【摘要】：本試驗旨在研究富含核苷酸的酵母抽提物(YE)對早期斷奶仔豬生長性能及腸道粘膜形態(tài)的影響。試驗選取150頭(21士1)d斷奶的杜×長x大三元雜仔豬(6.22±0.16 kg),將它們隨機分為3個處理組,即對照組、血漿蛋白粉(SDPP)組和YE組,并分別飼喂以下3種日糧：基礎(chǔ)日糧、基礎(chǔ)日糧+3%SDPP和基礎(chǔ)日糧+3% YE,飼喂14 d。在試驗結(jié)束時,從每個處理組隨機抽取5頭仔豬,采集血樣后屠宰取樣,分別測定血樣中生理生化指標、氨基酸、激素水平以及空腸和回腸的組織學形態(tài)。試驗結(jié)果如下：1、生長性能指標與對照組相比,飼糧中添加3%SDPP和3% YE可以提高斷奶仔豬平均日增重(P0.05),降低料肉比(P0.05),顯著降低腹瀉率(P0.05),且SDPP組和YE組之間在生長性能指標方面差異不明顯。2、血清生理生化指標和臟器指數(shù)與對照組相比,飼糧中添加3%SDPP或3%YE極顯著提高血清中總蛋白水平(P0.01),且血清中乳糖(P=0.063)和乳酸脫氫酶(P=-0.144)含量有增加的趨勢。與SDPP組相比,YE組仔豬血清中葡萄糖含量降低15.3%(P0.05),尿素氮含量增加28.2%(P0.05),且血清磷含量降低10.52%(P0.05)。此外,與SDPP組相比,YE組仔豬肝臟指數(shù)顯著降低(P0.01),且腎臟指數(shù)有降低的趨勢(P=-0.069)。3、血漿氨基酸濃度必需氨基酸方面,與對照組相比,SDPP組和YE組仔豬血漿中蛋氨酸(P=0.082)、色氨酸(P=0.086)和賴氨酸(P=-0.052)含量均有降低的趨勢,而亮氨酸含量有增加的趨勢,同時異亮氨酸(P0.05)含量顯著提高。此外,與SDPP組相比,YE組仔豬血漿中必需氨基酸色氨酸(P=0.045)顯著下降,且賴氨酸和蛋氨酸有下降的趨勢(P0.05)。非必需氨基酸方面,與對照組相比,YE組中谷氨酸(P0.01)和谷氨酰胺(P0.01)濃度顯著降低,且SDPP組中谷氨酰胺(P=0.063)和谷氨酸(P0.05)濃度有下降的趨勢。而相較于SDPP組,YE組仔豬血漿中谷氨酸(P0.05)和谷氨酰胺濃度分別降低了19.9%和19%。此外,與SDPP組相比,YE組仔豬血漿中精氨酸含量顯著升高(P0.05)。4、腸道粘膜形態(tài)與對照組相比,SDPP組和YE組仔豬空腸絨毛長度顯著升高(P0.05)。相較于SDPP組,YE組仔豬回腸絨毛長度顯著降低(P0.05),而絨腺比有增加的趨勢(P0.05)。5、血清激素水平與SDPP組相比,YE組仔豬血清中三碘甲腺原氨酸含量顯著升高(P=0.047),甲狀腺素含量比SDPP組提高4.7%(P0.05)。綜合試驗結(jié)果可得出如下結(jié)論：(1)日糧中添加富含核苷酸的酵母抽提物在提高斷奶仔豬生長性能方面與SDPP有相似的效果；(2)相較于SDPP組,仔豬早期日糧中添加富含核苷酸的酵母抽提物可能有助于提高斷奶仔豬對日糧中氨基酸的有效利用效率,促進蛋白質(zhì)累積；(3)與SDPP組相比,日糧中添加富含核苷酸的酵母抽提物可以改善斷奶仔豬回腸絨毛形態(tài),有助于提高斷奶仔豬對營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)的吸收效率和降低腹瀉率。綜合看來,富含核苷酸的酵母抽提物在早期斷奶仔豬日糧中的應(yīng)用具有與SDPP同等甚至更優(yōu)的飼養(yǎng)效果。
[Abstract]:The purpose of this study was to study the effects of (YE), a yeast extract rich in nucleotides, on growth performance and intestinal mucosal morphology in early weaning piglets. One hundred and fifty (21 + 1) d weaned DU 脳 Changx large Ternary crossbred piglets (6.22 鹵0.16 kg),) were randomly divided into three groups: control group, plasma protein powder (SDPP) group and YE group. The following three diets were fed: basal diet, basal diet 3%SDPP and basal diet 3% YE, for 14 days. At the end of the experiment, 5 piglets were randomly selected from each treatment group. Blood samples were collected and slaughtered to determine the physiological and biochemical indexes, amino acids, hormone levels and histological morphology of jejunum and ileum. The results were as follows: 1. Compared with the control group, adding 3%SDPP and 3% YE to the diet could increase the average daily gain (P0.05), decrease the feed / meat ratio (P0.05), significantly reduce the diarrhea rate (P0.05). There was no significant difference in growth performance between the SDPP group and the YE group. 2. Compared with the control group, the serum physiological and biochemical indexes and organ index were significantly increased by adding 3%SDPP or 3%YE to the diet (P0.01). The contents of lactose (P0. 063) and lactate dehydrogenase (P0. 