīng)。
[Abstract]:Vaccine is an effective way of disease prevention, and vaccine adjuvant, as an important component of vaccine, can strengthen antigen presentation and exert storage effect. The appropriate vaccine adjuvant plays an indispensable role in improving the immunological efficacy of vaccine. In recent years, more and more attention has been paid to the immunological effect and safety of veterinary vaccine adjuvants. Adjuvant system plays an important role in the safety and immunological effects of veterinary vaccines. This research is divided into two parts: 1. Polymer nanospheres are used as adjuvant of porcine ring vaccine. PLA-DDAB microspheres with particle size of 1 渭 m and 300 nm were prepared by rapid membrane emulsification technique. The microspheres were small in size and uniform in distribution. The microspheres could fully adsorb porcine circovirus antigen. The IgG antibody of microsphere vaccine was significantly higher than that of commercial adjuvant from day 14 to day 35, and the antibody level was higher than that of commercial adjuvant in 35 days. In a series of tests of splenocyte culture test, it was also found that 300 nm microspheres had some immunological advantages. 2. Rapid membrane emulsification is used as adjuvant of chicken vaccine oil emulsion. Rapid membrane emulsification was applied to the preparation of adjuvant oil emulsion of novel two-stream chicken vaccine, and compared with conventional high speed agitated vaccine, the long-term immunological effect and safety of the adjuvant were investigated. The particle size distribution of rapid membrane emulsified vaccine is more uniform. In terms of safety, qualitative and quantitative analysis showed that the inflammatory reaction induced by the rapid membrane emulsification vaccine was lighter than that of the conventional vaccine, and the inflammatory phenomenon disappeared earlier within 140 days, showing a more mild characteristic. Long-term antibody level showed that the HI antibody of Newcastle disease and avian influenza remained above 26 and 28 at 120 days respectively, which ensured the immunological effect of the vaccine.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京化工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S859.79

【共引文獻(xiàn)】

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本文編號：2403834