【摘要】：以呼倫貝爾羊草(Leymus chinensis)草甸天然割草場為研究對象,通過設(shè)置不同種類肥料和不同施肥量處理,探討植物群落生產(chǎn)力、植物群落和土壤C:N:P生態(tài)化學(xué)計量學(xué)特征,試圖篩選出適合該地區(qū)草地生長的施肥種類與施肥量的最優(yōu)組合。結(jié)果表明:隨著施肥水平的增加,2014年群落地上生物量呈上升趨勢,H3(尿素10.5 g·m~(-2)+過磷酸鈣5.1 g·m~(-2))的生物量最高(505.8 g·m~(-2));2015年群落地上生物量先增加后減少,施肥水平H2(尿素7.0 g·m~(-2)+過磷酸鈣3.4 g·m~(-2))生物量最高(264 g·m~(-2))。2014年和2015年不同施肥處理下植物群落C、N和P含量差異不顯著。2014年不同處理間植物群落C:N差異顯著,H3施肥水平的C:N(29.28)顯著高于其他水平(P0.05),而2015年C:N隨著施肥水平的增加而增加;與C:N變化趨勢完全相反,2014年、2015年群落的C:P和N:P均隨施肥水平增加而減少。2014年與2015年不同處理下土壤全C、全N和全P中,除2014年0~10 cm土層H2和H3的全N、H1的全P顯著高于其他處理(P0.05),其他指標(biāo)在不同處理間差異均不顯著。2014年3層土壤的C:N、C:P和N:P受施肥量的影響相對較小,變化范圍分別為18.31~19.42、64.06~102.51、3.38~5.19。2015年3層土壤的C:N、C:P和N:P變化范圍為11.33~12.51、25.59~53.49、2.17~4.41。對比2年比值的變化,2015年C:P和N:P較2014分別下降了47.8%~59.7%和15.0%~35.8%。研究結(jié)果表明:從植物群落和土壤的化學(xué)計量比角度來看,N可能是本地區(qū)限制植物生長的一個主要因素,P處于相對平衡的狀態(tài),在未來的N、P混施管理中,需降低或不添加磷肥,適量添加N素,才能使群落呈現(xiàn)適中的化學(xué)計量比。
[Abstract]:The natural mowing field of (Leymus chinensis) meadow of Leymus chinensis Hulunbeier was used as the research object. The productivity of plant community, the ecochemometrics characteristics of plant community and soil C:N:P were studied by setting different kinds of fertilizers and different fertilization treatments. This paper tries to select the best combination of fertilizer types and fertilization amount suitable for grassland growth in this area. The results showed that the aboveground biomass of community increased with the increase of fertilization level in 2014. The biomass of H3 (urea 10. 5 g m ~ (-2) calcium superphosphate 5. 1 g m ~ (-2) is the highest (505.8 g m ~ (-2);). The aboveground biomass of the community increased first and then decreased in 2015, The biomass of H _ 2 (urea 7.0 g m ~ (-2) superphosphate 3.4 g m ~ (-2) was the highest (264 g m ~ (-2).) under different fertilization treatments in 2014 and 2015. There was no significant difference in N and P content between different treatments in 2014. In 2014, there was a significant difference in C: n between different treatments, and C: n (29.28) of H3 fertilization level was significantly higher than that of other levels (P0.05), while in 2015, C: n increased with the increase of fertilization level. In 2014, both C: P and N: P decreased with the increase of fertilization level. In 2014 and 2015, the total C, N and total P of soil under different treatments, except 2014 0 ~ 10 cm soil layer H _ 2 and H _ 3, were all decreased. The total P of H1 was significantly higher than that of other treatments (P0.05), and there was no significant difference in other indexes among different treatments. The range of variation ranges of C: n: C: P and N: P in the three layers of soil were 18.31 ~ 19.42 ~ 64.06 ~ 3.38 ~ 5.19. 2015, respectively, and the range of C: n ~ (2 +) and N _ (1) P were 11.33 ~ 12.51 ~ 25.59 ~ 53.42.17 ~ 4.41, respectively. Compared with the change of 2-year ratio, in 2015, C: P and N: P were 47.8% and 15.0% lower than 2014, respectively. The results showed that from the point of view of stoichiometric ratio of plant community to soil, N may be one of the main factors restricting the growth of plants in this area. It is necessary to reduce or not add phosphorus fertilizer and appropriate amount of N to make the community present a moderate stoichiometric ratio.
【作者單位】： 內(nèi)蒙古農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)生態(tài)環(huán)境學(xué)院;中國農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院農(nóng)業(yè)資源與農(nóng)業(yè)區(qū)劃研究所;內(nèi)蒙古農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)理學(xué)院;
【基金】：國家公益性行業(yè)(農(nóng)業(yè))科研專項(2013060) 國家重點研發(fā)計劃項目(2016YFC0500603)
【分類號】：S812

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