144) in serum showed an increasing trend. Compared with SDPP group, serum glucose content, urea nitrogen content and serum phosphorus content in YE group were decreased by 15.3% (P0.05), 28.2% (P0.05) and 10.52% (P0.05), respectively. In addition, compared with SDPP group, the liver index and kidney index of YE group decreased significantly (P0.01), and the kidney index decreased (P0. 069). 3. The plasma amino acid concentration was essential amino acid, compared with the control group. The contents of methionine (P0. 082), tryptophan (P0. 086) and lysine (Pn0. 052) in plasma of SDPP and YE piglets were decreased, while the content of leucine increased. At the same time, the content of isoleucine (P0.05) increased significantly. In addition, compared with SDPP group, plasma essential amino acid tryptophan (P0. 045) in YE group decreased significantly, and lysine and methionine decreased (P0.05). In terms of non-essential amino acids, the concentrations of glutamate (P0.01) and glutamine (P0.01) in YE group were significantly lower than those in control group, and the concentrations of glutamine (P0. 063) and glutamate (P0.05) in SDPP group were decreased. Compared with SDPP group, plasma glutamate (P0.05) and glutamine concentration in YE group decreased by 19.9% and 19%, respectively. In addition, compared with SDPP group, the content of arginine in plasma of YE group was significantly higher than that of SDPP group (P0.05). 4. Compared with the control group, the intestinal mucosal morphology in SDPP group and YE group were significantly higher than that in control group (P0.05). Compared with the SDPP group, the villus length of the YE group decreased significantly (P0.05), while the chorionic gland ratio increased (P0.05). The serum hormone level in YE group was higher than that in the SDPP group. The content of triiodothyronine in serum of YE group was significantly higher than that of SDPP group (P0.047), and the content of thyroxine was 4.7% higher than that of SDPP group (P0.05). The results showed that: (1) yeast extract with rich nucleotides in diet had similar effect to SDPP in improving growth performance of weaned piglets; (2) compared with SDPP group, the addition of yeast extract rich in nucleotides in the early diet of piglets may help to improve the efficiency of effective utilization of amino acids and promote protein accumulation in weaning piglets. (3) compared with SDPP group, dietary yeast extract rich in nucleotides could improve the morphology of intestinal villi of weaned piglets, improve the absorption efficiency of nutrients and reduce the diarrhea rate of weaned piglets. In general, the application of yeast extract rich in nucleotides in early weaning piglets diet has the same or better feeding effect as SDPP.
【學位授予單位】：湖南農(nóng)業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S828.5

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